Determinants Of Participation And Transaction Costs In Rwanda S Land Markets
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Determinants Of Participation And Transaction Costs In Rwanda S Land Markets
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015
Determinants Of Participation And Transaction Costs In Rwanda S Land Markets written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with Electronic book categories.
Overcoming Transaction Costs Barriers To Market Participation Of Smallholder Farmers In The Northern Province Of South Africa
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Author : Moraka Thomas Makhura
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
Overcoming Transaction Costs Barriers To Market Participation Of Smallholder Farmers In The Northern Province Of South Africa written by Moraka Thomas Makhura and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with categories.
The objective of this study is to investigate the role of transaction costs in determining market participation of smallholder farmers. It is expected that the identification of these transaction cost factors could assist in the formulation of policy interventions and/or institutional innovations to alleviate constraints on market participation and improve the ability of these small-scale farmers to become part of the commercial agricultural economy. Transaction costs differ between households due to asymmetries in access to assets, market information, extension services and remunerative markets. The study particularly investigated the factors contributing to different levels of transaction costs amongst households. The main hypothesis of the study is that small-scale farmers facing lower transaction costs will participate more in agricultural markets. Transaction costs reflect the character of the market, but are mainly embedded in the characteristics of individual households and their economic environment. In order to test the hypothesis, selectivity models identifying and testing significant factors related to market participation are applied to a survey of 157 farming households in the Northern Province. These households take part in the markets for horticulture, livestock, maize and other field crops. The selectivity models used involve two-step estimation similar to the Heckman's two-stage procedure. The study reveals that access to assets and market information in combination with particular household characteristics are important determinants of market participation. Among the assets of a household, a reasonably sized area of arable land tends to encourage participation in all markets, apart from the market for other field crops market. Ownership of livestock tends to stimulate livestock selling and also the level of maize sales. Ownership of arable land and livestock contribute to the economies of scale of production, which leads to lower transaction costs per unit output sold. Non-farm earnings only alleviate variable transaction costs in horticultural markets, but not in other field crops markets. Pensions discourage participation in high value commodities markets since they are viewed as alternative cash income. Indicators enhancing the role of information access include proximity to markets and contacts with the extension service. Proximity to markets reduces variable transaction costs in horticultural markets and fixed transaction costs in livestock markets. The study shows that every kilometre closer in proximity to markets, the horticultural sales increase by R152. Proximity and contact with extension services discourage participation in other field crops markets. Good road conditions reduce transaction costs for livestock and other field crops. The study also shows that in spite of bad road conditions some horticulture farmers still manage to market most of their products. A larger sized household tends to increase the transaction costs in marketing all commodities except for the other field crops. Female farmers tend to participate more in livestock markets as they own small livestock and poultry that are easy to sell, and keep livestock for livelihood purposes rather than for social status. On the other hand, female farmers appear to be constrained in their participation in horticultural markets, ostensibly due to problems of access to irrigation resources and cultural and legal perceptions. Older farmers with enough social capital are willing to sell, but in horticulture and maize they tend to sell lower quantities. The study raises issues which, when attended to, might reduce the transaction costs, particularly by enhancing access to information and providing endowments to farming households. Some constraints require direct policy measures, such as policies dealing with land reform, extension services, education and legal reforms, and then there are those that require indirect intervention and private sector involvement such as road networks and market availability.
Agriculture And Rural Development In A Globalizing World
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Author : Prabhu Pingali
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2017-05-08
Agriculture And Rural Development In A Globalizing World written by Prabhu Pingali and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-05-08 with Business & Economics categories.
Rapid structural transformation and urbanization are transforming agriculture and food production in rural areas across the world. This textbook provides a comprehensive review and assessment of the multi-faceted nature of agriculture and rural development, particularly in the developing world, where the greatest challenges occur. It is designed around five thematic parts: Agricultural Intensification and Technical Change; Political Economy of Agricultural Policies; Community and Rural Institutions; Agriculture, Nutrition, and Health; and Future Relevance of International Institutions. Each chapter presents a detailed but accessible review of the literature on the specific topic and discusses the frontiers in research and institutional changes needed as societies adapt to the transformation processes. All authors are eminent scholars with international reputations, who have been actively engaged in the contemporary debates around agricultural development and rural transformation.
Rwanda Smallholder Agriculture Commercialization Survey Overview Using Selected Categorical Variables
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Author : Warner, James
language : en
Publisher: Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Release Date : 2023-10-05
Rwanda Smallholder Agriculture Commercialization Survey Overview Using Selected Categorical Variables written by Warner, James and has been published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-10-05 with Political Science categories.
This report provides a comprehensive statistical overview of agricultural household data collected by IFPRI from a smallholder commercialization survey in late 2022. Sampled to be representative to the provincial level, ten households were surveyed in 202 villages for a total of 2,020 households interviewed. The survey covers a wide range of topics including household demographics, agricultural farm holdings, input use, crop choice, levels of commercialization and other non-farm sources of income. The statistical tables are generally presented by principal categorical variables of interest which include provinces, gender and age of household head (youth/mature), as well as size of land holdings. These designations are meant to provide general insights into the current state of agricultural households in Rwanda. Building on this report, future research, on more specific topics of interest, will be performed to build a more comprehensive understanding of agricultural house hold economic behavior for broader understanding as well as potential policy engagement.
Banana Systems In The Humid Highlands Of Sub Saharan Africa
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Author : Guy Blomme
language : en
Publisher: CABI
Release Date : 2013-11-28
Banana Systems In The Humid Highlands Of Sub Saharan Africa written by Guy Blomme and has been published by CABI this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-11-28 with Technology & Engineering categories.
?Banana Systems in the Humid Highlands of Sub-Saharan Africa: Enhancing Resilience and Productivity? addresses issues related to agricultural intensification in the (sub)humid highland areas of Africa, based on research carried out in the Great Lakes Region by the Consortium for Improving Agriculture-based Livelihoods in Central Africa.
The Routledge Handbook Of Poverty In The Global South
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Author : Rajendra Baikady
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2023-12-01
The Routledge Handbook Of Poverty In The Global South written by Rajendra Baikady and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-12-01 with Political Science categories.
This handbook initiates fresh debates on poverty and its impact in a constantly changing Global South society. It studies the concept, theories, and causes of poverty, as well as the design and delivery of social welfare policies related to specific groups, such as women, children, and the elderly. The chapters are theoretical, evidence-based, and empirical in nature and bring together a holistic understanding of social problems and issues in developing countries. The volume brings together researchers, educators, and practitioners from across the globe to develop a hands-on reference work that will be requisite for several social science disciplines concerned with poverty and the welfare of poor people. The first of its kind, the handbook will be indispensable for scholars and researchers of development studies, economics, social work, political studies, poverty studies, population and demographic studies, sociology, social anthropology, public policy, and political economy, especially those concerned with the Global South.
Land Institutions And Land Markets
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Author : Gershon Feder
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Land Institutions And Land Markets written by Gershon Feder and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.
Secure property rights to ...
The Land Governance Assessment Framework
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Author : Klaus Deininger
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2012
The Land Governance Assessment Framework written by Klaus Deininger and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with Political Science categories.
Increased global demand for land posits the need for well-designed country-level land policies to protect long-held rights, facilitate land access and address any constraints that land policy may pose for broader growth. While the implementation of land reforms can be a lengthy process, the need to swiftly identify key land policy challenges and devise responses that allow the monitoring of progress, in a way that minimizes conflicts and supports broader development goals, is clear. The Land Governance Assessment Framework (LGAF) makes a substantive contribution to the land sector by providing a quick and innovative tool to monitor land governance at the country level. The LGAF offers a comprehensive diagnostic tool that covers five main areas for policy intervention: Legal and institutional framework; Land use planning, management and taxation; Management of public land; Public provision of land information; and Dispute resolution and conflict management. The LGAF assesses these areas through a set of detailed indicators that are rated on a scale of pre-coded statements (from lack of good governance to good practice). While land governance can be highly technical in nature and tends to be addressed in a partial and sporadic manner, the LGAF posits a tool for a comprehensive assessment, taking into account the broad range of issues that land governance encompasses, while enabling those unfamiliar with land to grasp its full complexity. The LGAF will make it possible for policymakers to make sense of the technical levels of the land sector, benchmark governance, identify areas that require further attention and monitor progress. It is intended to assist countries in prioritizing reforms in the land sector by providing a holistic diagnostic review that can inform policy dialogue in a clear and targeted manner. In addition to presenting the LGAF tool, this book includes detailed case studies on its implementation in five selected countries: Peru, the Kyrgyz Republic, Ethiopia, Indonesia and Tanzania.
Sustainable Solutions For Food Security
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Author : Atanu Sarkar
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2019-01-18
Sustainable Solutions For Food Security written by Atanu Sarkar and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-01-18 with Science categories.
This volume is the first centralized source of technological and policy solutions for sustainable agriculture and food systems resilience in the face of climate change. The editors have compiled a comprehensive collection of the latest tested, replicable green technologies and approaches for food security, including smart crops and new agricultural paradigms, sustainable natural resources management, and strategies for risk assessment and governance. Studies from resource-constrained countries with vulnerable populations are emphasized, with contributions on multisector partnership from development professionals. Debates concerning access to climate-smart technologies, intellectual property rights, and international negotiations on technology transfer are also included. The editors are, respectively, a public health physician, a development professional and an environmental scientist. They bring their varied perspectives together to curate a holistic volume that will be useful for policy makers, scientists, community-based organizations, international organizations and researchers across the world.
Commercialization Of Smallholders
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Author : Berhanu Gebremedhin
language : en
Publisher: ILRI (aka ILCA and ILRAD)
Release Date : 2010-01-01
Commercialization Of Smallholders written by Berhanu Gebremedhin and has been published by ILRI (aka ILCA and ILRAD) this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-01-01 with categories.
The literature on commercial transformation of smallholders makes little distinction between market orientation (production decision based on market signals) and market participation (sale of output). This paper analyzes the determinants of market orientation and market participation in Ethiopia separately and examines if market orientation translates into market participation. Empirical results show that market orientation translates strongly into market participation. The key implication of this study is that policy, technological, organizational and institutional interventions aimed at promoting commercial transformation of subsistence agriculture should follow two-pronged approach: improving market orientation of smallholders at production level, and facilitating market entry and participation of households in output and input markets. Focusing on either may not be as effective in achieving the transformation.