Culture Fertility And Son Preference
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Culture Fertility And Son Preference
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Author : Jas Ellis
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2009
Culture Fertility And Son Preference written by Jas Ellis and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with categories.
Son Preference And The Persistence Of Culture
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Author : Douglas Almond
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2009
Son Preference And The Persistence Of Culture written by Douglas Almond and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with Asians categories.
Sex ratios at birth are above the biologically normal level in a number of Asian countries, notably India and China. Standard explanations include poverty and a cultural emphasis on male offspring. We study Asian immigrants to Canada using Census data, focussing on sex ratios across generations and religious groups. We find sex ratios to be normal at first parity, but rising with parity if there were no previous son. Since these immigrants are neither poor nor live in a society tolerant of sex discrimination/sex selection, our findings are more consistent with a preference for sons per se (and not for sons as a means to, e.g., old age support). Additionally, we uncover strong differences by religious affiliation that align with historical differences in doctrine concerning infanticide. Comparing across generations of Asian immigrants, we find fertility responds strongly to the sex composition of older children for first generation families. For the second generation, expression of son preference through the fertility channel is muted whereas sex selection seems to persist.
Son Preference And Fertility In China South Korea And The United States
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Author : Ho Sik Min
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010
Son Preference And Fertility In China South Korea And The United States written by Ho Sik Min and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with categories.
The goal of this dissertation is to contribute in three ways to the literature on son preference and fertility through a comparative perspective. First, I examine the impact of son preference on fertility in China and South Korea compared with the United States. The impact that a female birth has on the likelihood of a woman having another birth is of the most concern: Women who have one or two daughter(s) as previous child(ren) are expected to be more likely to experience the hazard of having a second or a third birth. Second, my dissertation attempts to examine the effects of women0́9s status on son preference if women0́9s education reduces son preference. Third, my dissertation examines son preference and fertility in the U.S. Even though the U.S. has never shown son preference regarding sex ratios at birth, recent research has shown this association to exist among poor Hispanics. My dissertation used data from a national sample, 2002 National Survey of Family Growth. The results showed that women in China and South Korea who had a daughter instead of a son as their first child had a higher hazard of having a second birth as expected. Moreover, the results showed that the hazard ratio of having a third birth for Chinese and South Korean women was almost four and five times more, respectively. As expected, the hazard ratios for the U.S. were not significant and thus did not support the hypothesis. And the more educated women who had a daughter(s) instead of a son(s) as their previous child(ren) were less likely to have a second birth, but not in the third birth. This means women0́9s education apparently does not reduce son preference in the case of the third birth. Thus, women0́9s education apparently has limited or no influence on the childbearing decision where son preference is strong. Third, Hispanic women with low socioeconomic status did not have a significant hazard ratio of having a higher order birth. Accordingly, the dissertation does not find any statistical evidence of American son preference at the national level.
Variation In Son Preference Effects On Fertility In Korea
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Author : Mee-Hae Park
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1986
Variation In Son Preference Effects On Fertility In Korea written by Mee-Hae Park and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1986 with categories.
The Role Of Son Preference In Influencing Family Size
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Author : Jaha Mulema
language : en
Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
Release Date : 2012-03
The Role Of Son Preference In Influencing Family Size written by Jaha Mulema and has been published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-03 with Family size categories.
The world is experiencing demographic transition from higher level of fertility to lower level of fertility. However in Africa the pace of declining fertility is very low. This book analyse the low pace of declining fertility as the result of existence of son preference in Africa and Tanzania in particular. Parental preferences toward sons' influences the number of the children they could have, hence affecting the family size. This book use parity progression ratio to examine parents' behavior of continuing child bearing to search for a male offspring. Also, sex ratio at last birth was used to examine parental intention to stop childbearing after having at least one surviving son. The findings in this book show that parents' continue having children until they reached the desired number of sons. This book, therefore, provide an understanding of the relationship between son preference and family size. Furthermore, understanding of the relationship between son preference and family size are of great importance for the policy makers in order to deal adequately with the problems related to family size and population growth.
O Sister Where Art Thou The Role Of Son Preference And Sex Choice
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Author : Douglas Almond
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2009
O Sister Where Art Thou The Role Of Son Preference And Sex Choice written by Douglas Almond and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with categories.
Abstract: Sex ratios at birth are above the biologically normal level in a number of Asian countries, notably India and China. Standard explanations include poverty and a cultural emphasis on male offspring. We study Asian immigrants to Canada using Census data, focussing on sex ratios across generations and religious groups. We find sex ratios to be normal at first parity, but rising with parity if there were no previous son. Since these immigrants are neither poor nor live in a society tolerant of sex discrimination/sex selection, our findings are more consistent with a preference for sons per se (and not for sons as a means to, e.g., old age support). Additionally, we uncover strong differences by religious affiliation that align with historical differences in doctrine concerning infanticide. Comparing across generations of Asian immigrants, we find fertility responds strongly to the sex composition of older children for first generation families. For the second generation, expression of son preference through the fertility channel is muted whereas sex selection seems to persist
Development Modernization And Son Preference In Fertility Decisions
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Author : Deon Filmer
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
Development Modernization And Son Preference In Fertility Decisions written by Deon Filmer and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with categories.
A family preference for sons over daughters may manifest itself in different ways, including higher mortality, worse health status, or lower educational attainment among girls. This study focuses on one measure of son preference in the developing world, namely the likelihood of continued childbearing given the gender composition of existing children in the family. The authors use an unusually large data set, covering 65 countries and approximately 5 million births. The analysis shows that son preference is apparent in many regions of the developing world and is particularly large in South Asia and in the Eastern Europe and Central Asia region. Modernization does not appear to reduce son preference. For example, in South Asia son preference is larger for women with more education and is increasing over time. The explanation for these patterns appears to be that latent son preference in childbearing is more likely to manifest itself when fertility levels are low. As a result of son preference, girls tend to grow up with significantly more siblings than boys do, which may have implications for their wellbeing if there are quantity-quality trade-offs that result in fewer material and emotional resources allocated to children in larger families.
The Demographic Masculinization Of China
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Author : Isabelle Attané
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-06-26
The Demographic Masculinization Of China written by Isabelle Attané and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-06-26 with Social Science categories.
This book describes the shortage of girls and women in present day China and focuses on two important features: the sex imbalance in childhood and youth, and the excess mortality of women at various stages of their life. The author analyzes the causes and the processes of a strong preference for sons, which generates discrimination toward females and results in a shortage of girls and women. China’s higher proportion of men than women is a population characteristic that is shared by very few countries in the world. This demographic masculinity is unprecedented in the documented history of human populations, both in scale and its lasting impact on the numbers and the structure of the population. Despite the economic boom of recent years, many families in China still consider girls to be less important than boys. Although Chinese women have become largely emancipated since the 1950s, they still do not have the same opportunities for social achievement as men, and Chinese society remains fundamentally rooted in highly gendered social and family roles. As a consequence, Chinese girl babies who have the misfortune to be born instead of a long-awaited son go by various names, such as Pandi (literally "awaiting a son"), Laidi ("a son will follow"), or Yehao ("she'll do too"). The book provides a comprehensive review of the situation of women in China’s society and shows that discrimination against girls and women is part of a system of norms and values that traditionally favours males.
Son Preference And Fertility Behavior
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Author : Robert C. Repetto
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1971
Son Preference And Fertility Behavior written by Robert C. Repetto and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1971 with Birth order categories.
Sons Or Daughters
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Author : Nancy E. Williamson
language : en
Publisher: SAGE Publications, Incorporated
Release Date : 1976
Sons Or Daughters written by Nancy E. Williamson and has been published by SAGE Publications, Incorporated this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1976 with Family & Relationships categories.
