Degradation Of Plastics
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Degradation Of Plastics
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Author : Inamuddin
language : en
Publisher: Materials Research Forum LLC
Release Date : 2021-05-20
Degradation Of Plastics written by Inamuddin and has been published by Materials Research Forum LLC this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-05-20 with Technology & Engineering categories.
The degradation of plastics is most important for the removal and recycling of plastic wastes. The book presents a comprehensive overview of the field. Topics covered include plastic degradation methods, mechanistic actions, biodegradation, involvement of enzymes, photocatalytic degradation and the use of cyanobacteria. Also covered are the market of degradable plastics and the environmental implications. Keywords: Degradable Plastics, Bioplastics, Biodegradable Plastics, Enzymes, Cyanobacteria, Photocatalytic Degradation, Wastewater Treatment, Degradable Plastic Market, Polyethylene, Polypropylene, Polystyrene, Polyvinyl Chloride, Polyurethane, and Polyethylene Terephthalate.
Microbial Degradation Of Plastics
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Author : Ren Wei
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2021-03-16
Microbial Degradation Of Plastics written by Ren Wei and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-03-16 with Science categories.
Advanced Strategies For Biodegradation Of Plastic Polymers
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Author : Ravindra Soni
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date :
Advanced Strategies For Biodegradation Of Plastic Polymers written by Ravindra Soni and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with categories.
Biodegradability Of Conventional Plastics
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Author : Anjana Sarkar
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2022-09-13
Biodegradability Of Conventional Plastics written by Anjana Sarkar and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-09-13 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Biodegradability of Conventional Plastics: Opportunities, Challenges, and Misconceptions brings together innovative research on the biodegradability of conventional plastics, providing an extensive overview of approaches and strategies that may be implemented, while also highlighting other methods for alleviating the eventual environmental impact of plastics. The book begins by providing a lifecycle assessment of plastics, the environmental impact of plastic waste, and the factors that affect the biodegradability of plastics. The different categories and terminologies surrounding bio-based plastics and biodegradable plastics are then defined and explained in detail, as are the issues surrounding bioplastics. Other sections discuss biodegradability, approaches for enhanced biodegradability of various major types of plastics, including polyolefins, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polystyrene, poly(vinyl chloride), automotive plastics and composites, and agricultural plastic waste. The final part of the book focuses on further techniques and emerging areas, including the utilization of chemical additives, nanomaterials, the role of microbes in terms of microbial degradation and microbial attaching, revalorization of plastic waste through industrial biotechnology, and future opportunities and challenges. Explains the fundamentals of plastic waste, lifecycle assessment and factors that influence the biodegradability of plastics Provides novel techniques for improved biodegradability, exploring areas such as pre-treatment, chemical additives, nanomaterials and microbial degradation Addresses current challenges and limitations in relation to bio-based and biodegradable plastics, microplastics and nanoplastics from bioplastics and plastic waste
Handbook Of Biodegradable Polymers
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Author : Catia Bastioli
language : en
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Release Date : 2020-03-09
Handbook Of Biodegradable Polymers written by Catia Bastioli and has been published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-03-09 with Science categories.
This handbook covers characteristics, processability and application areas of biodegradable polymers, with key polymer family groups discussed. It explores the role of biodegradable polymers in different waste management practices including anaerobic digestion, and considers topics such as the different types of biorefineries for renewable monomers used in producing the building blocks for biodegradable polymers.
Conservation Of Plastics
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Author : Yvonne Shashoua
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2012-06-25
Conservation Of Plastics written by Yvonne Shashoua and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-06-25 with Antiques & Collectibles categories.
Plastic objects are included more than ever in museums and galleries collections these days, but these items can start to deteriorate when they a just a few years old. In this book Yvonne Shashoua provides the essential knowledge needed to keep plastic pieces in the best possible condition so that they can continue to be enjoyed for many years. The historical development of plastics, as well as the technology, their physical and chemical properties, identification, degradation and conservation are all clearly and concisely covered within this single volume, making it an invaluable reference for the increasing number of conservators and curators that are encountering plastics in their day to day work.
Biodegradation Of Plastics
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Author : Zhanyong Wang
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2023-11-21
Biodegradation Of Plastics written by Zhanyong Wang and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-11-21 with Science categories.
The consumption of plastic products has increased significantly with the rapid development of the global economy. The total output of virgin plastics has already reached eight billion tons, and the annual global plastic consumption has reached 2.8 billion tons. In parallel with this high consumption rate, a staggering amount of plastic waste is generated annually. As a consequence of incorrect disposal of waste plastics and plastic longevity, this plastic waste is accumulating in the environment at an increasing rate. Moreover, since most plastic waste is corrosion resistant, these plastics do not decompose in the natural environment and can cause serious environmental pollution. In particular, petroleum-based synthetic polymers, including polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, and polyurethanes need hundreds of years to completely degrade in the natural environment. Moreover, although some aliphatic polyesters, such as polybutylene succinate, polycaprolactone, and polylactic acid are considered biodegradable, degradation of these plastics occurs only under specific microorganism activity and under specific conditions. Sometimes the apparent degradation is initiated by hydrolytic activity and not microorganism or enzymatic activity. Large-scale synthesis and application of plastics only began after 1950. Hence, the time span of plastic exposure in the environment has been too short for the adaptive evolution of natural microorganisms. Indeed, natural microorganisms showing high specificity for plastics and a high degradation efficiency are extremely scarce. Because of the inability of most natural microorganisms to recognize and degrade plastics, enzymes that can specifically degrade plastics are also scarce. Many of the enzymes which are known have either an unclear mechanism of the action on the polymer, a poor affinity for their substrates, a low efficiency, or enzyme production yield is currently low. To address these problems, new biotechnology strategies need to be implemented. In particular, new microorganisms and their enzymes need to be identified, and pathways for plastic degradation and molecular modification need to be clarified to enhance the activity and stability of the degrading enzymes. The current Research Topic aims to cover the recent and novel research trends in the development of plastics biodegradation (including petroleum-based plastics and bio-based plastics) under soil, composted, microbial and enzymatic conditions. The recycling technology of degraded products is also of interest.
Failure Of Plastics And Rubber Products
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Author : D. Wright
language : en
Publisher: iSmithers Rapra Publishing
Release Date : 2001-06
Failure Of Plastics And Rubber Products written by D. Wright and has been published by iSmithers Rapra Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001-06 with Science categories.
Plastics and rubbers together make up the most adaptable and varied class of materials available to product designers. They may be transparent or opaque, rigid or flexible, lightweight, insulating, and weatherproof. They are used in almost every industry, and in every part of the home. Applications range from the humble hot water bottle to the sheathing on a high voltage cable, and from a simple scrubbing brush to a tank for storing hydrochloric acid. Products may be disposable (e.g. packaging goods) or intended to last for decades, such as a buried sewage pipe. However, it is this very diversity which makes materials selection so difficult, and appropriate design so important. Indeed the one thing that all these particular products have in common is their presence in this book of failures. Failures due to degradation may result from exposure to the weather or an aggressive operating environment. Alternatively they may be caused by the introduction of an external agent unforeseen by the product designer. They may be rapid or very slow, and they may result from a combination of factors. In this book Dr. Wright describes the following mechanisms of polymer degradation, and then illustrates each failure mechanism with a number of case studies: Thermo-oxidation, Photo-oxidation, Degradation due to ionising radiation, Chemical attack, Environmental stress cracking, Other miscellaneous effects, including treeing, electrochemical degradation and biodegradation. Many of the case studies are based on Dr. Wrights own experiences whilst working at Rapra. In each case he describes the circumstances of the failure, and discusses both the consequences of the failure and the lessons that may be learned from it. Most of the failed products are familiar to us all, and his style is both readable and informative. Photographs are included where available. The book will be essential reading for designers, engineers, product specifiers and forensic engineers. Materials suppliers and processors will also benefit from the pragmatic analysis and advice it contains. It will also be of value to all students of polymer science and technology, providing an essential insight into the practical application of plastics and rubbers and the potential problems. Finally, it will be of interest to a much broader readership, including anyone who ever wondered why things break, and it should become a standard reference work in all technical libraries. This book was written with the support of the UK Department of Trade and Industry. It is intended to raise awareness of the causes and consequences of polymer product failures, in order to reduce the future incidences of such failures, and their considerable costs to industry
Advances In Biodegradable Polymers
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Author : G. F. Moore
language : en
Publisher: iSmithers Rapra Publishing
Release Date : 1998-02
Advances In Biodegradable Polymers written by G. F. Moore and has been published by iSmithers Rapra Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998-02 with Science categories.
In this report the factors which influence biodegradation are first explained. Methods of testing and evaluating biodegradation are then described and compared. The principles, relative costs and practical applications of specific tests are outlined together with the position with respect to recognised standards. The range of biodegradable polymers and polymer blends is then described, including natural and synthetic products. An additional indexed section containing several hundred abstracts from the Rapra Polymer Library database provides useful references for further reading.
Degradable Materials
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Author : Sumner A. Barenberg
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2018-01-18
Degradable Materials written by Sumner A. Barenberg and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-01-18 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book addresses the fields of biodegradation, environmental degradation, and photochemical degradation. The purpose of the book is to establish guidelines for terminology, nomenclature, characterization techniques and methodology, mechanisms of degradation, standard reference materials, and issues and needs. This is the first scientific book of this nature based on the findings of the world's leading scientists (academic, industrial, and federal) in this field. Hard data is presented and soft data is identified under issues and needs. New areas covered are such topics as: biodegradation with in vivo applications, environmental degradation, including anaerobic, aerobic, characterization techniques and methodology, photochemical degradation, and secondary issues associated with degradation. This publication contains information vital to environmental scientists and engineers, biomaterials scientists, pharmaceutical technologists, and chemists.