Developments In Ionic Polymers
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Developments In Ionic Polymers 2
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Author : A.D. Wilson
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Developments In Ionic Polymers 2 written by A.D. Wilson and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Ionic polymers, like elephants, are easier to recognise than to define. Several methods of classification have been attempted but none is wholly satisfactory because of the extreme diversity of ionic polymers, which range from the organic, water-soluble polyelectrolytes, through hydrogels and ionomer carboxylate rubbers, to the almost infusible inorganic silicate minerals. For this reason, a general classification is not only difficult, but has minimal utility. However, there are some characteristics of these materials that should be highlighted. The role of counterions is the significant one. These ions, either singly or as clusters, take part in the formation of ionic bonds which have a varying structural role. Often they act as crosslinks, but in the halato-polymers the ionic bonds form an integral part of the polymer backbone itself. Conversely, in polymers contain ing covalent crosslinks, such as the ion-exchange resins, the coun terions have virtually no structural role to play, since they dwell in cage-like structures without affecting the crosslinking, and are readily exchanged. They are, perhaps, best described as ion-containing polymers rather than structural ionic polymers. Another crucial factor is the role of water in ionic polymers. The presence of ionic bonds means that there is a tendency for these materials to interact with water. Where the ionic polymer contains a high proportion of ionic units, it acts as a hydrogel and may be highly soluble. Such interactions with water decrease sharply as the ionic content is reduced, though even then water can act as a plasticiser.
Developments In Ionic Polymers
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Author : Alan D. Wilson
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1982
Developments In Ionic Polymers written by Alan D. Wilson and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1982 with categories.
Developments In Ionic Polymers
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Author : Alan D. Wilson
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1986
Developments In Ionic Polymers written by Alan D. Wilson and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1986 with categories.
New Trends In Ionic Co Polymers And Hybrids
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Author : Ecaterina Stela Dragan
language : en
Publisher: Nova Publishers
Release Date : 2007
New Trends In Ionic Co Polymers And Hybrids written by Ecaterina Stela Dragan and has been published by Nova Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with Science categories.
Ionic polymers are present almost everywhere in the world, biological systems being the most important reservoir of ionic polymers such as nucleic acids, and many proteins, alginic acid and so on. Artificial ionic polymers derived from natural polymers such as chitin, cellulose or starch, by adequate chemical transformations, and a multitude of synthetic ionic polymers are generated in the laboratory. They can contain ionic or ionisable groups. Ionic polymers, either artificial or synthetic, have a multitude of applications such as: stabilisation or destabilisation of dispersions, thickening of solutions, oil recovery aids, water purification, corrosion inhibitors, soil conditioners, anti-static agents, additives in cosmetics and foods, surface modification, and so forth. Solid ionic hybrid materials found applications such as polymer electrolytes or substrates for the organic synthesis in solid phase. Many books and article reviews were dedicated to this wide class of polymers but the permanent diversification of their structures and applications ask for new and updated overviews on this field. Therefore, this book reports updated information from literature as well as original contributions in the field of ionic (co)polymers and hybrids, mainly on the applications of ionic polymers and hybrids such as: self-assembled multi-layers, ionic polymers containing azobenzene chromophore, phase separation processes, chelating ion exchangers, polymer electrolytes, functionalised solid surfaces and ionic hybrid hydrogels.
Ionic Polymerization And Living Polymers
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Author : M. Szwarc
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Ionic Polymerization And Living Polymers written by M. Szwarc and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Technology & Engineering categories.
More than simply an up-to-date review of ionic polymerization, this book presents an in-depth and critical comparison of the anionic and cationic polymerization of vinyl monomers and heterocyclic compounds. These different modes of ionic polymerization are examined with regard to their capacity for producing living polymers. The concept of living polymers is re-examined and redefined in light of current knowledge of ionic polymerization and possible side reactions. Throughout, the authors offer perceptive insights into the basic concepts of polymerization chemistry and polymerization reaction mechanisms. The book begins with a review of ionic and radical polymerizations, the development of ionic polymerization, living and dormant polymers, and polymerizability. It goes on to consider important aspects of the structure and properties of ionic species; initiation and propagation of ionic polymerization; polymerization steps other than initiation or propagation, such as termination, isomerization, transfer, backbiting, and degraduation; and ionic copolymerization. Ionic Polymerization and Living Polymers is a much needed advanced text that will be widely read and referred to by polymer scientists, macromolecular chemists, and materials scientists.
Developments In Ionic Polymers 2
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Author : A.D. Wilson
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 1986-07-31
Developments In Ionic Polymers 2 written by A.D. Wilson and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1986-07-31 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Ionic polymers, like elephants, are easier to recognise than to define. Several methods of classification have been attempted but none is wholly satisfactory because of the extreme diversity of ionic polymers, which range from the organic, water-soluble polyelectrolytes, through hydrogels and ionomer carboxylate rubbers, to the almost infusible inorganic silicate minerals. For this reason, a general classification is not only difficult, but has minimal utility. However, there are some characteristics of these materials that should be highlighted. The role of counterions is the significant one. These ions, either singly or as clusters, take part in the formation of ionic bonds which have a varying structural role. Often they act as crosslinks, but in the halato-polymers the ionic bonds form an integral part of the polymer backbone itself. Conversely, in polymers contain ing covalent crosslinks, such as the ion-exchange resins, the coun terions have virtually no structural role to play, since they dwell in cage-like structures without affecting the crosslinking, and are readily exchanged. They are, perhaps, best described as ion-containing polymers rather than structural ionic polymers. Another crucial factor is the role of water in ionic polymers. The presence of ionic bonds means that there is a tendency for these materials to interact with water. Where the ionic polymer contains a high proportion of ionic units, it acts as a hydrogel and may be highly soluble. Such interactions with water decrease sharply as the ionic content is reduced, though even then water can act as a plasticiser.
Recent Trends In Ionic Polymerization
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Author : S. Sivaram
language : en
Publisher: Wiley-VCH
Release Date : 2006-10-20
Recent Trends In Ionic Polymerization written by S. Sivaram and has been published by Wiley-VCH this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-10-20 with Technology & Engineering categories.
The elegance of the technique of ionic polymerization is the ability to synthesize polymers with well defined architectures without any side reactions. As the control of the polymerization becomes the motivation, atom-transfer radical polymerization, which has similar attributes of ionic polymerization and is a more recent addition to the armory of synthetic methods available to polymer chemists, was also included in the Symposium. Selected contributions presented at the Symposium have been compiled in this special volume of Macromolecular Symposia and is reflective of contemporary developments in the area of ionic polymerizations.
Developments In Ionic Polymers
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1983
Developments In Ionic Polymers written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1983 with Addition polymerization categories.
Structure Formation In Solution
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Author : Norio Ise
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2005-11-10
Structure Formation In Solution written by Norio Ise and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-11-10 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book is designed to critically review experimental findings on ionic polymers and colloidal particles and to prove a theoretical framework based on the Poisson-Boltzmann approach. Structure formation in ionic polymer solutions has attracted attention since the days of H. Staudinger and J. D. Bernal. An independent study on ionic colloidal dispersions with microscopy provided a compelling evidence of structure formation. Recent technical developments have made it possible to accumulate relevant information for both ionic polymers and colloidal particles in dilute systems. The outstanding phenomenon experimentally found is microscopic inhomogeneity in the solute distribution in macroscopically homogeneous systems.To account for the observation, the present authors have invoked the existence of the counterion-mediated attraction between similarly charged solute species, in addition to the widely accepted electrostatic repulsion.
Ionic Polymerization And Living Polymers
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Author : M Szwarc
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1993-08-31
Ionic Polymerization And Living Polymers written by M Szwarc and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993-08-31 with categories.
More than simply an up-to-date review of ionic polymerization, this book presents an in-depth and critical comparison of the anionic and cationic polymerization of vinyl monomers and heterocyclic compounds. These different modes of ionic polymerization are examined with regard to their capacity for producing living polymers. The concept of living polymers is re-examined and redefined in light of current knowledge of ionic polymerization and possible side reactions. Throughout, the authors offer perceptive insights into the basic concepts of polymerization chemistry and polymerization reaction mechanisms. The book begins with a review of ionic and radical polymerizations, the development of ionic polymerization, living and dormant polymers, and polymerizability. It goes on to consider important aspects of the structure and properties of ionic species; initiation and propagation of ionic polymerization; polymerization steps other than initiation or propagation, such as termination, isomerization, transfer, backbiting, and degraduation; and ionic copolymerization. Ionic Polymerization and Living Polymers is a much needed advanced text that will be widely read and referred to by polymer scientists, macromolecular chemists, and materials scientists.