Der Zusammenhang Zwischen Demokratie Und Entwicklung In Anlehnung An Amartya Sen
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Der Zusammenhang Zwischen Demokratie Und Entwicklung In Anlehnung An Amartya Sen
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Author : Theresia Schnell
language : de
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Release Date : 2004-07-13
Der Zusammenhang Zwischen Demokratie Und Entwicklung In Anlehnung An Amartya Sen written by Theresia Schnell and has been published by GRIN Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-07-13 with Political Science categories.
Studienarbeit aus dem Jahr 2004 im Fachbereich Politik - Politische Theorie und Ideengeschichte, Note: 2,0, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg (Institut für politische Wissenschaft), Veranstaltung: Politische und soziale Gerechtigkeit, Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: [...] Amartya Sen wendet sich mit seinem Werk „Development as Freedom“2 gegen diese Auffassung von Entwicklung. Er versteht Entwicklung als „Prozeß der Erweiterung realer Freiheiten“3. Er bestreitet nicht, daß ein wachsendes Bruttoinlandsprodukt ein wichtiges Mittel zur Erweiterung der Freiheiten sein kann, betont aber, daß diese ökonomischen Faktoren nur ein Teil dessen sind, was Freiheiten prägen. Vieles von dem, was Sen in seinem Werk als essentiell für die Erweiterung von Freiheit sieht, läßt sich implizit oder explizit unter Demokratie zusammenfassen. Demokratie sollte nicht nur abstrakt auf Generalisierung und Formalisierung der Willensbildung gerichtete Prozesse, wie freie, gleiche und geheime Wahlen, garantieren, sondern auch den Boden bereiten für weiter gefaßte Partizipationsformen. Den betroffenen Individuen sollte die Möglichkeit gegeben sein, auf den Entwicklungsprozeß Einfluß zu nehmen. Bürgerliche und politische Freiheiten einer Demokratie sollten eine Umwelt fördern mit weniger Restriktionen, die Aneignung von Kenntnissen im Bereich des technologischen Wandels, die Bewegungsfreiheit und damit den Austausch mit anderen betreffend. All dies sind Voraussetzungen für die Entstehung von Unternehmen und Märkten und damit für Entwicklung. Trotzdem ist die Annahme eines positiven Zusammenhangs zwischen Demokratie und Entwicklung seit langem umstritten; wird doch oft gefordert, zunächst durch Unterdrückung der bürgerlichen und politischen Rechte das wirtschaftliche Wachstum zu fördern und dann erst die Entwicklung einer Demokratie, die nach dieser Ansicht das Wirtschaftswachstum hemmt, voranzutreiben. Die vorliegende Arbeit untersucht in Anlehnung an Amartya Sen durch die Zusammenführung der verschiedenen Faktoren von Demokratie, ob es einen Zusammenhang zwischen Demokratie und Entwicklung gibt. Dazu werden im ersten Kapitel zunächst die als zentral angesehenen Begriffe Entwicklung, Demokratie und Partizipation geklärt, an denen sich diese Arbeit orientiert. Anschließend werden dann verschiedene Zusammenhänge zwischen Demokratie und Entwicklung beleuchtet, um im letzten Teil auf die Kritik an Sens Vorstellung, vor allem auf die sogenannte Lee- These und die These, daß aufgrund unterschiedlicher kultureller Hintergründe eine universelle Forderung nach Demokratie nicht zu vertreten ist, einzugehen. 2 Amarty Sen: Development as Freedom, Oxford 1999. 3 Vgl. ebd., S. 4.
How Reform Worked In China
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Author : Yingyi Qian
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 2017-11-24
How Reform Worked In China written by Yingyi Qian and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-11-24 with Business & Economics categories.
A noted Chinese economist examines the mechanisms behind China's economic reforms, arguing that universal principles and specific implementations are equally important. As China has transformed itself from a centrally planned economy to a market economy, economists have tried to understand and interpret the success of Chinese reform. As the Chinese economist Yingyi Qian explains, there are two schools of thought on Chinese reform: the “School of Universal Principles,” which ascribes China's successful reform to the workings of the free market, and the “School of Chinese Characteristics,” which holds that China's reform is successful precisely because it did not follow the economics of the market but instead relied on the government. In this book, Qian offers a third perspective, taking certain elements from each school of thought but emphasizing not why reform worked but how it did. Economics is a science, but economic reform is applied science and engineering. To a practitioner, it is more useful to find a feasible reform path than the theoretically best way. The key to understanding how reform has worked in China, Qian argues, is to consider the way reform designs respond to initial historical conditions and contemporary constraints. Qian examines the role of “transitional institutions”—not “best practice institutions” but “incentive-compatible institutions”—in Chinese reform; the dual-track approach to market liberalization; the ownership of firms, viewed both theoretically and empirically; government decentralization, offering and testing hypotheses about its link to local economic development; and the specific historical conditions of China's regional-based central planning.
The New Transnational Activism
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Author : Sidney G. Tarrow
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014-05-14
The New Transnational Activism written by Sidney G. Tarrow and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-05-14 with Coalitions categories.
This 2005 book argues that individuals move into transnational activism which links domestic to international politics.
Democracy And Development
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Author : Axel Hadenius
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 1992-09-17
Democracy And Development written by Axel Hadenius and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1992-09-17 with Political Science categories.
This book is a thorough investigation into the requisites of democracy. Based on data from all 132 sovereign states of the Third World, it first establishes a scale to measure the level of democracy existing in these countries. The author discusses various interpretations of the meaning of political democracy, and emerges with a specification of its essential principles which includes such elements as the holding of elections to central decision-making organs, and the maintenance of certain fundamental political liberties. Theories concerning the requisites of democratic government are then examined in order to explain the manifest differences in the level of democracy among the states of the Third World. The author employs statistical techniques including regression analysis to test theories related to socio-economic conditions, demographic and cultural factors, and institutional arrangements. This book thus provides a uniquely wide-ranging examination both of the elements which constitute democracy, and of the factors which explain its varying prevalence.
Prospects Of Democracy
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Author : Tatu Vanhanen
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2002-11
Prospects Of Democracy written by Tatu Vanhanen and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002-11 with History categories.
Vanhanen provides the most extensive comparative survey of the state and conditions of democracy ever made, with historical data and explanatory variables extending back to the 1850s, and with forecasts covering seven regions of the world.
A Theory Of Justice
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Author : John RAWLS
language : en
Publisher: Harvard University Press
Release Date : 2009-06-30
A Theory Of Justice written by John RAWLS and has been published by Harvard University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-06-30 with Philosophy categories.
Though the revised edition of A Theory of Justice, published in 1999, is the definitive statement of Rawls's view, so much of the extensive literature on Rawls's theory refers to the first edition. This reissue makes the first edition once again available for scholars and serious students of Rawls's work.
Rethinking Democracy
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Author : Leo Panitch
language : en
Publisher: NYU Press
Release Date : 2017-12-22
Rethinking Democracy written by Leo Panitch and has been published by NYU Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-12-22 with Political Science categories.
For years, intellectuals have argued that, with the triumph of capitalist, liberal democracy, the Western World has reached “the end of history.” Recently, however, there has been a rise of authoritarian politics in many countries. Concepts of post-democracy, anti-politics, and the like are gaining currency in theoretical and political debate. Now that capitalist democracies are facing seismic and systemic challenges, it becomes increasingly important to investigate not only the inherent antagonism between liberalism and the democratic process, but also socialism. Is socialism an enemy of democracy? Could socialism develop, expand, even enhance democracy? While this volume seeks a reappraisal of existing liberal democracy today, its main goal is to help lay the foundation for new visions and practices in developing a real socialist democracy. Amid the contradictions of neoliberal capitalism today, the responsibility to sort out the relationship between socialism and democracy has never been greater. No revival of socialist politics in the twenty-first century can occur without founding new democratic institutions and practices.
Poor Relatively Speaking
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Author : Amartya Kumar Sen
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1983
Poor Relatively Speaking written by Amartya Kumar Sen and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1983 with Poverty categories.
Compatible Cultural Democracy
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Author : Daniel T. Osabu-Kle
language : en
Publisher: Peterborough, Ont. : Broadview Press
Release Date : 2000-03
Compatible Cultural Democracy written by Daniel T. Osabu-Kle and has been published by Peterborough, Ont. : Broadview Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000-03 with Business & Economics categories.
Introduction : variants of democratic practice -- The great transplantation -- The post-independence problem -- Typical African political systems -- Towards the modification of African political culture -- Ghana : tactical action, socialism and the military -- Nigeria : oil, coups, and ethnic war -- Kenya : settler ideology and the struggle for Majimbo -- Tanzania : Ujamaa, compulsion, and the freedom of association -- Somalia : experiments with democracy, military rule, and socialism -- Senegal : from French colonialism to the failure of partisan politics -- Rwanda : from success astroy to human disaster -- Congo (Kinshasa) : "a most lethal poison."
Genetics And Ethics In Global Perspective
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Author : Dorothy C. Wertz
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Genetics And Ethics In Global Perspective written by Dorothy C. Wertz and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Medical categories.
Dorothy Wertz and John Fletcher pioneered the first international study of ethical and social issues in genetics in 18 nations. This book reports and discusses their second and more representative study in 36 nations. The survey focused on actual situations that occur in the practice of medical genetics, presented as case vignettes that can also be used in teaching and policy discussion. Among the issues discussed are privacy, prenatal diagnosis, patient autonomy, directiveness in counseling, sex selection, forensic DNA banking, "genetic discrimination," and "eugenics". This is Dorothy Wertz's final book, as she died in April, 2003. It is a one of a kind cross-cultural study of complex ethical issues in the uses of genetic information. No one else has attempted to look at the international aspects of medical genetics on such a broad scale. The results provide a resource for discussion both within and among nations. Much bioethical and policy discussion now occurs in an information vacuum. The survey showed that what people would do, and their reasons for doing it, differed considerably from what ethicists think they "should" do. Many will be surprised at the results, especially in nations where bioethical discussion is just beginning. Genetics and Ethics in Global Perspective is of interest to medical geneticists, genetic counselors, social scientists and anthropologists who study cross-cultural issues, bioethicists and bioethics centers and health policy makers.