Diagonalization In Formal Mathematics
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Diagonalization In Formal Mathematics
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Author : Paulo Guilherme Santos
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-01-04
Diagonalization In Formal Mathematics written by Paulo Guilherme Santos and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-01-04 with Mathematics categories.
In this book, Paulo Guilherme Santos studies diagonalization in formal mathematics from logical aspects to everyday mathematics. He starts with a study of the diagonalization lemma and its relation to the strong diagonalization lemma. After that, Yablo’s paradox is examined, and a self-referential interpretation is given. From that, a general structure of diagonalization with paradoxes is presented. Finally, the author studies a general theory of diagonalization with the help of examples from mathematics.
Formal Number Theory Ii
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Author : Open University Course Team
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2009-05-16
Formal Number Theory Ii written by Open University Course Team and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-05-16 with Logic, Symbolic and mathematical categories.
In this unit we look at some theorems of a small but deeply significant fragment of number theory, called Q. We introduce the notion of a function being representable in a formal system. We shall discover that, although Q is quite a weak theory, it is sufficiently powerful to allow all total recursive functions (as discussed in unit ML03) to be representable in Q. This unit concludes with a discussion of diagonalization and Godel's Diagonal Lemma.To order all 8 units in the Mathematical Logic series please see product M381/PP01
Handbook Of Philosophical Logic
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Author : Dov M. Gabbay
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-03-09
Handbook Of Philosophical Logic written by Dov M. Gabbay and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-03-09 with Philosophy categories.
It is with great pleasure that we are presenting to the community the second edition of this extraordinary handbook. It has been over 15 years since the publication of the first edition and there have been great changes in the landscape of philosophical logic since then. The first edition has proved invaluable to generations of students and researchers in formal philosophy and language, as well as to consumers of logic in many applied areas. The main logic article in the Encyclopaedia Britannica 1999 has described the first edition as 'the best starting point for exploring any of the topics in logic'. We are confident that the second edition will prove to be just as good! The first edition was the second handbook published for the logic commu nity. It followed the North Holland one volume Handbook of Mathematical Logic, published in 1977, edited by the late Jon Barwise. The four volume Handbook of Philosophical Logic, published 1983-1989 came at a fortunate temporal junction at the evolution of logic. This was the time when logic was gaining ground in computer science and artificial intelligence circles. These areas were under increasing commercial pressure to provide devices which help and/or replace the human in his daily activity. This pressure required the use of logic in the modelling of human activity and organisa tion on the one hand and to provide the theoretical basis for the computer program constructs on the other.
Number Theory And Mathematical Logic
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Author : Open University Course Team
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2004-01
Number Theory And Mathematical Logic written by Open University Course Team and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-01 with Logic, Symbolic and mathematical categories.
In this unit we look at some theorems of a small but deeply significant fragment of number theory, called Q. We introduce the notion of a function being representable in a formal system. We shall discover that, although Q is quite a weak theory, it is sufficiently powerful to allow all total recursive functions (as discussed in unit ML03) to be representable in Q. This unit concludes with a discussion of diagonalization and Gödel's Diagonal Lemma.
Theory Of Formal Systems
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Author : Raymond M. Smullyan
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 1961
Theory Of Formal Systems written by Raymond M. Smullyan and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1961 with Mathematics categories.
This book serves both as a completely self-contained introduction and as an exposition of new results in the field of recursive function theory and its application to formal systems.
Diagonalization And Self Reference
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Author : Raymond M. Smullyan
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2023
Diagonalization And Self Reference written by Raymond M. Smullyan and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023 with Fixed point theory categories.
This volume's purpose is to present a unified treatment of fixed points as they occur in Godel's incompleteness proofs, recursion theory, combinatory logic, semantics and metamathematics. It provides a survey of introductory material and a summary of recent research.
Reverse Mathematics
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Author : Damir D. Dzhafarov
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2022-07-25
Reverse Mathematics written by Damir D. Dzhafarov and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-07-25 with Computers categories.
Reverse mathematics studies the complexity of proving mathematical theorems and solving mathematical problems. Typical questions include: Can we prove this result without first proving that one? Can a computer solve this problem? A highly active part of mathematical logic and computability theory, the subject offers beautiful results as well as significant foundational insights. This text provides a modern treatment of reverse mathematics that combines computability theoretic reductions and proofs in formal arithmetic to measure the complexity of theorems and problems from all areas of mathematics. It includes detailed introductions to techniques from computable mathematics, Weihrauch style analysis, and other parts of computability that have become integral to research in the field. Topics and features: Provides a complete introduction to reverse mathematics, including necessary background from computability theory, second order arithmetic, forcing, induction, and model construction Offers a comprehensive treatment of the reverse mathematics of combinatorics, including Ramsey's theorem, Hindman's theorem, and many other results Provides central results and methods from the past two decades, appearing in book form for the first time and including preservation techniques and applications of probabilistic arguments Includes a large number of exercises of varying levels of difficulty, supplementing each chapter The text will be accessible to students with a standard first year course in mathematical logic. It will also be a useful reference for researchers in reverse mathematics, computability theory, proof theory, and related areas. Damir D. Dzhafarov is an Associate Professor of Mathematics at the University of Connecticut, CT, USA. Carl Mummert is a Professor of Computer and Information Technology at Marshall University, WV, USA.
Founding Mathematics On Semantic Conventions
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Author : Casper Storm Hansen
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2021-11-04
Founding Mathematics On Semantic Conventions written by Casper Storm Hansen and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-11-04 with Mathematics categories.
This book presents a new nominalistic philosophy of mathematics: semantic conventionalism. Its central thesis is that mathematics should be founded on the human ability to create language – and specifically, the ability to institute conventions for the truth conditions of sentences. This philosophical stance leads to an alternative way of practicing mathematics: instead of “building” objects out of sets, a mathematician should introduce new syntactical sentence types, together with their truth conditions, as he or she develops a theory. Semantic conventionalism is justified first through criticism of Cantorian set theory, intuitionism, logicism, and predicativism; then on its own terms; and finally, exemplified by a detailed reconstruction of arithmetic and real analysis. Also included is a simple solution to the liar paradox and the other paradoxes that have traditionally been recognized as semantic. And since it is argued that mathematics is semantics, this solution also applies to Russell’s paradox and the other mathematical paradoxes of self-reference. In addition to philosophers who care about the metaphysics and epistemology of mathematics or the paradoxes of self-reference, this book should appeal to mathematicians interested in alternative approaches.
Mathematical Logic And Its Applications
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Author : Dimiter G. Skordev
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Mathematical Logic And Its Applications written by Dimiter G. Skordev and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Mathematics categories.
The Summer School and Conference on Mathematical Logic and its Applications, September 24 - October 4, 1986, Druzhba, Bulgaria, was honourably dedicated to the 80-th anniversary of Kurt Godel (1906 - 1978), one of the greatest scientists of this (and not only of this) century. The main topics of the Meeting were: Logic and the Foundation of Mathematics; Logic and Computer Science; Logic, Philosophy, and the Study of Language; Kurt Godel's life and deed. The scientific program comprised 5 kinds of activities, namely: a) a Godel Session with 3 invited lecturers b) a Summer School with 17 invited lecturers c) a Conference with 13 contributed talks d) Seminar talks (one invited and 12 with no preliminary selection) e) three discussions The present volume reflects an essential part of this program, namely 14 of the invited lectures and all of the contributed talks. Not presented in the volltme remai ned si x of the i nvi ted lecturers who di d not submi t texts: Yu. Ershov - The Language of!:-expressions and its Semantics; S. Goncharov - Mathematical Foundations of Semantic Programming; Y. Moschovakis - Foundations of the Theory of Algorithms; N. Nagornyj - Is Realizability of Propositional Formulae a GBdelean Property; N. Shanin - Some Approaches to Finitization of Mathematical Analysis; V. Uspensky - Algorithms and Randomness - joint with A.N.
Introduction To Discrete Mathematics Via Logic And Proof
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Author : Calvin Jongsma
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2019-11-08
Introduction To Discrete Mathematics Via Logic And Proof written by Calvin Jongsma and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-11-08 with Mathematics categories.
This textbook introduces discrete mathematics by emphasizing the importance of reading and writing proofs. Because it begins by carefully establishing a familiarity with mathematical logic and proof, this approach suits not only a discrete mathematics course, but can also function as a transition to proof. Its unique, deductive perspective on mathematical logic provides students with the tools to more deeply understand mathematical methodology—an approach that the author has successfully classroom tested for decades. Chapters are helpfully organized so that, as they escalate in complexity, their underlying connections are easily identifiable. Mathematical logic and proofs are first introduced before moving onto more complex topics in discrete mathematics. Some of these topics include: Mathematical and structural induction Set theory Combinatorics Functions, relations, and ordered sets Boolean algebra and Boolean functions Graph theory Introduction to Discrete Mathematics via Logic and Proof will suit intermediate undergraduates majoring in mathematics, computer science, engineering, and related subjects with no formal prerequisites beyond a background in secondary mathematics.
