Creating The Twentieth Century
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Creating The Twentieth Century
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Author : Distinguished Professor Department of Environment Vaclav Smil
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press on Demand
Release Date : 2005-08-25
Creating The Twentieth Century written by Distinguished Professor Department of Environment Vaclav Smil and has been published by Oxford University Press on Demand this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-08-25 with Business & Economics categories.
The two pre-World War I generations encompassed the greatest innovative period in history. Technical inventions of 1867-1914 & their rapid improvement & commercialisation created new prime movers, materials, infrastructures & information means that provided the lasting foundations of the modern world.
Creating The Twentieth Century
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Author : Vaclav Smil
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2005-08-25
Creating The Twentieth Century written by Vaclav Smil and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-08-25 with History categories.
The period between 1867 and 1914 remains the greatest watershed in human history since the emergence of settled agricultural societies: the time when an expansive civilization based on synergy of fuels, science, and technical innovation was born. At its beginnings in the 1870s were dynamite, the telephone, photographic film, and the first light bulbs. Its peak decade - the astonishing 1880s - brought electricity - generating plants, electric motors, steam turbines, the gramophone, cars, aluminum production, air-filled rubber tires, and prestressed concrete. And its post-1900 period saw the first airplanes, tractors, radio signals and plastics, neon lights and assembly line production. This book is a systematic interdisciplinary account of the history of this outpouring of European and American intellect and of its truly epochal consequences. It takes a close look at four fundamental classes of these epoch-making innovations: formation, diffusion, and standardization of electric systems; invention and rapid adoption of internal combustion engines; the unprecedented pace of new chemical syntheses and material substitutions; and the birth of a new information age. These chapters are followed by an evaluation of the lasting impact these advances had on the 20th century, that is, the creation of high-energy societies engaged in mass production aimed at improving standards of living.
Transforming The Twentieth Century
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Author : Vaclav Smil
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2006-04-13
Transforming The Twentieth Century written by Vaclav Smil and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-04-13 with History categories.
This inquiry into the technical advances that shaped the 20th century follows the evolutions of all the principal innovations introduced before 1913 (as detailed in the first volume) as well as the origins and elaborations of all fundamental 20th century advances. The history of the 20th century is rooted in amazing technical advances of 1871-1913, but the century differs so remarkably from the preceding 100 years because of several unprecedented combinations. The 20th century had followed on the path defined during the half century preceding the beginning of World War I, but it has traveled along that path at a very different pace, with different ambitions and intents. The new century's developments elevated both the magnitudes of output and the spatial distribution of mass industrial production and to new and, in many ways, virtually incomparable levels. Twentieth century science and engineering conquered and perfected a number of fundamental challenges which remained unresolved before 1913, and which to many critics appeared insoluble. This book is organized in topical chapters dealing with electricity, engines, materials and syntheses, and information techniques. It concludes with an extended examination of contradictory consequences of our admirable technical progress by confronting the accomplishments and perils of systems that brought liberating simplicity as well as overwhelming complexity, that created unprecedented affluence and equally unprecedented economic gaps, that greatly increased both our security and fears as well as our understanding and ignorance, and that provided the means for greater protection of the biosphere while concurrently undermining some of the key biophysical foundations of life on Earth. Transforming the Twentieth Century will offer a wide-ranging interdisciplinary appreciation of the undeniable technical foundations of the modern world as well as a multitude of welcome and worrisome consequences of these developments. It will combine scientific rigor with accessible writing, thoroughly illustrated by a large number of appropriate images that will include historical photographs and revealing charts of long-term trends.
Creating Consumers
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Author : Carolyn M. Goldstein
language : en
Publisher: Univ of North Carolina Press
Release Date : 2012-05-28
Creating Consumers written by Carolyn M. Goldstein and has been published by Univ of North Carolina Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-05-28 with Business & Economics categories.
Home economics emerged at the turn of the twentieth century as a movement to train women to be more efficient household managers. At the same moment, American families began to consume many more goods and services than they produced. To guide women in this transition, professional home economists had two major goals: to teach women to assume their new roles as modern consumers and to communicate homemakers' needs to manufacturers and political leaders. Carolyn M. Goldstein charts the development of the profession from its origins as an educational movement to its identity as a source of consumer expertise in the interwar period to its virtual disappearance by the 1970s. Working for both business and government, home economists walked a fine line between educating and representing consumers while they shaped cultural expectations about consumer goods as well as the goods themselves. Goldstein looks beyond 1970s feminist scholarship that dismissed home economics for its emphasis on domesticity to reveal the movement's complexities, including the extent of its public impact and debates about home economists' relationship to the commercial marketplace.
Creating A Common Table In 20th Century Argentina
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Author : Rebekah E. Pite
language : en
Publisher: UNC Press Books
Release Date : 2013
Creating A Common Table In 20th Century Argentina written by Rebekah E. Pite and has been published by UNC Press Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with Cooking categories.
"Dona Petrona C. de Gandulfo (c. 1896-1992) reigned as Argentina's preeminent domestic and culinary expert from the 1930s through the 1980s. An enduring culinary icon thanks to her magazine columns, radio programs, and television shows, she was likely second only to Eva Peron in terms of the fame she enjoyed and the adulation she received. Her cookbook garnered tremendous popularity, becoming one of the three best-selling books in Argentina. Dona Petrona capitalized on and contributed to the growing appreciation for women's domestic roles as the Argentine economy expanded and fell into periodic crises. Drawing on a wide range of materials, including her own interviews with Dona Petrona's inner circle and with everyday women and men, Rebekah E. Pite provides a lively social history of twentieth-century Argentina, as exemplified through the fascinating story of Dona Petrona and the homemakers to whom she dedicated her career. Pite's narrative illuminates the important role of food--its consumption, preparation, and production--in daily life, class formation, and national identity. By connecting issues of gender, domestic work, and economic development, Pite brings into focus the critical importance of women's roles as consumers, cooks, and community builders"--
Magnetic Los Angeles
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Author : Greg Hise
language : en
Publisher: JHU Press
Release Date : 1999-08-20
Magnetic Los Angeles written by Greg Hise and has been published by JHU Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999-08-20 with Architecture categories.
Suburban development is often considered synonymous with enhanced personal mobility, single-family housing, and life cycle homogeneity. According to this view, individual suburbs are residence-only enclaves, isolated commuter-sheds for a managerial and mercantile elite. Magnetic Los Angeles challenges this common vision of the expanding, twentieth-century city as the sprawling product of dispersion without planning, lacking any discernable order.
The Long Twentieth Century
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Author : Giovanni Arrighi
language : en
Publisher: Verso
Release Date : 1994
The Long Twentieth Century written by Giovanni Arrighi and has been published by Verso this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994 with Capitalism categories.
Winner of the American Sociological Association PEWS Award (1995) for Distinguished Scholarship The Long Twentieth Century traces the epochal shifts in the relationship between capital accumulation and state formation over a 700-year period. Giovanni Arrighi masterfully synthesizes social theory, comparative history and historical narrative in this account of the structures and agencies which have shaped the course of world history over the millennium. Borrowing from Braudel, Arrighi argues that the history of capitalism has unfolded as a succession of "long centuries"—ages during which a hegemonic power deploying a novel combination of economic and political networks secured control over an expanding world-economic space. The modest beginnings, rise and violent unravel-ing of the links forged between capital, state power, and geopolitics by hegemonic classes and states are explored with dramatic intensity. From this perspective, Arrighi explains the changing fortunes of Florentine, Venetian, Genoese, Dutch, English, and finally American capitalism. The book concludes with an examination of the forces which have shaped and are now poised to undermine America's world power.
A Century Of Innovation
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Author : George Constable
language : en
Publisher: Joseph Henry Press
Release Date : 2003-01-01
A Century Of Innovation written by George Constable and has been published by Joseph Henry Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-01-01 with Technology & Engineering categories.
A Century of Innovation: The Engineering that Transformed Our Lives is a full-color coffee table book that details the greatest achievements of 20th-century engineering. Each chapter details one specific engineering "feat" with a discussion of the discovery's impact on society and descriptions and illustrations of how that discovery "works."
Democracy S Arsenal
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Author : Jacques S. Gansler
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 2011
Democracy S Arsenal written by Jacques S. Gansler and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with Business & Economics categories.
The author describes the transformations needed in government and industry to achieve a new, more effective system of national defense.
Machine Art In The Twentieth Century
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Author : Andreas Broeckmann
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 2016-12-23
Machine Art In The Twentieth Century written by Andreas Broeckmann and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-12-23 with Art categories.
An investigation of artists' engagement with technical systems, tracing art historical lineages that connect works of different periods. “Machine art” is neither a movement nor a genre, but encompasses diverse ways in which artists engage with technical systems. In this book, Andreas Broeckmann examines a variety of twentieth- and early twenty-first-century artworks that articulate people's relationships with machines. In the course of his investigation, Broeckmann traces historical lineages that connect art of different periods, looking for continuities that link works from the end of the century to developments in the 1950s and 1960s and to works by avant-garde artists in the 1910s and 1920s. An art historical perspective, he argues, might change our views of recent works that seem to be driven by new media technologies but that in fact continue a century-old artistic exploration. Broeckmann investigates critical aspects of machine aesthetics that characterized machine art until the 1960s and then turns to specific domains of artistic engagement with technology: algorithms and machine autonomy, looking in particular at the work of the Canadian artist David Rokeby; vision and image, and the advent of technical imaging; and the human body, using the work of the Australian artist Stelarc as an entry point to art that couples the machine to the body, mechanically or cybernetically. Finally, Broeckmann argues that systems thinking and ecology have brought about a fundamental shift in the meaning of technology, which has brought with it a rethinking of human subjectivity. He examines a range of artworks, including those by the Japanese artist Seiko Mikami, whose work exemplifies the shift.