Design Techniques For Ultra High Speed Time Interleaved Analog To Digital Converters

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Design Techniques For Ultra High Speed Time Interleaved Analog To Digital Converters

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Author : Yida Duan
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015

Design Techniques For Ultra High Speed Time Interleaved Analog To Digital Converters written by Yida Duan and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with categories.

Analog-to-Digital Converters (ADCs) serve as the interfaces between the analog natural world and the binary world of computer data. Due to this essential role, ADC circuits have been well studied over 40 years, and many problems associated with them have already been solved. However in recent years, a new species of ADCs has appeared, and since then attracted lots of attention. These are ultra-high-speed (often greater than 40GS/s) time-interleaved ADCs of low or medium resolution (around 6 to 8 bit) built in CMOS processes. Although such ADCs can be used in high-speed electronic measurement equipment and radar systems, the recent driving force behind them is next generation 100Gbps/400Gbps fiber optical transceivers. These transceivers take advantage of ultra-high-speed ADCs and digital-signal-processors (DSPs) to enable ultra-high data-rate communications in long-haul networks (city-to-city, transcontinental, and transoceanic fiber links), metro networks (fibers that connect enterprises in metropolitan areas), and data centers (fiber links within data center infrastructures). At such high sampling rate, massively time-interleaved successive-approximation ADC (SAR ADC) architecture has emerged as the dominant solution due to its excellent power efficiency. Several recent works has demonstrated success in achieving high sampling rate. However, the sampling network has become the bottleneck that limits the input bandwidth in these ADCs. It is apparent that conventional switch-based track-and-hold (T&H) circuit cannot satisfy the >20GHz bandwidth requirement. In addition, it is unclear what the optimal interleaving configuration is. Each state-of-the-art design adopts a different interleaving configuration - from straightforward conventional 1-rank interleaving to 2-rank hierarchical sampling or even 3 ranks. How to partition interleaving factors among different ranks has not yet been investigated. Furthermore, asynchronous SAR sub-ADCs are often used in these designs to push the sampling rate even further. The well-known sparkle-code issues caused by comparator meta-stability in asynchronous SARs can significantly increase the Bit-Error-Rate (BER) of the transceivers unless power hungry error correction coding are implemented in the system. Although many works in the literature attempted to deal with the meta-stability in asynchronous SARs, the effectiveness of these approaches have not been fully demonstrated. In this thesis, I will first propose a new cascode-based T&H circuits to improve the ADC bandwidth beyond the limit of conventional switch-based T&H circuits. Then, a system design and optimization methodology of hierarchical time-interleaved sampling network is presented in the context of cascode T&H. To deal with sparkle-code issue in asynchronous SAR sub-ADCs, a new back-end meta-stability correction technique is employed. An extensive statistical analysis is provided to verify the correction algorithm can greatly reduce sparkle-code error-rates. To further demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed circuits and techniques, two prototype ADCs have been implemented. The first 7b 12.5GS/s hierarchically time-interleaved ADC in 65nm CMOS process demonstrates 29.4dB SNDR and >25GHz bandwidth. The later 6b 46GS/s ADC in 28nm CMOS employs asynchronous SAR sub-ADC design with back-end meta-stability correction. The measurement results show it achieves sparkle-code error free operation over 1e10 samples in addition to achieving >23GHz bandwidth and 25.2dB SNDR. The power consumption is 381mW from 1.05V/1.6V supplies, and the FOM is 0.56pJ/conversion-step.

Generalized Low Voltage Circuit Techniques For Very High Speed Time Interleaved Analog To Digital Converters

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Author : Sai-Weng Sin
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2010-09-29

Generalized Low Voltage Circuit Techniques For Very High Speed Time Interleaved Analog To Digital Converters written by Sai-Weng Sin and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-09-29 with Technology & Engineering categories.

Analog-to-Digital Converters (ADCs) play an important role in most modern signal processing and wireless communication systems where extensive signal manipulation is necessary to be performed by complicated digital signal processing (DSP) circuitry. This trend also creates the possibility of fabricating all functional blocks of a system in a single chip (System On Chip - SoC), with great reductions in cost, chip area and power consumption. However, this tendency places an increasing challenge, in terms of speed, resolution, power consumption, and noise performance, in the design of the front-end ADC which is usually the bottleneck of the whole system, especially under the unavoidable low supply-voltage imposed by technology scaling, as well as the requirement of battery operated portable devices. Generalized Low-Voltage Circuit Techniques for Very High-Speed Time-Interleaved Analog-to-Digital Converters will present new techniques tailored for low-voltage and high-speed Switched-Capacitor (SC) ADC with various design-specific considerations.

High Speed Data Converters

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Author : Ahmed M.A. Ali
language : en
Publisher: IET
Release Date : 2016-08-03

High Speed Data Converters written by Ahmed M.A. Ali and has been published by IET this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-08-03 with Computers categories.

High Speed Data Converters covers high speed data converters from the perspective of a leading high speed ADC designer and architect, with a strong emphasis on high speed Nyquist A/D converters. For our purposes, the term "high speed" is defined as sampling rates that are greater than 10 MS/s. The book is intended for engineers and students who design, evaluate or use high speed data converters. A basic foundation in circuits, devices and signal processing is required. The book is meant to bridge the gap between analysis and design, theory and practice, circuits and systems. It covers basic analog circuits and digital signal processing algorithms. There is a healthy dose of theoretical analysis in this book, combined with the practical issues and intuitive perspectives. Topics covered include: * Introduction to high-speed data conversion * Performance Metrics * Data Converter Architectures * Sampling * Comparators * Amplifiers * Pipelined A/D Converters * Time-interleaved Converters * Digitally Assisted Converters * Evolution and Trends

Time Interleaved Analog To Digital Converters

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Author : Simon Louwsma
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2010-09-08

Time Interleaved Analog To Digital Converters written by Simon Louwsma and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-09-08 with Technology & Engineering categories.

Time-interleaved Analog-to-Digital Converters describes the research performed on low-power time-interleaved ADCs. A detailed theoretical analysis is made of the time-interleaved Track & Hold, since it must be capable of handling signals in the GHz range with little distortion, and minimal power consumption. Timing calibration is not attractive, therefore design techniques are presented which do not require timing calibration. The design of power efficient sub-ADCs is addressed with a theoretical analysis of a successive approximation converter and a pipeline converter. It turns out that the first can consume about 10 times less power than the latter, and this conclusion is supported by literature. Time-interleaved Analog-to-Digital Converters describes the design of a high performance time-interleaved ADC, with much attention for practical design aspects, aiming at both industry and research. Measurements show best-inclass performance with a sample-rate of 1.8 GS/s, 7.9 ENOBs and a power efficiency of 1 pJ/conversion-step.

Design Of Very High Frequency Multirate Switched Capacitor Circuits

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Author : Seng-Pan U
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2006

Design Of Very High Frequency Multirate Switched Capacitor Circuits written by Seng-Pan U and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Computers categories.

Design of Very High-Frequency Multirate Switched-Capacitor Circuits presents the theory and the corresponding CMOS implementation of the novel multirate sampled-data analog interpolation technique which has its great potential on very high-frequency analog frond-end filtering due to its inherent dual advantage of reducing the speed of data-converters and DSP core together with the specification relaxation of the post continuous-time filtering. This technique completely eliminates the traditional phenomenon of sampled-and-hold frequency-shaping at the lower input sampling rate. Also, in order to tackle physical IC imperfections at very high frequency, the state-of-the-art circuit design and layout techniques for high-speed Switched-Capacitor (SC) circuits are comprehensively discussed: -Optimum circuit architecture tradeoff analysis -Simple speed and power trade-off analysis of active elements -High-order filtering response accuracy with respect to capacitor-ratio mismatches -Time-interleaved effect with respect to gain and offset mismatch -Time-interleaved effect with respect to timing-skew and random jitter with non-uniformly holding -Stage noise analysis and allocation scheme -Substrate and supply noise reduction -Gain-and offset-compensation techniques -High-bandwidth low-power amplifier design and layout -Very low timing-skew multiphase generation Two tailor-made optimum design examples in CMOS are presented. The first one achieves a 3-stage 8-fold SC interpolating filter with 5.5MHz bandwidth and 108MHz output sampling rate for a NTSC/PAL CCIR 601 digital video at 3 V. Another is a 15-tap 57MHz SC FIR bandpass interpolating filter with 4-fold sampling rate increase to 320MHz and the first-time embedded frequency band up-translation for DDFS system at 2.5V. The corresponding chip prototype achieves so far the highest operating frequency, highest filter order and highest center frequency with highest dynamic range under the lowest supply voltage when compared to the previously reported high-frequency SC filters in CMOS.

Technologies For Rf Systems

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Author : Terry Edwards
language : en
Publisher: Artech House
Release Date : 2018-04-30

Technologies For Rf Systems written by Terry Edwards and has been published by Artech House this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-04-30 with Technology & Engineering categories.

This comprehensive resource provides an introduction to the main concepts, technologies, and components in microwave and RF engineering. This book presents details about how to design various amplifiers, circuits, and chips for communication systems. It offers insight into selecting appropriate ADC and DAC technology. Several worked examples are found throughout the book. This book provides a summary of 21st century RF systems and electronics and discusses the challenges of frequency bands and wavelengths, software-defined radio (SDR) and cognitive radio. RF semiconductors are covered, including bandgap, drift velocity, resistors, diodes, and various transistors. This book offers details about passive RF components, capacitors, inductors, resistors, coaxial, and microstrip lines as well as coplanar waveguide. Passive RF circuit elements are presented and this book covers the fundamentals of directional couplers, including Lange couplers and Wilkinson dividers. Switches, attenuators, and digital circuits are discussed. This book is packed with additional coverage of RF filters, antennas, and small-signal RF amplifiers, and includes chapters on noise and LNAs, RF power amplifiers and RF-oriented ADCs and DACs. Modulation techniques and technologies are also presented.

Analog Circuit Design

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Author : Arthur H.M. van Roermund
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2009-12-01

Analog Circuit Design written by Arthur H.M. van Roermund and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-12-01 with Technology & Engineering categories.

Analog Circuit Design contains the contribution of 18 tutorials of the 18th workshop on Advances in Analog Circuit Design. Each part discusses a specific to-date topic on new and valuable design ideas in the area of analog circuit design. Each part is presented by six experts in that field and state of the art information is shared and overviewed. This book is number 18 in this successful series of Analog Circuit Design, providing valuable information and excellent overviews of: Smart Data Converters: Chaired by Prof. Arthur van Roermund, Eindhoven University of Technology, Filters on Chip: Chaired by Herman Casier, AMI Semiconductor Fellow, Multimode Transmitters: Chaired by Prof. M. Steyaert, Catholic University Leuven, Analog Circuit Design is an essential reference source for analog circuit designers and researchers wishing to keep abreast with the latest development in the field. The tutorial coverage also makes it suitable for use in an advanced design.

Key Enabling Technologies For Future Wireless Wired Optical And Satcom Applications

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Author : Björn Debaillie
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2024-11-25

Key Enabling Technologies For Future Wireless Wired Optical And Satcom Applications written by Björn Debaillie and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-11-25 with Technology & Engineering categories.

This book presents the latest research roadmaps and achievements from the European ecosystem (industry, research, and academia) driving the development of future wireless, wired, optical and satcom applications utilising the mm-wave and sub-THz bands. It covers the entire value chain, including technologies, devices, characterisation, architectures, circuits, 3D heterogeneous integration and packaging. As the interconnectedness of our world continues to expand, the importance of global innovation in communication systems and technologies grows significantly. The increasing reliance on digital communication necessitates systems that can manage higher data traffic, provide faster and more reliable connectivity, and sustainably support a diverse range of applications. Achieving these goals requires a shift towards higher frequency bands (mm-wave and sub-THz) and the adoption of disruptive technologies. Heterogeneous integration of (Bi)CMOS, SOI, and III/V components such as GaN or InP, along with advanced packaging techniques, is essential to realise ubiquitous, ultra-high bandwidth, and low latency networks. To ensure that future communication systems are not only technologically advanced but also sustainable and responsible, it is crucial to minimize their environmental impact by considering the materials used, manufacturing processes, operational efficiency, and recyclability. The book captures the synergetic interactions between European Chips JU projects SHIFT and Move2THz, the European 3D heterogenous integration and packaging community and the MTT-TC9 society. These interactions were forged during the International Workshop on "Key Enabling Technologies for Future Wireless, Wired, Optical and Satcom Applications" at the European Microwave Week in Paris, France, on 22 September, 2024. Whether you are a professional in the field or simply interested in the future of communication technologies, this book offers invaluable insights into the technological breakthroughs shaping our digital future. The Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial (CC-BY-NC) 4.0 license.

Design Of High Speed Communication Circuits

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Author : Ramesh Harjani
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2006

Design Of High Speed Communication Circuits written by Ramesh Harjani and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Computers categories.

MOS technology has rapidly become the de facto standard for mixed-signal integrated circuit design due to the high levels of integration possible as device geometries shrink to nanometer scales. The reduction in feature size means that the number of transistor and clock speeds have increased significantly. In fact, current day microprocessors contain hundreds of millions of transistors operating at multiple gigahertz. Furthermore, this reduction in feature size also has a significant impact on mixed-signal circuits. Due to the higher levels of integration, the majority of ASICs possesses some analog components. It has now become nearly mandatory to integrate both analog and digital circuits on the same substrate due to cost and power constraints. This book presents some of the newer problems and opportunities offered by the small device geometries and the high levels of integration that is now possible. The aim of this book is to summarize some of the most critical aspects of high-speed analog/RF communications circuits. Attention is focused on the impact of scaling, substrate noise, data converters, RF and wireless communication circuits and wireline communication circuits, including high-speed I/O. Contents: Achieving Analog Accuracy in Nanometer CMOS (M P Flynn et al.); Self-Induced Noise in Integrated Circuits (R Gharpurey & S Naraghi); High-Speed Oversampling Analog-to-Digital Converters (A Gharbiya et al.); Designing LC VCOs Using Capacitive Degeneration Techniques (B Jung & R Harjani); Fully Integrated Frequency Synthesizers: A Tutorial (S T Moon et al.); Recent Advances and Design Trends in CMOS Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits (D J Allstot et al.); Equalizers for High-Speed Serial Links (P K Hanumolu et al.); Low-Power, Parallel Interface with Continuous-Time Adaptive Passive Equalizer and Crosstalk Cancellation (C P Yue et al.). Readership: Technologists, scientists, and engineers in the field of high-speed communication circuits. It can also be used as a textbook for graduate and advanced undergraduate courses.

Advances In Signal Processing And Communication Engineering

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Author : Pradip Kumar Jain
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2022-12-01

Advances In Signal Processing And Communication Engineering written by Pradip Kumar Jain and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-12-01 with Technology & Engineering categories.

This book comprises select proceedings of the International Conference on Advances in Signal Processing and Communication Engineering (ICASPACE 2021). The book covers several theoretical and mathematical approaches addressing day-to-day challenges in signal, image, and speech processing and advanced communication systems. It primarily focuses on effective mathematical methods, algorithms, and models that enhance the performance of existing systems. The topics covered in the book are advances in signal processing (radar and biomedical), image processing, speech processing, technical and environmental challenges in 5G technology, and strategies for optimal utilization of resources to improve the efficacy of the communication systems in terms of bandwidth and radiating power, etc. The works published in the book will remarkably be helpful to prospective scholars, academicians, and students seeking knowledge in signal processing and communication engineering.