Crystallization And Applications
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Crystallization And Applications
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Author : Youssef Ben Smida
language : en
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Release Date : 2022-03-30
Crystallization And Applications written by Youssef Ben Smida and has been published by BoD – Books on Demand this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-03-30 with Science categories.
The crystallization process may be used in chemistry, physics, or materials science to prepare materials for special applications such as batteries, fuel cells, and optics. In chemistry and physics, researchers prepare polycrystalline powders or thin films. In biology and pharmacology, proteins and drugs are obtained as polycrystalline powder and their structures are determined by X-ray powder diffraction or neutron diffraction. The synthesis of polycrystalline powder or thin films depends on several factors such as temperature, pressure, and operating parameters. This book discusses the phenomenon of crystallization in several fields and applications.
Waste Management Concepts Methodologies Tools And Applications
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Author : Management Association, Information Resources
language : en
Publisher: IGI Global
Release Date : 2019-12-06
Waste Management Concepts Methodologies Tools And Applications written by Management Association, Information Resources and has been published by IGI Global this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-12-06 with Technology & Engineering categories.
As the world’s population continues to grow and economic conditions continue to improve, more solid and liquid waste is being generated by society. Improper disposal methods can not only lead to harmful environmental impacts but can also negatively affect human health. To prevent further harm to the world’s ecosystems, there is a dire need for sustainable waste management practices that will safeguard the environment for future generations. Waste Management: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications is a vital reference source that examines the management of different types of wastes and provides relevant theoretical frameworks about new waste management technologies for the control of air, water, and soil pollution. Highlighting a range of topics such as contaminant removal, landfill treatment, and recycling, this multi-volume book is ideally designed for environmental engineers, waste authorities, solid waste management companies, landfill operators, legislators, environmentalists, policymakers, government officials, academicians, researchers, and students.
Crystallization
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Author : Wolfgang Beckmann
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2013-01-14
Crystallization written by Wolfgang Beckmann and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-01-14 with Science categories.
Crystallization is a natural occurring process but also a process abundantly used in the industry. Crystallization can occur from a solution, from the melt or via deposition of material from the gas phase (desublimation). Crystals distinguish themself from liquids, gases and amorphous substances by the long-range order of its building blocks that entail the crystals to be formed of well-defined faces, and give rise to a large number of properties of the solid. Crystallization is used at some stage in nearly all process industries as a method of production, purification or recovery of solid materials. Crystallization is practiced on all scales: from the isolation of the first milligrams of a newly synthesized substance in the research laboratory to isolating products on the mulit-million tonne scale in industry. The book describes the breadth of crystallization operations, from isolation from a reaction broth to purification and finally to tailoring product properties. In the first section of the book, the basic mechanisms - nucleation, growth, attrition and agglomeration are introduced. It ensures an understanding of supersaturation, the driving force of crystallization. Furthermore, the solubility of the substance and its dependences on process conditions and the various techniques of crystallization and their possibilities and limitations are discussed. Last but not least, the first part includes an intensive treatment of polymorphism . The second part builds on the basics, exploring how crystallization processes can be developed, either batch-wise or continuous, from solution or from the melt. A discussion of the purification during crystallization serves as a link between the two sections, where practical aspects and an insight using theoretical concepts are combined. Mixing and its influence on the crystallization as well as the mutual interference of down-stream processes with the crystallization are also treated. Finally, techniques to characterize the crop are discussed. The third part of the book is dedicated to accounts of actual developments and of carried-out crystallizations. Typical pitfalls and strategies to avoid these as well as the design of robust processes are presented.
Handbook Of Continuous Crystallization
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Author : Nima Yazdanpanah
language : en
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry
Release Date : 2020-02-04
Handbook Of Continuous Crystallization written by Nima Yazdanpanah and has been published by Royal Society of Chemistry this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-02-04 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Continuous crystallization is an area of intense research, with particular respect to the pharmaceutical industry and fine chemicals. Improvements in continuous crystallization technologies offer chemical industries significant financial gains, through reduced expenditure and operational costs, and consistent product quality. Written by well-known leaders in the field, The Handbook of Continuous Crystallization presents fundamental and applied knowledge, with attention paid to application and scaling up, and the burgeoning area of process intensification. Beginning with concepts around crystallization techniques and control strategies, the reader will learn about experimental methods and computational tools. Case studies spanning fine and bulk chemicals, the pharmaceutical industry, and employing new mathematical tools, put theory into context.
Crystallization Of Organic Compounds
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Author : Hsien-Hsin Tung
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2023-07-25
Crystallization Of Organic Compounds written by Hsien-Hsin Tung and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-07-25 with Science categories.
Crystallization of Organic Compounds Practical resource covering applications of crystallization principles with methodologies, case studies, and numerous industrial examples for emphasis Based on the authors’ hands-on experiences as process engineers, through the use of case studies and examples of crystallization processes, ranging from laboratory development through manufacturing scale-up, Crystallization of Organic Compounds guides readers through the practical applications of crystallization and emphasizes strategies that have proven to be successful, enabling readers to avoid common pitfalls that can render standard procedures unsuccessful. Most chapters feature multiple examples that guide readers, step by step, through the crystallization of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), including an analysis of the major methods of carrying out crystallization operations, their strengths and potential issues, as well as numerous examples of crystallization processes from development through manufacturing scale. Advancements in the field of crystallization have been integrated throughout the book in the newly revised Second Edition to ensure the content adequately reflects current state-of-the-art industrial know-hows and practice. The new edition also adds chapters addressing downstream operations after the crystallization, including filtration/washing and drying, together with industrial use cases. Crystallization of Organic Compounds includes detailed information on: Solubility and solid behavior, covering phase rule, polymorph, salt/co-crystal, chiral resolution and in-silico solubility prediction; and kinetics, covering seed, supersaturation, nucleation, crystal growth and model-based experimental design Critical issues in the crystallization practice, covering oiling out, seeding/wet-milling, agglomeration/aggregation, mixing scale-up and quality-by-design principles Cooling, anti-solvent, evaporation and reactive crystallization process design, covering batch and continuous operations with industrial examples Special applications, covering crystallization with ultrasound, reaction selectivity enhancement, and computation fluid dynamics, and solid dispersion With highly practical coverage of the subject, Crystallization of Organic Compounds is an essential resource for engineers and chemists involved with the development, scaling, or operation of crystallization process in the pharmaceutical and fine chemical industries, particularly those with degrees in chemical engineering and chemistry.
Wells S Principles And Applications Of Chemistry
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Author : David Ames Wells
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1872
Wells S Principles And Applications Of Chemistry written by David Ames Wells and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1872 with categories.
Handbook On Applications Of Ultrasound
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Author : Dong Chen
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2011-07-26
Handbook On Applications Of Ultrasound written by Dong Chen and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-07-26 with Science categories.
Ultrasonic irradiation and the associated sonochemical and sonophysical effects are complementary techniques for driving more efficient chemical reactions and yields. Sonochemistry—the chemical effects and applications of ultrasonic waves—and sustainable (green) chemistry both aim to use less hazardous chemicals and solvents, reduce energy consumption, and increase product selectivity. A comprehensive collection of knowledge, Handbook on Applications of Ultrasound covers the most relevant aspects linked to and linking green chemistry practices to environmental sustainability through the uses and applications of ultrasound-mediated and ultrasound-assisted biological, biochemical, chemical, and physical processes. Chapters are presented in the areas of: Medical applications Drug and gene delivery Nanotechnology Food technology Synthetic applications and organic chemistry Anaerobic digestion Environmental contaminants degradation Polymer chemistry Industrial syntheses and processes Reactor design Electrochemical systems Combined ultrasound-microwave technologies While the concepts of sonochemistry have been known for more than 80 years, in-depth understanding of this phenomenon continues to evolve. Through a review of the current status of chemical and physical science and engineering in developing more environmentally friendly and less toxic synthetic processes, this book highlights many existing applications and the enormous potential of ultrasound technology to upgrade present industrial, agricultural, and environmental processes.
Applications Of Ion Exchange Materials In Chemical And Food Industries
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Author : Inamuddin
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2019-02-04
Applications Of Ion Exchange Materials In Chemical And Food Industries written by Inamuddin and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-02-04 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book presents the applications of ion-exchange materials in the chemical and food industries. It includes topics related to the application of ion exchange chromatography in water softening, purification and separation of chemicals, separation and purification of food products and catalysis. This title is a highly valuable source of knowledge on ion-exchange materials and their applications suitable for postgraduate students and researchers but also to industrial R&D specialists in chemistry, chemical, and biochemical technology. Additionally, this book will provide an in-depth knowledge of ion-exchange column and operations suitable for engineers and industrialists.
Crystallization Processes And Applications
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Author : Garry Hollis
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2022-09-13
Crystallization Processes And Applications written by Garry Hollis and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-09-13 with categories.
A solid material whose constituents such as atoms, molecules, or ions are arranged in a highly ordered microscopic structure is referred to as a crystal. The physical transformation of a liquid, solution, or gas to a crystal is known as crystallization. Crystals are formed by phenomena such as precipitation, freezing, or deposition directly from a gas. The occurrence of crystallization involves two major steps, namely, nucleation and crystal growth. Its most prominent application is salt crystallization which is the most cost-effective way to produce salt. Applications of crystallization involve compound purification and crystal production. The book aims to shed light on some of the unexplored aspects of crystallization and the recent researches in this area. Also included herein is a detailed explanation of the various concepts and applications of this process. This book will serve as a reference to a broad spectrum of readers.
Melt Crystallization Technology
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Author : Tine Arkenbout-de Vroome
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 1995-05-02
Melt Crystallization Technology written by Tine Arkenbout-de Vroome and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995-05-02 with Technology & Engineering categories.
From the Author's Preface There is a growing demand for ultrapure organic compounds such as fine chemicals, pharmaceuticals, and basic materials for use in the polymer industry. . . . In quite a number of cases, it is difficult or impossible to manufacture ultrapure organics efficiently using conventional separation techniques such as distillation. Moreover, conventional techniques usually require large amounts of energy. To improve the purification efficiency of organics, special techniques based on crystallization from the melt have been developed. Melt crystallization meets industry's need for a highly selective separation process for organic compounds which operates at low enough temperatures to prevent thermal degradation. Melt crystallization processes have the added advantage that they are energy-efficient and ecologically sound. Melt crystallization techniques appear to be particularly promising for upgrading organic materials and are one of the few routes that appear to be feasible for purifying starter materials for high-tech polymers. The aim of this book is to provide basic information on melt crystallization technology. . . . This monograph consists of three parts: 1. basic principles, 2. process options, and 3. technical equipment and applicability. This new book is the first unified guide and reference to an important chemical process technology. It is comprehensive and organized for easy reference. More than 150 diagrammatic representations, flow charts and photographs illustrate equipment and processes. More than 40 tables provide useful reference data. The Author Dr. Arkenbout studied chemistry at the University of Utrecht, and joined TNO, the Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research. He has specialized in research on new separation processes and has had thirty of his articles on this subject published. He recently retired from the position of manager of physical separation research, but has remained active in this field through affiliations with the Laboratory of Solid State Chemistry at the University of Nijmegen, the Laboratory for Process Equipment, Delft University of Technology, and TNO.