Data On Federal Research And Development Investments
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Data On Federal Research And Development Investments
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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2010-01-27
Data On Federal Research And Development Investments written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-01-27 with Social Science categories.
Two surveys of the National Science Foundation's Division of Science Resources Statistics (SRS) provide some of the most significant data available to understand research and development spending and policy in the United States. These are the Survey of Federal Funds for Research and Development and the Survey of Federal Science and Engineering Support to Universities, Colleges, and Nonprofit Institutions. These surveys help reach conclusions about fundamental policy questions, such as whether a given field of research is adequately funded, whether funding is balanced among fields, and whether deficiencies in funding may be contributing to a loss of U.S. scientific or economic competitiveness. However, the survey data are of insufficient quality and timeliness to support many of the demands put on them. In addition the surveys are increasingly difficult to conduct in times of constrained resources, and their technological, procedural, and conceptual infrastructure has not been modernized for procedure or content. Data on Federal Research and Development Investments reviews the uses and collection of data on federal funds and federal support for science and technology and recommends future directions for the program based on an assessment of these uses and the adequacy of the surveys. The book also considers the classification structure, or taxonomy, for the fields of science and engineering.
Measuring Research And Development Expenditures In The U S Economy
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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2004-12-15
Measuring Research And Development Expenditures In The U S Economy written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-12-15 with Political Science categories.
This report examines the portfolio of research and development (R&D) expenditure surveys at the National Science Foundation (NSF), identifying gaps and weaknesses and areas of missing coverage. The report takes an in-depth look at the definition of R&D, the needs and potential uses of NSF's R&D data by a variety of users, the goals of an integrated system of surveys and other data collection activities, and the quality of the data collected in the existing Science Resources Statistics surveys.
Reviews Of Data On Research Development
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Author : National Science Foundation (U.S.)
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1956
Reviews Of Data On Research Development written by National Science Foundation (U.S.) and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1956 with Endowment of research categories.
How Federal Spending For Infrastructure And Other Public Investments Affects The Economy
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Author : United States. Congressional Budget Office
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1991
How Federal Spending For Infrastructure And Other Public Investments Affects The Economy written by United States. Congressional Budget Office and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991 with Federal aid to research categories.
Measuring The Economic Impacts Of Federal Investments In Research
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011
Measuring The Economic Impacts Of Federal Investments In Research written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with categories.
Measuring the Economic Impacts of Federal Investments in Research evaluates approaches to measuring the returns on federal research investments. This report identifies new methodologies and metrics that can be developed and used for assessing returns on research across a wide range of fields (biomedical, information technology, energy, agriculture, environment, and other biological and physical sciences, etc.), while using one or more background papers that review current methodologies as a starting point for the discussion. It focuses on tools that are able to exploit available data in the relatively near term rather than on methodologies that may require substantial new data collection. Over the last several years, there has been a growing interest in policy circles in identifying the payoffs from federal agency research investments, especially in terms of economic growth, competitiveness, and jobs. The extraordinary increase in research expenditures under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) of 2009 and the President's commitment to science and technology (S & T) funding increases going forward have heightened the need for measuring the impacts of research investments. Without a credible analysis of their outcomes, the recent and proposed increases in S & T funding may not be sustained, especially given competing claims for federal funding and pressures to reduce projected federal budget deficits. Motivated by these needs and requirements, Measuring the Economic Impacts of Federal Investments in Research reviews and discusses the use of quantitative and qualitative data to evaluate the returns on federal research and development (R & D) investments. Despite the job-focused mandate of the current ARRA reporting requirements, the impact of S & T funding extend well beyond employment. For instance, federal funding in energy research may lead to innovations that would reduce energy costs at the household level, energy imports at the national level, and greenhouse gas emissions at the global level. In principle, these benefits can be measured as a return on research investments, with appropriate consideration of time lags to research outcomes and attribution to private as well as public expenditure. With appropriate metrics, the same could be true for benefits to public health, environmental quality, and food productivity and security. Federal funding of research leads to the development of human capital that is deployed in a variety of occupations with economic and social impacts. Research also produces information that is used in formal (e.g., regulatory and judicial) and informal (e.g., firm and consumer) decision making processes. In addition to reviewing the range of work (by academics, consultants, and research agencies themselves) that has been done in measuring research outcomes and providing a forum to discuss their methods, this report also considers the different methodologies used across fields of research (e.g., agriculture and energy research) to identifies which are applicable to a range of federal S & T funding.
The Federal Big Data Research And Development Strategic Plan
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Author : Executive Office of the President
language : en
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Release Date : 2016-10-02
The Federal Big Data Research And Development Strategic Plan written by Executive Office of the President and has been published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-10-02 with categories.
A primary objective of this document is to outline the key Big Data R&D strategies necessary to keep the Nation competitive in data science and innovation and to prepare for the data-intensive challenges of tomorrow. As a strategic plan, this document provides guidance for Federal agencies and policymakers in determining how to direct limited resources into activities that have the greatest potential to generate the greatest impact. The Plan profiles R&D areas that span multiple disciplines, surfacing intersections of common interest that could stimulate collaboration among researchers and technical experts in government, private industry, and academia. The Plan also offers ideas for decision makers to consider when deliberating about investments in Big Data in their respective domains. Additionally, this Plan is the Big Data SSG's response to Recommendation 11c of the 2015 review of NITRD by the President's Council of Advisors on Science and Technology (PCAST) to "coordinate a process to publish and publicly discuss periodically a research and coordination plan for its area of interest." The Plan is built around the following seven strategies that represent key areas of importance for Big Data research and development (R&D): Strategy 1: Create next-generation capabilities by leveraging emerging Big Data foundations, techniques, and technologies. Strategy 2: Support R&D to explore and understand trustworthiness of data and resulting knowledge, to make better decisions, enable breakthrough discoveries, and take confident action. Strategy 3: Build and enhance research cyberinfrastructure that enables Big Data innovation in support of agency missions. Strategy 4: Increase the value of data through policies that promote sharing and management of data. Strategy 5: Understand Big Data collection, sharing, and use with regard to privacy, security, and ethics. Strategy 6: Improve the national landscape for Big Data education and training to fulfill increasing demand for both deep analytical talent and analytical capacity for the broader workforce. Strategy 7: Create and enhance connections in the national Big Data innovation ecosystem.
Measuring The Science And Engineering Enterprise
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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2000-02-14
Measuring The Science And Engineering Enterprise written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000-02-14 with Political Science categories.
The science and engineering enterprise has continued to evolve, responding over the last decade to increased economic globalization, a post-cold war military, federal budget fluctuations, and structural changes in the way science and engineering are conducted and innovations are adopted. This report suggests ways to revise the data collection activities of the Science Resources Studies Division (SRS) of the National Science Foundation to better capture the current realities of R&D funding and S&E human resources. The report's recommendations would improve the relevance of the data on graduate education, the labor market for scientists and engineers, and the funding and conduct of research and development, and thus better meet the data needs of policymakers, managers, and researchers.
The Economic Effects Of Federal Spending On Infrastructure And Other Investments
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Author : Melissa Burman
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1998
The Economic Effects Of Federal Spending On Infrastructure And Other Investments written by Melissa Burman and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998 with Government spending policy categories.
Written in response to a request from the Senate Committee on the Budget, this paper reviews the available data on the economic value of federal investments in infrastructure, education and training, and R&D. It focuses on the empirical evidence produced since July 1991, when CBO last analyzed the issue in the study "How federal spending for infrastructure and other public investments affects the economy."
The Measurement Of Scientific Technological And Innovation Activities Frascati Manual 2015 Guidelines For Collecting And Reporting Data On Research And Experimental Development
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Author : OECD
language : en
Publisher: OECD Publishing
Release Date : 2015-10-08
The Measurement Of Scientific Technological And Innovation Activities Frascati Manual 2015 Guidelines For Collecting And Reporting Data On Research And Experimental Development written by OECD and has been published by OECD Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-10-08 with categories.
The internationally recognised methodology for collecting and using R&D statistics, the OECD's Frascati Manual is an essential tool for statisticians and science and innovation policy makers worldwide. It includes definitions of basic concepts, data collection guidelines, and classifications ...
Using Federal R D To Promote Commercial Innovation
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Author : Daniel P. Kaplan
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1988
Using Federal R D To Promote Commercial Innovation written by Daniel P. Kaplan and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1988 with Competition, International categories.