Cyber Physical Attack Defenses
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Cyber Physical Attack Defenses
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Author : Luis Ayala
language : en
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Release Date : 2017-05-11
Cyber Physical Attack Defenses written by Luis Ayala and has been published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-05-11 with categories.
What is a cyber-physical attack? A cyber-physical attack is one in which a wholly digital attack against Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) caused physical destruction of equipment. A cyber-physical attack is different from an enterprise network attack designed to steal money, exfiltrate information, or hold a computer hostage for ransom. Those attacks are fairly simple and can be carried out by a cyber-criminal, or even a garden variety cracker. Designing an attack scenario to exploit a particular physical process requires a solid engineering background and in-depth destructive knowledge of the target SCADA system (Cyber-Physical Attack Engineering), but a cracker doesn't need an engineering background to figure out how to turn equipment off. Basically, it's the weaponization of the Internet. A typical Industrial Controls System contains multiple control loops and sometimes the control loops are nested and/or cascading, so the set point for one loop is based on the process variable output from another loop. Supervisory control loops and lower-level loops operate continuously over the duration of a process with cycle times of milliseconds. Interrupting one process can have a ripple effect through the factory. So, what is the big deal? On December 3 1984, in Bhopal, India there was an industrial accident at a pesticide plant that immediately killed at least 3,800 people and caused significant morbidity and premature death for many thousands more. That was only one incident with a release of only 40 tons of methyl isocyanate gas. Of course, this was an accident and not a cyber-physical attack, but it should give you an idea what could happen in a worst-case scenario. Imagine you wake up in the morning and go the bathroom. You turn on the faucet and nothing happens. You go back to the bedroom and the clock is flashing 12:00. You hit the power button on the TV remote and nothing happens. It's a little warm in the house, but the air conditioning won't work. Then you realize that though the sun is out and it's a normal weekday, you don't hear any cars going by. You go outside to your car and it won't start. The cell phone has no signal and won't stay on when you power up. The toaster doesn't heat up and you have to light the gas stove with a match. It's a nice day so you walk to work and notice a line outside the supermarket, but the doors are locked. You ask why they don't open up and they say there is no power to run the cash registers. Even their backup generator won't start. None of the traffic lights work, but there are no cars on the road anyway. This is a cyber-physical attack that affects all utilities and electronic devices. If you don't know what these words mean, you may want to order a copy of this book:ASCII Armoring, Bastard Operator from Hell, Bash Bunny, Buried Treasure, Censys, Crack Root, Dancing Frog, Death Code, Demon Dialer, Disappearing Malware, Fileless Attack, Flytrap, Godzillagram, Heavy Wizardry, Internet of Shit (IoS), Joe-Job, Killer Poke, LAN Turtle, Leapfrog Attack, Malware-as-a-Service, Man-in-the-Browser Attack, Misfeature, Nested Control Loop, OOK, Patch Velocity, Perfect Forward Secrecy, Ping of Death Attack, PunkSPIDER, Rabbit Job, Rubber Ducky, Samurai, Tarball, Ten-Finger Interface, Tinkerbell Program, True-Hacker, Vadding, Voodoo Programming, Wall Follower, Wave a Dead Chicken, Whacker, Wi-Fi Pineapple, Wirehead, Yoyo Mode, Zbeba, Zipperhead, and ZoomEye. Rather than repeat much of the jargon used by engineers and cybersecurity folks here, this book contains definitions not found in the Cybersecurity Lexicon. Otherwise, this book would be twice the number of pages. If you see a word that's unfamiliar, please refer to the Cybersecurity Lexicon.
Cyber Physical Attacks
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Author : George Loukas
language : en
Publisher: Butterworth-Heinemann
Release Date : 2015-05-21
Cyber Physical Attacks written by George Loukas and has been published by Butterworth-Heinemann this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-05-21 with Computers categories.
Cyber-Physical Attacks: A Growing Invisible Threat presents the growing list of harmful uses of computers and their ability to disable cameras, turn off a building’s lights, make a car veer off the road, or a drone land in enemy hands. In essence, it details the ways cyber-physical attacks are replacing physical attacks in crime, warfare, and terrorism. The book explores how attacks using computers affect the physical world in ways that were previously only possible through physical means. Perpetrators can now cause damage without the same risk, and without the political, social, or moral outrage that would follow a more overt physical attack. Readers will learn about all aspects of this brave new world of cyber-physical attacks, along with tactics on how to defend against them. The book provides an accessible introduction to the variety of cyber-physical attacks that have already been employed or are likely to be employed in the near future. Demonstrates how to identify and protect against cyber-physical threats Written for undergraduate students and non-experts, especially physical security professionals without computer science background Suitable for training police and security professionals Provides a strong understanding of the different ways in which a cyber-attack can affect physical security in a broad range of sectors Includes online resources for those teaching security management
Security Of Cyber Physical Systems
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Author : Hadis Karimipour
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-07-23
Security Of Cyber Physical Systems written by Hadis Karimipour and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-07-23 with Computers categories.
This book presents a comprehensive overview of security issues in Cyber Physical Systems (CPSs), by analyzing the issues and vulnerabilities in CPSs and examining state of the art security measures. Furthermore, this book proposes various defense strategies including intelligent attack and anomaly detection algorithms. Today’s technology is continually evolving towards interconnectivity among devices. This interconnectivity phenomenon is often referred to as Internet of Things (IoT). IoT technology is used to enhance the performance of systems in many applications. This integration of physical and cyber components within a system is associated with many benefits; these systems are often referred to as Cyber Physical Systems (CPSs). The CPSs and IoT technologies are used in many industries critical to our daily lives. CPSs have the potential to reduce costs, enhance mobility and independence of patients, and reach the body using minimally invasive techniques. Although this interconnectivity of devices can pave the road for immense advancement in technology and automation, the integration of network components into any system increases its vulnerability to cyber threats. Using internet networks to connect devices together creates access points for adversaries. Considering the critical applications of some of these devices, adversaries have the potential of exploiting sensitive data and interrupting the functionality of critical infrastructure. Practitioners working in system security, cyber security & security and privacy will find this book valuable as a reference. Researchers and scientists concentrating on computer systems, large-scale complex systems, and artificial intelligence will also find this book useful as a reference.
Proactive And Dynamic Network Defense
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Author : Cliff Wang
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2019-05-22
Proactive And Dynamic Network Defense written by Cliff Wang and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-05-22 with Computers categories.
This book discusses and summarizes current research issues, identifies challenges, and outlines future directions for proactive and dynamic network defense. This book also presents the latest fundamental research results toward understanding proactive and dynamic network defense by top researchers in related areas. It includes research results that offer formal frameworks to define proactive and dynamic network defense, and develop novel models to analyze and evaluate proactive designs and strategies in computer systems, network systems, cyber-physical systems and wireless networks. A wide variety of scientific techniques have been highlighted to study these problems in the fundamental domain. As the convergence of our physical and digital worlds grows fast pace, protecting information systems from being tampered or unauthorized access is becoming one of the most importance issues. The traditional mechanisms of network defense are built upon a static, passive, and reactive nature, which has insufficient to defend against today's attackers that attempt to persistently analyze, probe, circumvent or fool such mechanisms. It has not yet been fully investigated to address the early stage of “cyber kill chain” when adversaries carry out sophisticated reconnaissance to plan attacks against a defense system. Recently, proactive and dynamic network defense has been proposed as an important alternative towards comprehensive network defense. Two representative types of such defense are moving target defense (MTD) and deception-based techniques. These emerging approaches show great promise to proactively disrupt the cyber-attack kill chain and are increasingly gaining interest within both academia and industry. However, these approaches are still in their preliminary design stage. Despite the promising potential, there are research issues yet to be solved regarding the effectiveness, efficiency, costs and usability of such approaches. In addition, it is also necessary to identify future research directions and challenges, which is an essential step towards fully embracing proactive and dynamic network defense. This book will serve as a great introduction for advanced-level computer science and engineering students who would like to start R&D efforts in the field of proactive and dynamic network defense. Researchers and professionals who work in this related field will also find this book useful as a reference.
Cyber Attacks And Defenses Against Nonlinear State Estimation In Cyber Physical Systems
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Author : 王敬萱
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2017
Cyber Attacks And Defenses Against Nonlinear State Estimation In Cyber Physical Systems written by 王敬萱 and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with Cooperating objects (Computer systems) categories.
Safety Security And Privacy For Cyber Physical Systems
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Author : Riccardo M.G. Ferrari
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2021-06-08
Safety Security And Privacy For Cyber Physical Systems written by Riccardo M.G. Ferrari and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-06-08 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book presents an in-depth overview of recent work related to the safety, security, and privacy of cyber-physical systems (CPSs). It brings together contributions from leading researchers in networked control systems and closely related fields to discuss overarching aspects of safety, security, and privacy; characterization of attacks; and solutions to detecting and mitigating such attacks. The book begins by providing an insightful taxonomy of problems, challenges and techniques related to safety, security, and privacy for CPSs. It then moves through a thorough discussion of various control-based solutions to these challenges, including cooperative fault-tolerant and resilient control and estimation, detection of attacks and security metrics, watermarking and encrypted control, privacy and a novel defense approach based on deception. The book concludes by discussing risk management and cyber-insurance challenges in CPSs, and by presenting the future outlook for this area of research as a whole. Its wide-ranging collection of varied works in the emerging fields of security and privacy in networked control systems makes this book a benefit to both academic researchers and advanced practitioners interested in implementing diverse applications in the fields of IoT, cooperative autonomous vehicles and the smart cities of the future.
Security Of Cyber Physical Systems
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Author : Marina Krotofil
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2023
Security Of Cyber Physical Systems written by Marina Krotofil and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023 with categories.
Cyber-physical systems (CPS) consist of IT or cyber systems "embedded'' in applications in the physical world. They combine sensors, actuators, control units, operator consoles, and communication networks. Some of these systems are critical because they are part of an infrastructure critical for society. Critical infrastructure protection had become a high profile topic in the last decade, partly because the use of the Internet and commodity hardware and software have exposed the industry to security threats from which it has historically been isolated, and partly because the potential impact of attacks on critical infrastructures can no longer be ignored. Cyber attacks on physical systems are called cyber-physical attacks. The implications of this class of attacks, namely the ability to inflict physical damage, is the main difference that puts them apart from conventional cyber attacks. In this thesis we show that the security concepts from the IT domain are not sufficient to describe the security needs of cyber-physical systems nor are the defenses effective against cyber-physical attacks. We therefore propose to treat the cyber part of a cyber-physical system as a control system and focus on the interfaces between physical space and cyberspace from the attacker perspective. We argue that in the CPS domain defence-in-depth has to be extended to the level of the physical process itself. This thesis consists of four parts. In the first part we address the challenge of lacking realistic large-scale test beds for studying cyber attacks and their effects on physical processes. We present two models of continuous processes, Tennessee Eastman and Vinyl Acetate Monomer, which we enhanced and instrumented with capabilities to conduct cyber-physical security research (Chapter 3). In the second part, using an example of DoS attacks on sensor and actuator signals, we demonstrate that canonical IT security measures for communication infrastructure are insufficient to defend against attacks which take advantage of control system properties (Chapter 4) In the third part we introduce a data security property called veracity or trustworthiness. We illustrate that data veracity is not a property guaranteed by any of the familiar IT infrastructure security services and propose a physical process-aware method to detect and locate non-veracious process data in near-real time (Chapter 5). Lastly, based on the knowledge gained, we propose a model of the cyber-physical attack life cycle and illustrate its applicability on the example of designing persistent economic damage scenario in a Vinyl Acetate Monomer chemical plant (Chapter 6). We conclude the thesis with the encouragement to further develop process-aware cyber security mechanisms that do not solely rely on IT security approaches. Directions for future research are outlined in the conclusions.
Information Assurance Trends In Vulnerabilities Threats And Technologies
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
Release Date : 2004
Information Assurance Trends In Vulnerabilities Threats And Technologies written by and has been published by DIANE Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with categories.
One of the missions of the Center for Technology and National Security Policy at National Defense University is to study the transformation of America's military and to explore the consequences of the information revolution. To further this mission, National Defense University, in collaboration with The Center for Public Policy and Private Enterprise of the University of Maryland's School of Public Affairs, brought together leaders in the fields of military and commercial technology. The purpose of the meeting was to gain insight into the risks and vulnerabilities inherent in the use of information technology on the battlefield and in military systems. This volume presents the results of that workshop. This volume examines threats and vulnerabilities in the following four areas: (1) physical attacks on critical information nodes; (2) electromagnetic attacks against ground, airborne, or space-based information assets; (3) cyber attacks against information systems; and (4) attacks and system failures made possible by the increased level of complexity inherent in the multiplicity of advanced systems. Chapters are as follows: "Trends in Vulnerabilities, Threats, and Technologies," by Jacques S. Gansler and William Lucyshyn; "Physical Vulnerabilities of Critical Information Systems," by Robert H. Anderson; "Physical Vulnerabilities Exposed at the National Training Center," by Colonel John D. Rosenberger; "Dealing with Physical Vulnerabilities," by Bruce W. MacDonald; "Vulnerabilities to Electromagnetic Attack of Defense Information Systems," by John M. Borky; "Vulnerabilities to Electromagnetic Attack of the Civil Infrastructure," by Donald C. Latham; "Trends in Cyber Vulnerabilities, Threats, and Countermeasures," by Michael A. Vatis; "Enhancing Cyber Security for the Warfighter," by Sean R. Finnegan; "Complexity of Network Centric Warfare," by Stanley B. Alterman; and "Difficulties with Network Centric Warfare," by Charles Perrow.
Cyber Security For Cyber Physical Systems
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Author : Saqib Ali
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-03-06
Cyber Security For Cyber Physical Systems written by Saqib Ali and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-03-06 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book is a pioneering yet primary general reference resource on cyber physical systems and their security concerns. Providing a fundamental theoretical background, and a clear and comprehensive overview of security issues in the domain of cyber physical systems, it is useful for students in the fields of information technology, computer science, or computer engineering where this topic is a substantial emerging area of study.
Cyber Physical Security
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Author : Robert M. Clark
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2016-08-10
Cyber Physical Security written by Robert M. Clark and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-08-10 with Political Science categories.
This book focuses on the vulnerabilities of state and local services to cyber-threats and suggests possible protective action that might be taken against such threats. Cyber-threats to U.S. critical infrastructure are of growing concern to policymakers, managers and consumers. Information and communications technology (ICT) is ubiquitous and many ICT devices and other components are interdependent; therefore, disruption of one component may have a negative, cascading effect on others. Cyber-attacks might include denial of service, theft or manipulation of data. Damage to critical infrastructure through a cyber-based attack could have a significant impact on the national security, the economy, and the livelihood and safety of many individual citizens. Traditionally cyber security has generally been viewed as being focused on higher level threats such as those against the internet or the Federal government. Little attention has been paid to cyber-security at the state and local level. However, these governmental units play a critical role in providing services to local residents and consequently are highly vulnerable to cyber-threats. The failure of these services, such as waste water collection and water supply, transportation, public safety, utility services, and communication services, would pose a great threat to the public. Featuring contributions from leading experts in the field, this volume is intended for state and local government officials and managers, state and Federal officials, academics, and public policy specialists.