Die Aussenpolitik Der Bundesrepublik 1949 1992
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Die Aussenpolitik Der Bundesrepublik 1949 1992
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Author : Frank R. Pfetsch
language : de
Publisher:
Release Date : 1993
Die Aussenpolitik Der Bundesrepublik 1949 1992 written by Frank R. Pfetsch and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993 with Germany (West) categories.
The Federal Republic Of Germany Since 1949
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Author : Klaus Larres
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2014-08-27
The Federal Republic Of Germany Since 1949 written by Klaus Larres and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-08-27 with History categories.
Today the problems of reunification seem to feature more often in the international spotlight than the benefits. This timely volume offers a reassessment of Germany's postwar development from its inception through to reunification, including a thorough examination of the implications for economic, political and social policies. The impressive team of contributors include leading names in the history of modern Germany, together with some of the ablest younger scholars in the field. They are: Hartmut Berghoff, David Childs, Immanuel Geiss, Graham Hallett, Klaus Larres, Terry McNeill, Torsten Opelland, Richard Overy, Stephen Padgett, Panikos Panayi, and Mathias Siekmeier.
Germany Phoenix In Trouble
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Author : Matthias Zimmer
language : en
Publisher: University of Alberta
Release Date : 1997-05
Germany Phoenix In Trouble written by Matthias Zimmer and has been published by University of Alberta this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997-05 with Business & Economics categories.
As Germany - only recently united - approaches the twenty-first century, it is faced with a variety of political, economic and social problems that will put the country to the test.
Die Au Enpolitik Der Bundesrepublik Deutschland
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Author : Stephan Bierling
language : de
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Release Date : 2014-11-04
Die Au Enpolitik Der Bundesrepublik Deutschland written by Stephan Bierling and has been published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-11-04 with Political Science categories.
Das Werk zeichnet die Veränderungen des Handlungsspielraums der bundesdeutschen Außenpolitik in den letzten 50 Jahren nach, arbeitet Konstanten heraus und legt Perioden fest. Dazu werden auch die Rahmenbedingungen, Mittel und Methoden, Aktionsfelder und Entscheidungsprozesse untersucht.
Three Germanies
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Author : Michael Gehler
language : en
Publisher: Reaktion Books
Release Date : 2020-10-07
Three Germanies written by Michael Gehler and has been published by Reaktion Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-10-07 with History categories.
Following the defeat of the Third Reich in 1945, Germany has experienced recurring turmoil and reinvention. In this ambitious book, Michael Gehler explores the political path Germany has taken since the Yalta Conference, observing the different Germanies against the background of the Cold War, European integration, and international relations. Written from an independent perspective, it provides a valuable assessment of our own times, as he shows how the three Germanies (Bonn, Pankow, and today’s “Berlin Republic”) sought to establish governments that could create stable states.
The Foundations Of Ostpolitik
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Author : Julia von Dannenberg
language : en
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Release Date : 2008-01-10
The Foundations Of Ostpolitik written by Julia von Dannenberg and has been published by OUP Oxford this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-01-10 with History categories.
Based on recently released archival sources, this book is the first systematic analysis of the German-Soviet negotiations leading to the conclusion of the Moscow Treaty of August 1970. This treaty was the linchpin of the 'New Ostpolitik' launched by Chancellor Willy Brandt's government as a policy of reconciliation and an attempt to normalize relations with the countries of the Eastern bloc. Focusing on the decision-making processes, both within the German domestic political system as well as within the international context, this study offers a new interpretation of the shift from confrontational to détente politics at this time, arguing that the Moscow Treaty was the product of various interrelated domestic and external factors. As Dannenberg shows, the change of government to a Social-Liberal coalition was the first important precondition for Ostpolitik, while the speedy conclusion of the Moscow Treaty owed much to the high degree of secrecy and centralization that characterized Brandt's policy-making and that of his small coterie of advisors. However, Brandt's predominance in the decision-making process does not mean that he alone determined the direction of policy. His room for manoeuvre was, amongst other things, constrained by his coalition's narrow parliamentary majority as well as the Western Allies' special rights. On the other hand, German-Soviet trade expansion, public opinion, and the emerging international interest in détente in the mid-1960s were crucial factors favouring Ostpolitik. It was in this configuration of circumstances that Brandt placed himself at the forefront of the movement towards détente between East and West by introducing his bold diplomatic design - one that had the reunification of Germany as its ultimate goal.
There Are Two German States And Two Must Remain
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Author : Deborah Cuccia
language : en
Publisher: Georg Olms Verlag
Release Date : 2019
There Are Two German States And Two Must Remain written by Deborah Cuccia and has been published by Georg Olms Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with History categories.
In the night of 9 November the images of thousands of Eastern Germans pouring into Berlin security checkpoints at Bernauerstraße and West Berliners knocking the first brick out of the Wall literally travelled around the world. More than any other frontier, the division of Berlin as its physical representation epitomized in peoples mind the ultimate sign of the division of Europe into spheres of influence. More than any other event in Central Eastern Europe, the Berlin Walls demolition contributed to reshape both geographical maps and ideological camps. It is, therefore, not in the least surprising that these events captured the attention of millions of Europeans, ranging from present-day observers to prominent experts. Still, throughout the years, the main research focus has been either on the inner German dynamics or on the role played by the Superpowers. With the 30th anniversary of the fall of the Wall in the offing and an apparent creeping estrangement between Italy and Germany making the front page, the time is ripe for providing deeper insights into the reactions arising in Italy from the German events. How did the Italian vision of the German Question evolve? How did Rome perceive and react to the process leading to German unity? What kind of tools had the European integration process and the evolution of the Italian-German relations? How did Rome cope with the challenge issued by this acceleration of history? In answering these questions, the book goes far beyond the limitations imposed by a traditional diplomatic and foreign policy approach, embracing also the economic and cultural levels, as well as the mass media. The year 1989 was a test of the level of maturity attained by the Italian-German couple, which casts a long shadow that goes far beyond their respective national borders.
Germany As A Civilian Power
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Author : Sebastian Harnisch
language : en
Publisher: Manchester University Press
Release Date : 2001
Germany As A Civilian Power written by Sebastian Harnisch and has been published by Manchester University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001 with History categories.
Drawing upon a multi-disciplinary methodology employing diverse written sources, material practices and vivid life histories, Faith in the family seeks to assess the impact of the Second Vatican Council on the ordinary believer, alongside contemporaneous shifts in British society relating to social mobility, the sixties, sexual morality and secularisation. Chapters examine the changes in the Roman Catholic liturgy and Christology; devotion to Mary, the rosary and the place of women in the family and church, as well as the enduring (but shifting) popularity of Saints Bernadette and Thérèse.Appealing to students of modern British gender and cultural history, as well as a general readership interested in religious life in Britain in the second half of the twentieth century, Faith in the family illustrates that despite unmistakable differences in their cultural accoutrements and interpretations of Catholicism, English Catholics continued to identify with and practise the 'Faith of Our Fathers' before and after Vatican II.
The End Of The Cold War
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Author : Alexander von Plato
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2016-01-26
The End Of The Cold War written by Alexander von Plato and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-01-26 with History categories.
This carefully researched history draws on archival sources as well as a wealth of new interviews with on-the-ground activists, political actors, international figures, and others to move beyond the narratives both the German and American varieties that have dominated the historical memory of German reunification.
Kennedy Adenauer And The Making Of The Berlin Wall 1958 1961
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Author : Fabian Rueger
language : en
Publisher: Stanford University
Release Date : 2011
Kennedy Adenauer And The Making Of The Berlin Wall 1958 1961 written by Fabian Rueger and has been published by Stanford University this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with categories.
Kennedy, Adenauer and the Making of the Berlin Wall, 1958-1961 The Second Berlin Crisis, which began with Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev's threat to sign a separate peace treaty with East Germany in November 1958, has largely been interpreted by foreign policy historians as a conflict between the superpowers, in which the dependent allies - the Federal Republic of Germany and the GDR - had almost no influence on the course of events that led to the erection of the Berlin Wall. This interpretation served the political purposes of the governments involved for most of the Cold War. The Kennedy administration as leading government of the Western world could claim to have successfully managed a difficult crisis; the Adenauer administration and the Ulbricht regime could both point to Washington's and Moscow's responsibility for the division of Germany's capital; and Khrushchev, as leading statesman of the Warsaw pact, could finally deliver on some of his promises made to the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. However, recent findings suggest that Ulbricht, not Khrushchev, was the driving force behind the decision to close the East Berlin sector. In the course of the first two years of the Kennedy administration, severe problems arose in West German-American relations. It is time to ask how the West German government's interactions with the Kennedy administration influenced the course of the crisis. President Eisenhower had seemingly managed to avoid an escalation of the Berlin crisis from 1958 to late 1960. This came at the cost of increasing pressure for his successor to find a solution. Ten months into the Kennedy administration, Berlin was divided by a wall, and American and Soviet tanks faced each other at Checkpoint Charlie. This dissertation reexamines the interactions between the Western governments, in particular between West Germany and the United States during the Second Berlin Crisis, and shows how these affected the outcome of the crisis. The first chapter serves as an introduction to the historiography of the Berlin Crisis and German-American relations in the period, especially between the Kennedy and Adenauer governments, and defines the pertinent questions; the second chapter provides an outline of the first two years of the crisis and the Eisenhower administration's approach to Adenauer and Berlin, especially as to Western policy on Berlin when the Eisenhower administration handed over the reins; the third to fifth chapters trace the Kennedy administration's and Chancellor Adenauer's interactions during the crisis in 1961 with particular regard to the actual sealing off of West Berlin, and the last chapter finally serves as an overview of the immediate aftermath. I argue that four key assumptions about the Berlin Wall crisis in 1961 can no longer be upheld: 1. The claim that Kennedy had stood firm on Berlin and merely continued the Eisenhower posture on Berlin is wrong. Instead, the Kennedy administration attempted to find new approaches to Berlin and Germany in line with its general revision of US foreign policy. 2. The notion that the closing of the sector border came as a surprise is not supported by the documents. President Kennedy had been informed numerous times that a closing of the sector border could be expected within the year. 3. Adenauer's policy to prevent diplomatic recognition of the GDR contributed to an escalation of Washington's search for alternative policy options, rather than slowing them. The West German election campaign in 1961 further limited the chancellor's willingness to make changes to his foreign policy. The Kennedy administration eventually sought accommodation with Khrushchev without consulting Bonn. 4. Inherent conceptual mistakes in Kennedy's early foreign policy agenda exacerbated the crisis, rather than contributed to its eventual solution. An additional lack of trust between West Germany and the United States complicated and delayed the attempt to find a more coherent, unified Western approach. All four Western governments anticipated an end to the refugee flow through West Berlin as the first step in a crisis escalation, while developing no contingency plans for this step. The lack of any political intention to prevent the expected stop of the refugee flow became the casting mould for Ulbricht's plan to close the sector border, a plan Khrushchev eventually made his own. By leaving Ulbricht and Khrushchev with only one option, Western policies on Berlin and Germany unwillingly conspired to force East Germany to face its systemic flaws in the summer of 1961.