Decentralization Counterinsurgency And Conflict Recurrence A Study Of The Tuareg Uprisings In Mali And Niger
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Decentralization Counterinsurgency And Conflict Recurrence A Study Of The Tuareg Uprisings In Mali And Niger
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Author : Naval Postgraduate School
language : en
Publisher: CreateSpace
Release Date : 2014-03-29
Decentralization Counterinsurgency And Conflict Recurrence A Study Of The Tuareg Uprisings In Mali And Niger written by Naval Postgraduate School and has been published by CreateSpace this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-03-29 with History categories.
A comparative study of Mali and Niger to determine possible differences that may have influenced the path of the 2012 Tuareg rebellion. Specifically, it seeks to determine if (1) the degree of governmental decentralization achieved after multiple peace agreements led to less government control in one country over the other, and (2) the counterinsurgency strategies applied by each country during previous rebellions could have led the rebels to believe Mali would be a softer target to attack than Niger. The evidence indicates that despite an earlier start and an intense public relations campaign, Mali did not achieve a significantly different level of decentralization than Niger by 2011, removing it as a possible influence on the 2012 rebellion. Both countries created new community level governments charged with administering all aspects of civil services but lacked the revenue to operate without international assistance. The difference in counterinsurgency strategies between the two countries, however, is stark. Mali's habitual willingness to compromise with past rebel groups contrasts greatly with Niger's insistence on seeking a military solution to conflicts, giving the 2012 rebels a logical indication of where success would be more likely.
The Sage Encyclopedia Of World Poverty
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Author : Mehmet Odekon
language : en
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Release Date : 2015-06-15
The Sage Encyclopedia Of World Poverty written by Mehmet Odekon and has been published by SAGE Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-06-15 with Social Science categories.
The SAGE Encyclopedia of World Poverty, Second Edition addresses the persistence of poverty across the globe while updating and expanding the landmark work, Encyclopedia of World Poverty, originally published in 2006 prior to the economic calamities of 2008. For instance, while continued high rates of income inequality might be unsurprising in developing countries such as Mexico, the Organization of Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) reported in May 2013 even countries with historically low levels of income inequality have experienced significant increases over the past decade, including Denmark, Sweden, and Germany. The U.N. and the World Bank also emphasize the persistent nature of the problem. It is not all bad news. In March 2013, the Guardian newspaper reported, "Some of the poorest people in the world are becoming significantly less poor, according to a groundbreaking academic study which has taken a new approach to measuring deprivation. The report, by Oxford University’s poverty and human development initiative, predicts that countries among the most impoverished in the world could see acute poverty eradicated within 20 years if they continue at present rates." On the other hand, the U.N. says environmental threats from climate change could push billions more into extreme poverty in coming decades. All of these points lead to the need for a revised, updated, and expanded edition of the Encyclopedia of World Poverty. Key Features: 775 evaluated and updated and 175 entirely new entries New Reader’s Guide categories Signed articles, with cross-references Further Readings will be accompanied by pedagogical elements Updated Chronology, Resource Guide, Glossary, and thorough new Index The SAGE Encyclopedia of World Poverty, Second Edition is a dependable source for students and researchers who are researching world poverty, making it a must-have reference for all academic libraries.
The Sage International Encyclopedia Of Travel And Tourism
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Author : Linda L. Lowry
language : en
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Release Date : 2016-09-01
The Sage International Encyclopedia Of Travel And Tourism written by Linda L. Lowry and has been published by SAGE Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-09-01 with Business & Economics categories.
Taking a global and multidisciplinary approach, The SAGE International Encyclopedia of Travel and Tourism brings together a team of international scholars to examine the travel and tourism industry, which is expected to grow at an annual rate of four percent for the next decade. In more than 500 entries spanning four comprehensive volumes, the Encyclopedia examines the business of tourism around the world paying particular attention to the social, economic, environmental, and policy issues at play. The book examines global, regional, national, and local issues including transportation, infrastructure, the environment, and business promotion. By looking at travel trends and countries large and small, the Encyclopedia analyses a wide variety of challenges and opportunities facing the industry. In taking a comprehensive and global approach, the Encyclopedia approaches the field of travel and tourism through the numerous disciplines it reaches, including the traditional tourism administration curriculum within schools of business and management, economics, public policy, as well as social science disciplines such as the anthropology and sociology. Key features include: More than 500 entries authored and signed by key academics in the field Entries on individual countries that details the health of the tourism industry, policy and planning approaches, promotion efforts, and primary tourism draws. Additional entries look at major cities and popular destinations Coverage of travel trends such as culinary tourism, wine tourism, agritourism, ecotourism, geotourism, slow tourism, heritage and cultural-based tourism, sustainable tourism, and recreation-based tourism Cross-references and further readings A Reader’s Guide grouping articles by disciplinary areas and broad themes
Conflict And Conflict Resolution In The Sahel The Tuareg Insurgency In Mali
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Author : Kalifa Keita
language : en
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
Release Date : 2022
Conflict And Conflict Resolution In The Sahel The Tuareg Insurgency In Mali written by Kalifa Keita and has been published by DIANE Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022 with categories.
World Development Report 2011
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Author : World Bank
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2011-05-01
World Development Report 2011 written by World Bank and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-05-01 with Business & Economics categories.
The 2011 WDR on Conflict, Security and Development underlines the devastating impact of persistent conflict on a country or region's development prospects - noting that the 1.5 billion people living in conflict-affected areas are twice as likely to be in poverty. Its goal is to contribute concrete, practical suggestions on conflict and fragility.
West African Studies An Atlas Of The Sahara Sahel Geography Economics And Security
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Author : OECD
language : en
Publisher: OECD Publishing
Release Date : 2014-12-19
West African Studies An Atlas Of The Sahara Sahel Geography Economics And Security written by OECD and has been published by OECD Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-12-19 with categories.
This book explains the structure and geographical and organisational mobility of criminal and migratory movements in the Sahara and the Sahel with a view to helping establish better development strategies for the region.
Pathways For Peace
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Author : United Nations;World Bank
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2018-04-13
Pathways For Peace written by United Nations;World Bank and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-04-13 with Political Science categories.
Violent conflicts today are complex and increasingly protracted, involving more nonstate groups and regional and international actors. It is estimated that by 2030—the horizon set by the international community for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals—more than half of the world’s poor will be living in countries affected by high levels of violence. Information and communication technology, population movements, and climate change are also creating shared risks that must be managed at both national and international levels. Pathways for Peace is a joint United Nations†“World Bank Group study that originates from the conviction that the international community’s attention must urgently be refocused on prevention. A scaled-up system for preventive action would save between US$5 billion and US$70 billion per year, which could be reinvested in reducing poverty and improving the well-being of populations. The study aims to improve the way in which domestic development processes interact with security, diplomacy, mediation, and other efforts to prevent conflicts from becoming violent. It stresses the importance of grievances related to exclusion—from access to power, natural resources, security and justice, for example—that are at the root of many violent conflicts today. Based on a review of cases in which prevention has been successful, the study makes recommendations for countries facing emerging risks of violent conflict as well as for the international community. Development policies and programs must be a core part of preventive efforts; when risks are high or building up, inclusive solutions through dialogue, adapted macroeconomic policies, institutional reform, and redistributive policies are required. Inclusion is key, and preventive action needs to adopt a more people-centered approach that includes mainstreaming citizen engagement. Enhancing the participation of women and youth in decision making is fundamental to sustaining peace, as well as long-term policies to address the aspirations of women and young people.
Achieving Peace In Northern Mali
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Author : Stephanie Pezard
language : en
Publisher: Rand Corporation
Release Date : 2015-04-28
Achieving Peace In Northern Mali written by Stephanie Pezard and has been published by Rand Corporation this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-04-28 with History categories.
This report examines prospects for stabilization in Mali; Mali's peace settlements since the early 1990s; factors contributing to stability in Mali's neighbor, Niger; and whether Niger might offer lessons for Mali.
The Future Of African Peace Operations
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Author : Cedric De Coning
language : en
Publisher: Zed Books Ltd.
Release Date : 2016-03-15
The Future Of African Peace Operations written by Cedric De Coning and has been published by Zed Books Ltd. this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-03-15 with Political Science categories.
Facing threats ranging from Islamist insurgencies to the Ebola pandemic, African regional actors are playing an increasingly vital role in safeguarding peace and stability across the continent. But while the African Union has demonstrated its ability to deploy forces on short notice and in difficult circumstances, the challenges posed by increasingly complex conflict zones have revealed a widening divide between the theory and practice of peacekeeping. With the AU's African Standby Force becoming fully operational in 2016, this timely and much-needed work argues that responding to these challenges will require a new and distinctively African model of peacekeeping, as well as a radical revision of the current African security framework. The first book to provide a comprehensive overview and analysis of African peace operations, The Future of African Peace Operations gives a long overdue assessment of the ways in which peacekeeping on the continent has evolved over the past decade. It will be a vital resource for policy makers, researchers and all those seeking solutions and insights into the immense security challenges which Africa is facing today.
Militias Rebels And Islamist Militants
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Author : Wafula Okumu
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010
Militias Rebels And Islamist Militants written by Wafula Okumu and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with Insurgency categories.