Development And Evaluation Of An Active Warning Device For School Bus Loading And Unloading Points In Areas Of Limited Visibility
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Development And Evaluation Of An Active Warning Device For School Bus Loading And Unloading Points In Areas Of Limited Visibility
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2005
Development And Evaluation Of An Active Warning Device For School Bus Loading And Unloading Points In Areas Of Limited Visibility written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with School buses categories.
The primary objectives of this research project were: (1) to develop an active advance warning device (AAWD) comprised of an actuated flashing beacon supplement to a conventional SCHOOL BUS STOP AHEAD sign (S3-1) and (2) to evaluate its effect on driver performance and safety through school bus loading and unloading zones. Secondary objectives were to summarize system components and costs, develop an activation strategy, review the liability risk, review national experience related to safety, and provide guidance regarding specifications and use in Texas. With respect to safety, 37 of 46 studies reported a positive effect resulting from AAWDs. Findings from field studies conducted in Texas also suggest favorable results with confirmed reductions in vehicle approach speeds when the flashing beacon was activated. Costs for the final AAWD are estimated to be 2,000 dollars for the S3-1 sign and flashing beacons and 2,600 dollars for the flashing beacon activation system, not including sign installation or ongoing maintenance and operations costs. A review of published literature and historic case law suggests minimal additional liability risk above what is already experienced by transportation departments. Unique areas of risk relate to "jurisdictional responsibility" for establishing, operating, and maintaining school bus loading and unloading zones and the hazard expectation tied to the flashing beacon activation (i.e., motorists may not exercise the same degree of caution when the bus is not present and the beacons are not flashing despite children being present at the bus stop). Given the favorable safety impacts, the low system cost, and the minimal additional liability risk incurred, the AA WD is recommended for further implementation.
Transit Capacity And Quality Of Service Manual
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Author : Transit Cooperative Research Program
language : en
Publisher: Transportation Research Board
Release Date : 2003
Transit Capacity And Quality Of Service Manual written by Transit Cooperative Research Program and has been published by Transportation Research Board this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with History categories.
Accompanying CD-ROM contains full text of the manual, Microsoft Excel spreadsheets, and a library of related documents.
The Handbook Of Logistics And Distribution Management
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Author : Alan Rushton
language : en
Publisher: Kogan Page Publishers
Release Date : 2000
The Handbook Of Logistics And Distribution Management written by Alan Rushton and has been published by Kogan Page Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with Business & Economics categories.
Designed for students, young managers and seasoned practitioners alike, this handbook explains the nuts and bolts of the modern logistics and distribution world in plain language. Illustrated throughout, this second edition includes new chapters on areas previously not covered, such as: intermodal transport; benchmarking; environmental matters; and vehicle and depot security.
Designing Streets For Kids
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Author : National Association of City Transportation Officials
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019-12-12
Designing Streets For Kids written by National Association of City Transportation Officials and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-12-12 with Streets categories.
Building on the success of their Global Street Design Guide, the National Association of City Transportation Officials (NACTO)-Global Designing Cities Initiative (GDCI) Streets for Kids program has developed child-focused design guidance to inspire leaders, inform practitioners, and empower communities around the world to consider their city from the eyes of a child. The guidance in Designing Streets for Kids captures international best practices, strategies, programs, and policies that cities around the world have used to design streets and public spaces that are safe and appealing to children from their earliest days. The guidance also highlights tactics for engaging children in the design process, an often-overlooked approach that can dramatically transform how streets are designed and used.
The Geography Of Transport Systems
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Author : Jean-Paul Rodrigue
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2013-07-18
The Geography Of Transport Systems written by Jean-Paul Rodrigue and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-07-18 with Science categories.
Mobility is fundamental to economic and social activities such as commuting, manufacturing, or supplying energy. Each movement has an origin, a potential set of intermediate locations, a destination, and a nature which is linked with geographical attributes. Transport systems composed of infrastructures, modes and terminals are so embedded in the socio-economic life of individuals, institutions and corporations that they are often invisible to the consumer. This is paradoxical as the perceived invisibility of transportation is derived from its efficiency. Understanding how mobility is linked with geography is main the purpose of this book. The third edition of The Geography of Transport Systems has been revised and updated to provide an overview of the spatial aspects of transportation. This text provides greater discussion of security, energy, green logistics, as well as new and updated case studies, a revised content structure, and new figures. Each chapter covers a specific conceptual dimension including networks, modes, terminals, freight transportation, urban transportation and environmental impacts. A final chapter contains core methodologies linked with transport geography such as accessibility, spatial interactions, graph theory and Geographic Information Systems for transportation (GIS-T). This book provides a comprehensive and accessible introduction to the field, with a broad overview of its concepts, methods, and areas of application. The accompanying website for this text contains a useful additional material, including digital maps, PowerPoint slides, databases, and links to further reading and websites. The website can be accessed at: http://people.hofstra.edu/geotrans This text is an essential resource for undergraduates studying transport geography, as well as those interest in economic and urban geography, transport planning and engineering.
Safety At Street Works And Road Works
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Author : Great Britain: Department for Transport
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013-10-01
Safety At Street Works And Road Works written by Great Britain: Department for Transport and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-10-01 with Roads categories.
This publication sets out the statutory requirements for signing, lighting, and guarding at street works and road works. This is the core reference manual for utility companies, local authorities, street work contractors and others whose day-to-day business involves street works (works by statutory undertakers and other utility companies etc) and road works (works to maintain or repair road infrastructure). The code, which covers all of the UK and includes national variations, is now compulsory for highway/road authorities in England, Wales and Northern Ireland. It applies to all single carriageway roads and dual carriageways with a speed limit of 40 mph or less. The code is now divided into three parts: Basic Principles, Operations, and Equipment and Vehicles; site layout diagrams have been redrawn to make them easier to understand. There is: increased emphasis on using risk assessment and guidance on what to consider in such assessments; strengthened guidance on providing for pedestrians and cyclists and new guidance on traffic control measures related to road closures, one-way working and temporary road obstructions; enhanced advice on other traffic control measures including works near tramways and railways, and mobile/short duration works; and updated advice on high visibility clothing and the signing and conspicuity requirements for work vehicles. Effective from 1 October 2014 when it will supersede the 2001 edition (ISBN 9780115519581).
2010 Ada Standards For Accessible Design
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Author : Department Of Justice
language : en
Publisher: Northern House Media, LLC
Release Date : 2011-02-01
2010 Ada Standards For Accessible Design written by Department Of Justice and has been published by Northern House Media, LLC this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-02-01 with Architecture categories.
This publication may be viewed or downloaded from the ADA website (www.ADA.gov).
Field Evaluation Of Innovative Active Warning Devices For Use At Railroad Highway Grade Crossings
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Author : Kenneth W. Heathington
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1988
Field Evaluation Of Innovative Active Warning Devices For Use At Railroad Highway Grade Crossings written by Kenneth W. Heathington and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1988 with Railroad crossings categories.
School Bus Stop Arm Lamp
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Author : Emergency Warning Lights and Devices Standards Committee
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011
School Bus Stop Arm Lamp written by Emergency Warning Lights and Devices Standards Committee and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with categories.
This document provides design guidelines, test procedure references, and performance requirements for stop arm lamp devices on school bus vehicles which are used to alert traffic to stop when passengers are loading and unloadingPhotometric performance has now been established as meeting the original peak intensity and meeting a specified "optical power". Advances in laboratory instrumentation have made it practical and cost effective to directly measure the optical power generated by any optical warning device. The direct measurement or calculation of peak intensity also is readily done with current technology. The Minimum Peak luminous intensity values are the minimum luminous intensity values from the previously published recommended practice. The Optical Power values were calculated from the Candela-Seconds values multiplied by 60 s to obtain cd-seconds/minute with the minimum flash rate of 1 flash per second. Source definition has been changed to include multiple source components with some restrictions. Light pulse and flash definitions have been added. Optical power has been defined. Multiple flash patterns and cyclic patterns have been added. End users have been requesting non-repetitive flash patterns to prevent complacency. The specified minimum size lighted area has been eliminated. Recent demonstrations have shown that observers were unable to see any difference in the performance of flashing warning devices having the same optical power but substantially different lighted areas. Environmental tests have been added these include low temperature, high temperature and 200 hour durability flash rate maintenances. The flash rate range was increased from 1-2 Hz to 1-4 Hz. Increasing the flash rate without a corresponding increase in photometric energy lowers the flash energy. However, if the flash rate is increased and the photometric energy is maintained above the minimum requirement, the conspicuity of the signal is improved. From a practical stand point, higher flash rates reduce the travel distance between signal flashers and promote earlier recognition of a hazardous condition. This document increases the allowable flash rate maximum to 4 Hz, so long as the flash energy content of the signal is not reduced below the required tabulated values. It is important to note that the energy to operate such devices may have to increase with the flash rate. Miscellaneous Editorial Changes The word "device" is used to indicate the assembly of components which is tested. The previous edition used both the words "lamp" and "device" for this purpose as well as referring to light sources as "lamps". Removed Design requirements since this recommended practice is for the lighting devices and should not specify reliability requirements for mechanical components Remove reference to SAE J887 since there is no need to reference the other Recommended Practice Change from SAE J575 to SAE J2139 for environmental testing for vehicles wider than 2032 mm. The typical application for these devices is for school buses which are over 2032 mm in width Added reference to SAE J387 and SAE J1330 SAE publications Added 300 cd maximum for Figure 1. The lights are installed at other vehicle driver's forward looking position and need to ensure lights are not too bright.
Evaluation Of Two School Bus Advance Signalling Devices The Eight Light System And Hazard Lights
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Author : J.-F. Bruneau
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1999
Evaluation Of Two School Bus Advance Signalling Devices The Eight Light System And Hazard Lights written by J.-F. Bruneau and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999 with categories.