Detecting A Terrestrial Biosphere Sink For Carbon Dioxide
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Detecting A Terrestrial Biosphere Sink For Carbon Dioxide
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Author : National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
language : en
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Release Date : 2018-08-16
Detecting A Terrestrial Biosphere Sink For Carbon Dioxide written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and has been published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-08-16 with categories.
There is considerable uncertainty as to whether interannual variability in climate and terrestrial ecosystem production is sufficient to explain observed variation in atmospheric carbon content over the past 20-30 years. In this paper, we investigated the response of net CO2 exchange in terrestrial ecosystems to interannual climate variability (1983 to 1988) using global satellite observations as drivers for the NASA-CASA (Carnegie-Ames-Stanford Approach) simulation model. This computer model of net ecosystem production (NEP) is calibrated for interannual simulations driven by monthly satellite vegetation index data (NDVI) from the NOAA Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) at 1 degree spatial resolution. Major results from NASA-CASA simulations suggest that from 1985 to 1988, the northern middle-latitude zone (between 30 and 60 degrees N) was the principal region driving progressive annual increases in global net primary production (NPP; i.e., the terrestrial biosphere sink for carbon). The average annual increase in NPP over this predominantly northern forest zone was on the order of +0.4 Pg (10 (exp 15) g) C per year. This increase resulted mainly from notable expansion of the growing season for plant carbon fixation toward the zonal latitude extremes, a pattern uniquely demonstrated in our regional visualization results. A net biosphere source flux of CO2 in 1983-1984, coinciding with an El Nino event, was followed by a major recovery of global NEP in 1985 which lasted through 1987 as a net carbon sink of between 0.4 and 2.6 Avg C per year. Analysis of model controls on NPP and soil heterotrophic CO2 fluxes (Rh) suggests that regional warming in northern forests can enhance ecosystem production significantly. In seasonally dry tropical zones, periodic drought and temperature drying effects may carry over with at least a two-year lag time to adversely impact ecosystem production. These yearly patterns in our model-predicted NEP are consistent in magnit...
Terrestrial Biospheric Carbon Fluxes Quantification Of Sinks And Sources Of Co2
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Author : Joe Wisniewski
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Terrestrial Biospheric Carbon Fluxes Quantification Of Sinks And Sources Of Co2 written by Joe Wisniewski and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
Towards the Balance and Management of the Carbon Budget of the Biosphere The current state of misunderstanding of the global C cycle and our failure to resolve an issue that has been debated for 100 years (Jones and Henderson-Sellers, 1990) speaks loudly about the limitations of modem science when faced with the complexity of the biosphere. Efforts to understand and balance the global C budget have gone through several phases. First was a holistic view of the C budget as part of efforts to understand the geochemistry of the Earth (e. g. , Clarke, 1908). Next, came a period of data collection and sythesis which focused on the diversity of sectors of the biosphere. This phase culminated in the early 1970's with the realization that humans were greatly impacting the global C cycle as measured at the Mauna Loa Observatory (Keeling et al. , 1973). New syntheses of the global C budget emerged at this time (Woodwell and Pacan, 1973; Bolin et al. , 1979). The next phase was one of controversy and intense focus on particular sectors of the biosphere. The controversy rested on discrepancies about the role of the terrestrial biota in the global C cycle and the failure to account for sufficient C sinks to absorb all the C emitted by land-use change in the tropics (Woodwell et al. , 1978, 1983; Houghton et al. , 1983).
Management Of The Terrestrial Biosphere To Sequester Atmospheric Co2
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1993
Management Of The Terrestrial Biosphere To Sequester Atmospheric Co2 written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993 with Agriculture categories.
Terrestrial Biosphere Atmosphere Fluxes
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Author : Russell Monson
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2014-03-06
Terrestrial Biosphere Atmosphere Fluxes written by Russell Monson and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-03-06 with Science categories.
Fluxes of trace gases, water and energy - the 'breathing of the biosphere' - are controlled by a large number of interacting physical, chemical, biological and ecological processes. In this interdisciplinary book, the authors provide the tools to understand and quantitatively analyse fluxes of energy, organic compounds such as terpenes, and trace gases including carbon dioxide, water vapour and methane. It first introduces the fundamental principles affecting the supply and demand for trace gas exchange at the leaf and soil scales: thermodynamics, diffusion, turbulence and physiology. It then builds on these principles to model the exchange of water, carbon dioxide, terpenes and stable isotopes at the ecosystem scale. Detailed mathematical derivations of commonly used relations in biosphere-atmosphere interactions are provided for reference in appendices. An accessible introduction for graduate students and a key resource for researchers in related fields, such as atmospheric science, hydrology, meteorology, climate science, biogeochemistry and ecosystem ecology.
Recarbonization Of The Biosphere
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Author : Rattan Lal
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-03-28
Recarbonization Of The Biosphere written by Rattan Lal and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-03-28 with Science categories.
Human activities are significantly modifying the natural global carbon (C) cycles, and concomitantly influence climate, ecosystems, and state and function of the Earth system. Ever increasing amounts of carbon dioxide (CO2) are added to the atmosphere by fossil fuel combustion but the biosphere is a potential C sink. Thus, a comprehensive understanding of C cycling in the biosphere is crucial for identifying and managing biospheric C sinks. Ecosystems with large C stocks which must be protected and sustainably managed are wetlands, peatlands, tropical rainforests, tropical savannas, grasslands, degraded/desertified lands, agricultural lands, and urban lands. However, land-based sinks require long-term management and a protection strategy because C stocks grow with a progressive improvement in ecosystem health.
Negative Emissions Technologies And Reliable Sequestration
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Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2019-04-08
Negative Emissions Technologies And Reliable Sequestration written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-04-08 with Science categories.
To achieve goals for climate and economic growth, "negative emissions technologies" (NETs) that remove and sequester carbon dioxide from the air will need to play a significant role in mitigating climate change. Unlike carbon capture and storage technologies that remove carbon dioxide emissions directly from large point sources such as coal power plants, NETs remove carbon dioxide directly from the atmosphere or enhance natural carbon sinks. Storing the carbon dioxide from NETs has the same impact on the atmosphere and climate as simultaneously preventing an equal amount of carbon dioxide from being emitted. Recent analyses found that deploying NETs may be less expensive and less disruptive than reducing some emissions, such as a substantial portion of agricultural and land-use emissions and some transportation emissions. In 2015, the National Academies published Climate Intervention: Carbon Dioxide Removal and Reliable Sequestration, which described and initially assessed NETs and sequestration technologies. This report acknowledged the relative paucity of research on NETs and recommended development of a research agenda that covers all aspects of NETs from fundamental science to full-scale deployment. To address this need, Negative Emissions Technologies and Reliable Sequestration: A Research Agenda assesses the benefits, risks, and "sustainable scale potential" for NETs and sequestration. This report also defines the essential components of a research and development program, including its estimated costs and potential impact.
Carbon Cycle Research And Agriculture S Role In Reducing Climate Change
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Author : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry. Subcommittee on Research, Nutrition, and General Legislation
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2001
Carbon Cycle Research And Agriculture S Role In Reducing Climate Change written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry. Subcommittee on Research, Nutrition, and General Legislation and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001 with Science categories.
Greenhouse Gas Sinks
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Author : Dave Reay
language : en
Publisher: CABI
Release Date : 2007
Greenhouse Gas Sinks written by Dave Reay and has been published by CABI this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with Science categories.
In this first comprehensive handbook of the earth's sinks for greenhouse gases, leading researchers from around the world provide an expert synthesis of current understanding and uncertainties. It will be a valuable resource for students, researchers and practitioners in conservation, ecology and environmental studies.
Terrestrial Biosphere Atmosphere Fluxes
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Author : Russell K. Monson
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014
Terrestrial Biosphere Atmosphere Fluxes written by Russell K. Monson and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with Atmospheric circulation categories.
"Fluxes of trace gases, water and energy between the terrestrial biosphere and the atmosphere govern the state and fate of these two coupled systems. This 'breathing of the biosphere' is controlled by a large number of interacting physical, chemical, biological and ecological processes. In this integrated and interdisciplinary book, the authors provide the tools to understand and quantitatively analyse fluxes of energy, trace gases such as carbon dioxide, water vapour, methane, and organic compounds, such as terpenes"--
A History Of Atmospheric Co2 And Its Effects On Plants Animals And Ecosystems
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Author : James R. Ehleringer
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2005-01-27
A History Of Atmospheric Co2 And Its Effects On Plants Animals And Ecosystems written by James R. Ehleringer and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-01-27 with Nature categories.
Trees, CO2 concentration, climate change, herbivores, temperature.