Deep Subsurface Microbiology
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Deep Subsurface Microbiology
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Author : Andreas Teske
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2015-07-01
Deep Subsurface Microbiology written by Andreas Teske and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-07-01 with Microbiology categories.
Deep subsurface microbiology is a highly active and rapidly advancing research field at the interface of microbiology and the geosciences; it focuses on the detection, identification, quantification, cultivation and activity measurements of bacteria, archaea and eukaryotes that permeate the subsurface biosphere of deep marine sediments and the basaltic ocean and continental crust. The deep subsurface biosphere abounds with uncultured, only recently discovered and – at best - incompletely understood microbial populations. In spatial extent and volume, Earth's subsurface biosphere is only rivaled by the deep sea water column. So far, no deep subsurface sediment has been found that is entirely devoid of microbial life; microbial cells and DNA remain detectable at sediment depths of more than 1 km; microbial life permeates deeply buried hydrocarbon reservoirs, and is also found several kilometers down in continental crust aquifers. Severe energy limitation, either as electron acceptor or donor shortage, and scarcity of microbially degradable organic carbon sources are among the evolutionary pressures that have shaped the genomic and physiological repertoire of the deep subsurface biosphere. Its biogeochemical role as long-term organic carbon repository, inorganic electron and energy source, and subduction recycling engine continues to be explored by current research at the interface of microbiology, geochemistry and biosphere/geosphere evolution. This Research Topic addresses some of the central research questions about deep subsurface microbiology and biogeochemistry: phylogenetic and physiological microbial diversity in the deep subsurface; microbial activity and survival strategies in severely energy-limited subsurface habitats; microbial activity as reflected in process rates and gene expression patterns; biogeographic isolation and connectivity in deep subsurface microbial communities; the ecological standing of subsurface biospheres in comparison to the surface biosphere – an independently flourishing biosphere, or mere survivors that tolerate burial (along with organic carbon compounds), or a combination of both? Advancing these questions on Earth’s deep subsurface biosphere redefines the habitat range, environmental tolerance, activity and diversity of microbial life.
Microbiology Of The Terrestrial Deep Subsurface
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Author : Penny S. Amy
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2018-01-10
Microbiology Of The Terrestrial Deep Subsurface written by Penny S. Amy and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-01-10 with Science categories.
Obtaining and analyzing samples is challenging in subsurface science. This first-of-its-kind reference book addresses accomplishments in this field-from drilling to sample work-up. A collaborative approach is taken, involving the efforts of microbiologists, geochemists, hydrologists, and drilling and mining experts to present a comprehensive view of subsurface research. The text provides practical information about obtaining, analyzing, and evaluating subsurface materials; the current status of subsurface microbial ecology; and describes several applications that will interest a variety of readers, including engineers, physical, and life scientists.
Deep Subsurface Microbiology And Energetics
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Author : Alberto Robador
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2025-05-27
Deep Subsurface Microbiology And Energetics written by Alberto Robador and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2025-05-27 with Science categories.
The role of deeply buried microbes is far more important than has been previously presumed. Comprehensive studies of deep subsurface microbiology have revealed not only cell abundances that match previous estimates in surface environments, but most importantly, have demonstrated the viability of these microbes and their essential roles in operating and maintaining global biogeochemical cycles. The deep subsurface biosphere refers to the vast ecosystems of microorganisms that exist within marine subseafloor sediments and the oceanic crust, as well as continental subterranean environments. They are estimated to contain a significant portion of the total biomass on Earth and are comprised of diverse microbial taxa including bacteria, archaea, protists, and fungi that survive in environments that are often extremely energy-limited. Due to the unique characteristics of these ecosystems, deep subsurface microorganisms are often distinct from those found in surface environments and laboratory strains. They are becoming a crucial topic of research for their unusual adaptations to energy limitation and their important interactions with the geosphere. Despite its size and significance, however, the deep biosphere remains largely understudied. One of the main gaps in our knowledge is the extent of microbial biogeochemical activity across the physicochemical gradients that characterize deep biosphere extreme ecosystems. This is due, in large part, to the high uncertainty in metabolic rate estimates and unknown systematic biases due to data scarcity. Bioenergetic studies have provided a conceptual framework for understanding the complexity of microbial metabolism within various spatial and temporal scales. However, our knowledge of energy metabolism in the deep biosphere is hindered by inadequate methodology for energy flux quantification and incomplete data of the actual energy parameters associated with subsurface microbes, many of which are novel and uncharacterized species. Despite these gaps, research on the deep biosphere continues to provide new insights into the function of these unique microbial communities and their potential to reach and impact the chemical economy of the overlying ecosystems. The aim of this Research Topic is to open a new perspective on the biotic/abiotic interface in extreme microbiology. We invite contributions from scientists working in diverse disciplines who have a common interest in various aspects of the study of microorganisms that live in energy-limited deep subsurface environments. This can include research on the diversity, activity, genetic repertoire, and expression of subsurface microbial communities and their resulting biogeochemical activity. We encourage the submission of manuscripts focusing on recent advances in deep biosphere studies by using both empirical and theoretical approaches. Articles in this Research Topic are dedicated to commemorating the late Jan Amend, whose pioneering work significantly advanced our understanding of microbial life in deep subsurface environments. Amend's contributions not only challenged existing notions about the limits of life but also provided key insights into the survival strategies of microbes in energy-limited settings, continuing to inspire and guide current research in extreme microbiology.
The Deep Hot Biosphere
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Author : Thomas Gold
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-12-01
The Deep Hot Biosphere written by Thomas Gold and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-12-01 with Science categories.
This book sets forth a set of truly controversial and astonishing theories: First, it proposes that below the surface of the earth is a biosphere of greater mass and volume than the biosphere the total sum of living things on our planet's continents and in its oceans. Second, it proposes that the inhabitants of this subterranean biosphere are not plants or animals as we know them, but heat-loving bacteria that survive on a diet consisting solely of hydrocarbons that is, natural gas and petroleum. And third and perhaps most heretically, the book advances the stunning idea that most hydrocarbons on Earth are not the byproduct of biological debris ("fossil fuels"), but were a common constituent of the materials from which the earth itself was formed some 4.5 billion years ago. The implications are astounding. The theory proposes answers to often-asked questions: Is the deep hot biosphere where life originated, and do Mars and other seemingly barren planets contain deep biospheres? Evenmore provocatively, is it possible that there is an enormous store of hydrocarbons upwelling from deep within the earth that can provide us with abundant supplies of gas and petroleum? However far-fetched these ideas seem, they are supported by a growing body of evidence, and by the indisputable stature and seriousness Gold brings to any scientific debate. In this book we see a brilliant and boldly original thinker, increasingly a rarity in modern science, as he develops potentially revolutionary ideas about how our world works.
Deep Life
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Author : Tullis C. Onstott
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2017
Deep Life written by Tullis C. Onstott and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with Science categories.
APPENDIX A: Chronology of the Exploration of Subsurface Life -- APPENDIX B: Chronology of the Meeting of the U.S. DOE's SSP Meetings -- NOTES -- REFERENCES -- INDEX
Manual Of Environmental Microbiology
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Author : Christon J. Hurst
language : en
Publisher: American Society for Microbiology Press
Release Date : 2007-05-14
Manual Of Environmental Microbiology written by Christon J. Hurst and has been published by American Society for Microbiology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-05-14 with Science categories.
The most definitive manual of microbes in air, water, and soil and their impact on human health and welfare. • Incorporates a summary of the latest methodology used to study the activity and fate of microorganisms in various environments. • Synthesizes the latest information on the assessment of microbial presence and microbial activity in natural and artificial environments. • Features a section on biotransformation and biodegradation. • Serves as an indispensable reference for environmental microbiologists, microbial ecologists, and environmental engineers, as well as those interested in human diseases, water and wastewater treatment, and biotechnology.
Environmental Microbiology And Microbial Ecology
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Author : Larry L. Barton
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2019-01-09
Environmental Microbiology And Microbial Ecology written by Larry L. Barton and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-01-09 with Science categories.
An authoritative overview of the ecological activities of microbes in the biosphere Environmental Microbiology and Microbial Ecology presents a broad overview of microbial activity and microbes' interactions with their environments and communities. Adopting an integrative approach, this text covers both conventional ecological issues as well as cross-disciplinary investigations that combine facets of microbiology, ecology, environmental science and engineering, molecular biology, and biochemistry. Focusing primarily on single-cell forms of prokaryotes — and cellular forms of algae, fungi, and protozoans — this book enables readers to gain insight into the fundamental methodologies for the characterization of microorganisms in the biosphere. The authors draw from decades of experience to examine the environmental processes mediated by microorganisms and explore the interactions between microorganisms and higher life forms. Highly relevant to modern readers, this book examines topics including the ecology of microorganisms in engineered environments, microbial phylogeny and interactions, microbial processes in relation to environmental pollution, and many more. Now in its second edition, this book features updated references and major revisions to chapters on assessing microbial communities, community relationships, and their global impact. New content such as effective public communication of research findings and advice on scientific article review equips readers with practical real-world skills. Explores the activities of microorganisms in specific environments with case studies and actual research data Highlights how prominent microbial biologists address significant microbial ecology issues Offers guidance on scientific communication, including scientific presentations and grant preparation Includes plentiful illustrations and examples of microbial interactions, community structures, and human-bacterial connections Provides chapter summaries, review questions, selected reading lists, a complete glossary, and critical thinking exercises Environmental Microbiology and Microbial Ecology is an ideal textbook for graduate and advanced undergraduate courses in biology, microbiology, ecology, and environmental science, while also serving as a current and informative reference for microbiologists, cell and molecular biologists, ecologists, and environmental professionals.
Subsurface Microbiology And Biogeochemistry
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Author : James K. Fredrickson
language : en
Publisher: Wiley-Liss
Release Date : 2001-01-17
Subsurface Microbiology And Biogeochemistry written by James K. Fredrickson and has been published by Wiley-Liss this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001-01-17 with Science categories.
Until recently, much of our understanding of microorganisms in the subsurface was largely a matter of speculation. Recent advances in technology and methodology have enabled the discovery and study of microorganisms in deep subsurface environments. Researchers are now able to explore relationships between microbial physiology, taxonomy, and genetics, and the environment of these microorganisms, including geochemical, geological, and hydrological properties. Subsurface Microbiology and Biogeochemistry is a necessary learning tool that focuses on the integration of microbiology and the geosciences. The subsurface environment provides numerous niches for microorganisms and this book presents research in subsurface microbiology in addition to providing an understanding of the broad range and diversity of the previously "hidden" subterranean organisms. Contributing chapters from experts in their respective disciplines discuss the results of deep subsurface microbiology studies and enlighten the reader as to how the subsurface environment has grown to represent a true frontier for microbiological research. Subsurface Microbiology and Biogeochemistry reviews an important topic that is at the vanguard of subsurface environment studies with implications on the search for life on other planets. The discovery of subsurface microorganisms creates a multitude of opportunities for microbiologists and engineers in academia and biotechnology, with this book at the forefront of essential reading.
Links Between Geological Processes Microbial Activities Evolution Of Life
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Author : Yildirim Dilek
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2008-07-01
Links Between Geological Processes Microbial Activities Evolution Of Life written by Yildirim Dilek and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-07-01 with Science categories.
Microbial activities influence water-rock interaction processes and chemical transport between the major geochemical reservoirs and the formation/transformation of minerals and rocks, whereas geological processes and geochemical controls influence the microbial ecology in extreme environments. How biological activity influences geological processes and what role these processes played in the geological evolution of the Earth are fundamental questions. How do we recognize the ancient microbial activities in the rock record and what analytical methods do we use to document them to better understand the evolution of life? Can we detect the existence of microbial life in deep time by studying Archaean rocks? Microbial systems in extreme environments and in the deep biosphere may be analogous to potential life on other planetary bodies and hence may be used to investigate the possibilities of extraterrestrial life. This book explores these questions in an interdisciplinary approach, and examines the mode and nature of links between geological processes and microbial activities and their significance for the origin and evolution of life on the Earth and possibly on other planets.
Geomicrobes Life In Terrestrial Deep Subsurface
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Author : Malin Bomberg
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2017-07-17
Geomicrobes Life In Terrestrial Deep Subsurface written by Malin Bomberg and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-07-17 with categories.
The deep subsurface is, in addition to space, one of the last unknown frontiers to human kind. A significant part of life on Earth resides in the deep subsurface, hiding great potential of microbial life of which we know only little. The conditions in the deep terrestrial subsurface are thought to resemble those of early Earth, which makes this environment an analog for studying early life in addition to possible extraterrestrial life in ultra-extreme conditions. Early microorganisms played a great role in shaping the conditions on the young Earth. Even today deep subsurface microorganisms interact with their geological environment transforming the conditions in the groundwater and on rock surfaces. Essential elements for life are richly present but in difficultly accessible form. The elements driving the microbial deep life is still not completely identified. Most of the microorganisms detected by novel molecular techniques still lack cultured representatives. Nevertheless, using modern sequencing techniques and bioinformatics the functional roles of these microorganisms are being revealed. We are starting to see the differences and similarities between the life in the deep subsurface and surface domains. We may even begin to see the function of evolution by comparing deep life to life closer to the surface of Earth. Deep life consists of organisms from all known domains of life. This Research Topic reveals some of the rich diversity and functional properties of the great biomass residing in the deep dark subsurface.