Customs Unions In The Wto
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Customs Unions In The Wto
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Author : Fabian Bickel
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2021
Customs Unions In The Wto written by Fabian Bickel and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021 with categories.
How the WTO deals with regional trade agreements (RTAs) is conceptually and practically one of the most important questions in international trade law. This book clarifies that relationship focussing on one form of regional integration - customs unions - and one form of trade measures - anti-dumping measures. This book answers the question how anti-dumping measures and legislation change if a state is in a customs union as well. In doing so, this book provides a new reasoning why anti-dumping measures are modified in customs unions, as well as a comprehensive overview of how this has happened, a legal analysis on the legality of these changes, and an answer to the question how the different institutional settings have impacted questions of responsibility and attribution. Going beyond this, this book also considers the specific problems that arise in cases of economic integration and disintegration, and finally, the impact forming a customs union has on third parties that may impose anti-dumping measures on states that are members of a customs union.
Restructuring Trade Agreements
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Author : Juscelino F. Colares
language : en
Publisher: Kluwer Law International B.V.
Release Date : 2021-07-27
Restructuring Trade Agreements written by Juscelino F. Colares and has been published by Kluwer Law International B.V. this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-07-27 with Law categories.
To avoid trade-bargain erosion, countries involved in large-scale, bilateral or regional trade arrangements must reconcile preserving close economic ties and supply chains with the need to dynamically adjust to new opportunities with other partners. Using the growing deterioration of the European Union-Turkey Customs Union as an illustration to a new model of trade-agreement restructuring, this well-researched and deeply insightful book outlines and demonstrates how this trade arrangement can be successfully renegotiated, thus providing expert practical guidance in a crucial area of trade law and policy that rarely receives the attention it deserves. The book's novel framework features a clearly articulated legal foundation, a transactional deployment strategy, and a sequential negotiating approach applicable to bilateral and regional trade arrangements whose original terms no longer reflect the changed capabilities and interests of at least one of its parties. The authors respond in detail to questions, such as: When should a country pursue bargain rebalancing? How should trade diplomats pursue renegotiation and/or new partnerships, legally and transactionally? Given that free trade agreements keep each country’s trade sovereignty mostly intact, under which circumstances should a country ever consider entering a customs union? How may free-trade agreements help countries address trade imbalances while enhancing supply chain resilience? What are the limits to WTO litigation as an effective market-barrier-opening tool? How should trade-agreement restructuring be deployed as a path to further trade liberalization? In-depth attention is paid to identifying and investigating trade arrangements that are ripe for renegotiation and assessing sources of domestic and external support for or against renegotiating such bargains. This book’s model of international trade-agreement restructuring fits well with emerging thinking on greater trade diversification and supply-chain resilience. The authors provide a clear, actionable approach for considering and conducting the renegotiation of trade deals. For these reasons, this book will be welcomed by trade lawyers, supply-chain executives, economists, government officials, and academics who are grappling with rising economic frictions in the fault lines of national sovereignty, economic interdependence, and the limits of current trade arrangements.
Challenges And Prospects For The Wto
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Author : Andrew D. Mitchell
language : en
Publisher: Cameron May
Release Date : 2005
Challenges And Prospects For The Wto written by Andrew D. Mitchell and has been published by Cameron May this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with Conflict of laws categories.
Contributions ... based on papers delivered at the Sixth and Seventh Conferences of the World Trade Law Association (WTLA) ... as well as specially commissioned chapters"--p. 1.
Regional Trade Integration And Wto Accession
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Author : Ms.Patrizia Tumbarello
language : en
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Release Date : 2005-05-01
Regional Trade Integration And Wto Accession written by Ms.Patrizia Tumbarello and has been published by INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-05-01 with Business & Economics categories.
This paper analyzes the appropriate sequencing between accession to the World Trade Organization (WTO) and the implementation of the Eurasian Economic Community (EAEC) customs union and whether the latter facilitates or delays WTO accession for some member countries of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS). If EAEC members pursue a coordinated approach toward WTO accession, this may cause delays that benefit some countries at the expense of others. The paper simulates the welfare effects resulting from the two sequencing alternatives (customs union and WTO or the reverse). The results show that, from a consumer surplus standpoint, it would be preferable to join the WTO ahead of the EAEC customs union. This paper does not attempt to assess the welfare implications of joining the EAEC as a political and economic entity, but only the welfare implications resulting from the implementation of the EAEC customs union.
Uniformity Of Customs Administration In The European Union
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Author : Kathrin Limbach
language : en
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
Release Date : 2015-11-19
Uniformity Of Customs Administration In The European Union written by Kathrin Limbach and has been published by Bloomsbury Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-11-19 with Law categories.
Uniform customs administration is of great importance for the EU and the competitiveness of EU businesses in global trade. However, the EU's so-called executive federalism raises the potential for the non-uniform application of EU customs law. This problem has already arisen in the European Communities – Selected Customs Matters WTO dispute settlement. Therefore, the central research question of this book concerns the challenge presented to executive federalism in the EU Customs Union by the WTO. It also examines those safeguard measures for uniform customs administration which are in operation. Valuable empirical analysis of the decision-making procedures and practices of the national customs authorities allows for the fullest understanding of the operation of the customs administration. An important feature of the exploration is its analysis of the reform of EU customs law and of the effectiveness of the European Union's strategies to enhance uniform customs administration. That analysis helps to identify potential weak points in the decentralised administration of EU customs law and suggests ways in which it might be improved. Scholarly, rigorous and timely, this important study will be required reading for all scholars of EU customs law.
Regional Integration And Global Free Trade
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Author : Mark S. LeClair
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1997
Regional Integration And Global Free Trade written by Mark S. LeClair and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997 with Customs unions categories.
Recent trade initiatives suggest that there is renewed interest in forming tariff-free regional trading zones. Running concurrent with this move toward regional integration is the multilateral process of global trade liberalization. This text looks at the two issues. Chapter one examines the inherent conflict between the two main approaches to reducing barriers to trade - economic integration, and multilateralism. Chapter two provides a theoretical framework for evaluating the relative accomplishments of both regional trading blocs and multilateral free trade. Chapter three utilizes a number of theoretical constructs to evaluate the effects of regional trading arrangements, and discusses the trade history of the European Union. Chapter four provides an analysis of the trade effects of tariff reductions achieved under the GATT system, and chapter five provides recommendations for ensuring continued progress in multilateral tariff reductions under the banner of the World Trade Organization.
Bilateral And Regional Trade Agreements
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Author : Bryan Mercurio
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2009
Bilateral And Regional Trade Agreements written by Bryan Mercurio and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with Commercial treaties categories.
Wto Trade In Goods
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Author : Rüdiger Wolfrum
language : en
Publisher: BRILL
Release Date : 2010-12-07
Wto Trade In Goods written by Rüdiger Wolfrum and has been published by BRILL this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-12-07 with Business & Economics categories.
Article-by-article this volume explains the GATT 1994, its Introductory Note and Annexes, the Understandings on Arts II:1 lit. b, XVII, XXIV and XXVIII GATT, the Understandings on Balance-of-Payments Provisions and Waivers of Obligations, the Enabling Clause and the Waiver on Preferential Tariff Treatment for Least-Developed Countries. It also covers the Agreements on Customs Valuation, Preshipment Inspection and Rules of Origin.
Asian Free Trade Agreements And Wto Compatibility
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Author : Shintaro Hamanaka
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2014-01-13
Asian Free Trade Agreements And Wto Compatibility written by Shintaro Hamanaka and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-01-13 with Business & Economics categories.
It is an appropriate time to rethink the relationship between trade regionalism and multilateralism in the Asian context as we witness the proliferation of free trade agreements (FTAs) in Asia. In the 1980s and 1990s, many scholars and policymakers believed that Asian integration was market-based, rather than legal-based, and that Asian integration would never be codified through agreements. Yet today, there are a large number of FTAs signed and under negotiation in Asia. This book investigates the appropriate relationship between regionalism and multilateralism, with a special reference to recent FTAs in Asia. It is undeniable that past trade multilateralism–regionalism debates centered on the trade-in-goods aspect. However, the majority of recent FTAs in Asia cover issues beyond trade-in-goods and tariff liberalization, such as trade facilitation, services, and economic cooperation. While the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) Article XXIV governs regional integration initiatives in trade in goods, there is no (or at most a thin) World Trade Organization (WTO) Agreement that stipulates the relationship between regionalism and multilateralism in issue areas other than goods. Thus, this study carefully considers the meaning of “WTO-compatible FTAs” by distinguishing “WTO consistency” and “WTO friendliness”, going beyond GATT Article XXIV debates and proposes a general framework for examining the openness of regionalism in various issue areas by identifying tree-type questions to distinguish several types of exclusiveness. It then specifically asks the following questions: Can Asian FTAs that cover several issues be considered multilateralism friendly? How does the relationship between regionalism and multilateralism differ between trade-in-goods and non-goods issue areas? What are policies that might reduce the exclusiveness of regional initiatives? The study concludes by listing counterintuitive policy suggestions to make FTAs truly WTO compatible. The book also includes a comprehensive list of FTAs in Asia and several WTO Agreements relating to trade regionalism. Contents:Introduction: Conceptualizing the WTO Compatibility of FTAsAnalytical Framework for WTO Friendliness of FTAs: How to Check If They are Real “Friends” of WTO?Free Trade Agreements in Goods: Is Trade Bilateralism in Asia Consistent with WTO Rules and Norms?Regional Approaches to Trade Facilitation: Are Regional Trade Facilitation Measures Discriminatory Against Non-Members?Regional Services Agreements: What is the Value of GATS-Plus Regional Services Commitments?Economic Cooperation Under FTAs: Do FTAs Impose WTO-Plus Technical Assistance Obligations on Members?Conclusion: Counter-Intuitive Policy Implications for WTO-Compatible FTAs Readership: Researchers, professionals, undergraduate and graduate students interested in Free Trade Agreements, World Trade Organization, Regionalism, Trade in Services and Trade Facilitation. Keywords:Free Trade Agreement (FTA);World Trade Organization (WTO);Regionalism;Trade in Services;Trade FacilitationKey Features:Chapters first present the methodology relevant to analyze FTA's WTO compatibility in a particular area and then present case studies of Asian FTAs to examine their WTO compatibility, which is followed by the policy discussions on how to make FTAs more WTO-friendlyThe book is interdisciplinary covering economics, political science and international economic lawAuthored by ADB Economist specializing in FTA issues, the book provides readers with theoretically sound and empirically rich discussion on FTAs. The author knows both theory and practice of FTAs and WTO (served as negotiator at the Japanese Mission to the WTO; involved in the regional economic integration issues at the Office of Regional Economic Integration at ADB)Reviews: “Shintaro Hamanaka has written an interesting and important book on Asian Free Trade Agreements and WTO Compatibility. The first major contribution is to distinguish between the narrowly legal concept of WTO-consistency and the broader concept of WTO-friendliness. That distinction underpins the book's analysis, in which Hamanaka identifies examples of agreements that are WTO-consistent but not in the spirit of the WTO or likely to promote future multilateralism; as he points out, non-violation of rules is not the same as harmony. The book's second major contribution is in-depth analysis of 21st. Century trade agreements in Asia, covered in four substantive chapters on trade in goods, trade facilitation, services agreements, and economic cooperation. The author's detailed knowledge of more than a hundred agreements is used to support analysis in which the big picture is kept impressively in focus.” Prof. Richard Pomfret University of Adelaide
Free Trade Agreements And Customs Unions
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Author : Madeleine Hösli
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1997
Free Trade Agreements And Customs Unions written by Madeleine Hösli and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997 with Commercial treaties categories.