Culture Institutions And Social Equilibria

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Culture Institutions And Social Equilibria

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Author : Daron Acemoglu
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2021

Culture Institutions And Social Equilibria written by Daron Acemoglu and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021 with categories.

This paper proposes a new framework for studying the interplay between culture and institutions. We follow the recent sociology literature and interpret culture as a \repertoire", which allows rich cultural responses to changes in the environment and shifts in political power. Specifically, we start with a culture set, which consists of attributes and the feasible connections between them. Combinations of attributes produce cultural configurations, which provide meaning, interpretation and justification for individual and group actions. Cultural figurations also legitimize and support different institutional arrangements. Culture matters as it shapes the set of feasible cultural figurations and via this channel institutions. Yet, changes in politics and institutions can cause a rewiring of existing attributes, generating very different cultural configurations. Cultural persistence may result from the dynamics of political and economic factors - rather than being a consequence of an unchanging culture. We distinguish cultures by how fluid they are - whereby more fluid cultures allow a richer set of cultural configurations. Fluidity in turn depends on how specific (vs. abstract) and entangled (vs. free-standing) attributes in a culture set are. We illustrate these ideas using examples from African, England, China, the Islamic world, the Indian caste system and the Crow. In all cases, our interpretation highlights that culture becomes more of a constraint when it is less fluid (more hardwired), for example because its attributes are more specific or entangled. We also emphasize that less fluid cultures are not necessarily "bad cultures", and may create a range of benefits, though they may reduce the responsiveness of culture to changing circumstances. In many instances, including in the African, Chinese and English cases, we show that there is a lot of fluidity and very different, almost diametrically-opposed, cultural configurations are feasible, often compete with each other for acceptance and can gain the upper hand depending on political factors.

Culture Institutions And Equilibria

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Author : James A. Robinson
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2021

Culture Institutions And Equilibria written by James A. Robinson and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021 with Culture categories.

This paper proposes a new framework for studying the interplay between culture and institutions. We follow the recent sociology literature and interpret culture as a "repertoire", which allows rich cultural responses to changes in the environment and shifts in political power. Specifically, we start with a culture set, which consists of attributes and the feasible connections between them. Combinations of attributes produce cultural configurations, which provide meaning, interpretation and justification for individual and group actions. Cultural figurations also legitimize and support different institutional arrangements. Culture matters as it shapes the set of feasible cultural figurations and via this channel institutions. Yet, changes in politics and institutions can cause a rewiring of existing attributes, generating very different cultural configurations. Cultural persistence may result from the dynamics of political and economic factors -- rather than being a consequence of an unchanging culture. We distinguish cultures by how fluid they are -- whereby more fluid cultures allow a richer set of cultural configurations. Fluidity in turn depends on how specific (vs. abstract) and entangled (vs. free-standing) attributes in a culture set are. We illustrate these ideas using examples from African, England, China, the Islamic world, the Indian caste system and the Crow. In all cases, our interpretation highlights that culture becomes more of a constraint when it is less fluid (more hardwired), for example because its attributes are more specific or entangled. We also emphasize that less fluid cultures are not necessarily "bad cultures", and may create a range of benefits, though they may reduce the responsiveness of culture to changing circumstances. In many instances, including in the African, Chinese and English cases, we show that there is a lot of fluidity and very different, almost diametrically-opposed, cultural configurations are feasible, often compete with each other for acceptance and can gain the upper hand depending on political factors.

Culture Institutions And Development

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Author : Jean-Philippe Platteau
language : en
Publisher: Routledge Studies in Developme
Release Date : 2011

Culture Institutions And Development written by Jean-Philippe Platteau and has been published by Routledge Studies in Developme this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with Business & Economics categories.

Does culture matter? This question has taken on added significance since fundamentalist revivalism has recently gained ground in different parts of the world. The old controversy between Max Weber and Karl Marx, which centres around the extent to which cultural factors such as social norms and values affect economic growth is of critical importance, particularly because of its policy implications. Indeed, if culture is not an autonomous factor susceptible to influencing economic realities, it should not matter and public authorities can dispense with thinking about cultural interventions. On the other hand, if culture does have a real impact, the question arises as to whether it is conducive or detrimental to economic growth, political liberalization, and the emancipation of individuals among other things. Culture, Institutions, and Development addresses this debate at a concrete level by looking at five important issues: the role of tradition and its influence on development; the role of religion, with special reference to Middle Eastern countries; the role of family, kinship, and ethnic ties in the process of development; the relationship between culture and entrepreneurship; and the relationship between culture and poverty. This collection offers a nuanced view that neither denies nor exaggerates the role of cultural factors in explaining relative growth performances across countries. Instead, the contributors focus on the dynamic, two-way relationship between culture and development in a way that stresses policy stakes and the value of multidisciplinary collaboration between economists, historians and other social scientists. This book will be of interest to postgraduates and researchers in all the social sciences, as well as to professionals working in national development agencies, international organisations, and Non-Governmental Organisations.

Culture Institutions And Their Interlinkages How Are Theories Of Culture And Of Institutions Applied Together

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Author : Alexander Staffel
language : en
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Release Date : 2022-04-14

Culture Institutions And Their Interlinkages How Are Theories Of Culture And Of Institutions Applied Together written by Alexander Staffel and has been published by GRIN Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-04-14 with Social Science categories.

Bachelor Thesis from the year 2020 in the subject Sociology - Culture, Technology, Peoples / Nations, grade: 1, Vienna University of Economics and Business , language: English, abstract: This thesis aims to review and synthesise existing journal articles investigating the intersection of culture and institutions to answer the question of how and in which areas theory of culture and institutions have together been applied. In the form of a systematic literature review, we include articles that were divided into one of eight categories, namely economics; historical events and development; public sector; sociology and gender studies; international business; corporate governance; ethics, CSR and reputation; and finance. Over the last few decades, an increasing scholarly interest in the topics of culture and institutions has developed and led to a stark rise in published related work. Especially since the early 2000s, the two topics have gained significant ground in a variety of academic disciplines and caused an increase of available literature, which is also confirmed by the results of our search process. Cultural or institutional theory fits into several scientific fields ranging from psychology and sociology to law and economics. Views on culture and institutions vastly differ. While some academics see them primarily as endogenous, others perceive them as exogenously given and representing the equilibrium of a game. Bowles (1998), on the contrary, views them as exogenous too, although they lead to the creation of endogenous preferences in society. A change of cultural and institutional settings, however, can be both exogenous and endogenous. In addition, research is also still not completely conclusive about which and how variables affect the formation of culture and institutions. Likely effects stem from geographic factors, language, education, war, pandemics and available technology, amongst others. On the other hand, theory of new institutional economics highlights the implication of path dependence for both concepts. Path dependence suggests that history matters for current and future decisions and potential outcomes. Similarly, random events, in contrast to systematic forces, can have significant impacts. It so implies a certain lock-in effect created by prior events which can figuratively speaking, make it challenging to leave an already adopted path even if there exist superior ones. Also, because culture and institutions interact, they create space for multiple stable outcomes.

The Long Divergence

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Author : Timur Kuran
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2012-11-11

The Long Divergence written by Timur Kuran and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-11-11 with Business & Economics categories.

How religious barriers stalled capitalism in the Middle East In the year 1000, the economy of the Middle East was at least as advanced as that of Europe. But by 1800, the region had fallen dramatically behind—in living standards, technology, and economic institutions. In short, the Middle East had failed to modernize economically as the West surged ahead. What caused this long divergence? And why does the Middle East remain drastically underdeveloped compared to the West? In The Long Divergence, one of the world's leading experts on Islamic economic institutions and the economy of the Middle East provides a new answer to these long-debated questions. Timur Kuran argues that what slowed the economic development of the Middle East was not colonialism or geography, still less Muslim attitudes or some incompatibility between Islam and capitalism. Rather, starting around the tenth century, Islamic legal institutions, which had benefitted the Middle Eastern economy in the early centuries of Islam, began to act as a drag on development by slowing or blocking the emergence of central features of modern economic life—including private capital accumulation, corporations, large-scale production, and impersonal exchange. By the nineteenth century, modern economic institutions began to be transplanted to the Middle East, but its economy has not caught up. And there is no quick fix today. Low trust, rampant corruption, and weak civil societies—all characteristic of the region's economies today and all legacies of its economic history—will take generations to overcome. The Long Divergence opens up a frank and honest debate on a crucial issue that even some of the most ardent secularists in the Muslim world have hesitated to discuss.

Culture Institutions And Appropriation

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Author : George Kanatas
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010

Culture Institutions And Appropriation written by George Kanatas and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with categories.

We examine the role of society's cultural moral code as a fundamental cause of institutional quality and economic prosperity. Our analysis focuses on the differences between pride-based (such as Protestantism) and guilt-based (such as Catholicism) cultures. A more pronounced pride sentiment or a less pronounced guilt sentiment in society's cultural moral code leads to stronger property rights institutions, less appropriation and a more favorable attitude toward work. Overall, in equilibrium, a more pride-based or less guilt-based culture enhances economic performance and generates Pareto-improving gains.

Culture Institutions And Development

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Author : Jean-Philippe Platteau
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2010-10-04

Culture Institutions And Development written by Jean-Philippe Platteau and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-10-04 with Business & Economics categories.

Does culture matter? This question has taken on added significance since fundamentalist revivalism has recently gained ground in different parts of the world. The old controversy between Max Weber and Karl Marx, which centres around the extent to which cultural factors such as social norms and values affect economic growth is of critical importance, particularly because of its policy implications. Indeed, if culture is not an autonomous factor susceptible to influencing economic realities, it should not matter and public authorities can dispense with thinking about cultural interventions. On the other hand, if culture does have a real impact, the question arises as to whether it is conducive or detrimental to economic growth, political liberalization, and the emancipation of individuals among other things. Culture, Institutions, and Development addresses this debate at a concrete level by looking at five important issues: the role of tradition and its influence on development; the role of religion, with special reference to Middle Eastern countries; the role of family, kinship, and ethnic ties in the process of development; the relationship between culture and entrepreneurship; and the relationship between culture and poverty. This collection offers a nuanced view that neither denies nor exaggerates the role of cultural factors in explaining relative growth performances across countries. Instead, the contributors focus on the dynamic, two-way relationship between culture and development in a way that stresses policy stakes and the value of multidisciplinary collaboration between economists, historians and other social scientists. This book will be of interest to postgraduates and researchers in all the social sciences, as well as to professionals working in national development agencies, international organisations, and Non-Governmental Organisations.

Rulers Religion And Riches

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Author : Jared Rubin
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2017-02-16

Rulers Religion And Riches written by Jared Rubin and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-02-16 with Business & Economics categories.

This book seeks to explain the political and religious factors leading to the economic reversal of fortunes between Europe and the Middle East.

Political Economy Of Institutions Democracy And Voting

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Author : Norman Schofield
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2011-06-11

Political Economy Of Institutions Democracy And Voting written by Norman Schofield and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-06-11 with Political Science categories.

This book presents the latest research in the field of Political Economy, dealing with the integration of economics and politics and the way institutions affect social decisions. The authors are eminent scholars from the U.S., Canada, Britain, Spain, Italy, Mexico and the Philippines. Many of them have been influenced by Nobel laureate Douglass North, who pioneered the new institutional social sciences, or by William H. Riker who contributed to the field of positive political theory. The book focuses on topics such as: case studies in institutional analysis; research on war and the formation of states; the analysis of corruption; new techniques for analyzing elections, involving game theory and empirical methods; comparing elections under plurality and proportional rule, and in developed and new democracies.

Institutions And The Path To The Modern Economy

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Author : Avner Greif
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2006-01-16

Institutions And The Path To The Modern Economy written by Avner Greif and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-01-16 with Business & Economics categories.

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