Die Wiederentdeckung Afrikas Und Die Folgen Der Portugiesischen Expansion
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Die Wiederentdeckung Afrikas Und Die Folgen Der Portugiesischen Expansion
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Author : Stefan Sebastian Bahn
language : de
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Release Date : 2011-06-17
Die Wiederentdeckung Afrikas Und Die Folgen Der Portugiesischen Expansion written by Stefan Sebastian Bahn and has been published by GRIN Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-06-17 with History categories.
Studienarbeit aus dem Jahr 2011 im Fachbereich Weltgeschichte - Moderne Geschichte, Note: 2,0 , Otto-Friedrich-Universität Bamberg (Institut für Geschichte), Veranstaltung: Portugal und das portugiesische Kolonialreich.Eine Einführung in die europäische Expansion., Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: 1. Einleitung Im 15. Jahrhundert begannen unter Heinrich der Seefahrer (1394-1460) zahlreiche Expeditionen nach Afrika und die den Kontinent umgebenden Inseln. Durch permanente Weiterentwicklung der Schiffe und Navigationsgeräte sowie das Anfertigen von Seekarten weiteten diese sich stetig aus. Getrieben von Entdeckungswillen und den Missionierungsgedanken erforschte Portugal als erste europäische Nation den damals so wahrgenommenen dritten Kontinent. Da im Laufe der Zeit das umfangreiche antike Wissen über Afrika verschwand gingen die Invasoren ein beträchtliches Risiko mit ihren Expeditionen ein. Der Aberglaube war eines der Hindernisse der damaligen Zeit. Mit der Entdeckung des Seeweges nach Indien (1498) stieg Portugal rasch zu einer großen Seefahrernation auf. Wirtschaftliche Interessen standen durch den Handel von Gewürzen, Gold und Sklaven jedoch bald im Vordergrund. Der bislang wichtigste Faktor der Expansion, der Missionierungsgedanke wich nunmehr Handelsinteressen. Portugal erhob sich rasch zu einem der wichtigsten Wirtschaftsmotoren auf den afrikanischen Kontinent der damaligen Zeit. Die Stärkung des Christentums durch den sagenumwobenen Priesterkönig Johannes in Äthiopien geriet hierbei zu einer militärischen Interessensfrage. Um dem Expansionswillen und dem Handel gerecht zu werden, wurde dieser Kontakt nun aus nichtreligiösen Gründen angestrebt. Portugal verfügte über Kolonien in Übersee und identifiziert sich noch heute mit seinem Erbe eine der größten Seefahrer- und Entdeckungsnationen. Die Arbeit befasst sich mit den Anfängen der portugiesischen Expansion nach Afrika, bis zu dem exzessiven Handel, sowie der Missionierung. Anhand von Quellen und Berichten sollen die Fragen geklärt werden wie die Ureinwohner Afrikas missioniert wurden und welche Mittel dabei angewandt wurden. Eine weitere Frage ist, welche Interessen die Entdecker verfolgten und warum die Missionierung aus ihrer Sicht notwendig war. Ebenso soll die Frage geklärt werden inwiefern der wirtschaftliche Gedanke in der Expansion verankert war und der Handel zu Anfang der Reisen von statten ging, bis zum Handel in der Blütezeit der portugiesischen Expansion.
Portuguese Oceanic Expansion 1400 1800
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Author : Francisco Bethencourt
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2007-04-30
Portuguese Oceanic Expansion 1400 1800 written by Francisco Bethencourt and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-04-30 with History categories.
A unique overview of Portuguese oceanic expansion between 1400 and 1800, the essays in this volume treat a wide range of subjects - economy and society, politics and institutions, cultural configurations and comparative dimensions - and radically update data and interpretations on the economic and financial trends of the Portuguese Empire. Interregional networks are analysed in a substantial way. Patterns of settlement, political configurations, ecclesiastical structures, and local powers are put in global context. Language and literature, the arts, and science and technology are revisited with refreshing and innovative approaches. The interaction between Portuguese and local people is studied in different contexts, while the entire imperial and colonial culture of the Portuguese world is looked at synthetically for the first time. In short, this book provides a broad understanding of the Portuguese Empire in its first four centuries as a factor in world history and as a major component of European expansion.
The Lusiad
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Author : Luís de Camões
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1809
The Lusiad written by Luís de Camões and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1809 with Poetry, Portuguese categories.
The Portuguese In West Africa 1415 1670
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Author : Malyn Newitt
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2010-06-28
The Portuguese In West Africa 1415 1670 written by Malyn Newitt and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-06-28 with History categories.
The Portuguese in West Africa, 1415–1670 brings together a collection of documents - all in new English translation - that illustrate aspects of the encounters between the Portuguese and the peoples of North and West Africa in the period from 1400 to 1650. This period witnessed the diaspora of the Sephardic Jews, the emigration of Portuguese to West Africa and the islands, and the beginnings of the black diaspora associated with the slave trade. The documents show how the Portuguese tried to understand the societies with which they came into contact and to reconcile their experience with the myths and legends inherited from classical and medieval learning. They also show how Africans reacted to the coming of Europeans, adapting Christian ideas to local beliefs and making use of exotic imports and European technologies. The documents also describe the evolution of the black Portuguese communities in Guinea and the islands, as well as the slave trade and the way that it was organized, understood, and justified.
Macau
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Author : Jonathan Porter
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2018-02-23
Macau written by Jonathan Porter and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-02-23 with Political Science categories.
"For many people who have encountered it, Macau makes a deep impression on the imagination, as if the city were not entirely real or, rather, not of the real world. Macau often seems dreamlike, as though it were sustained by the effort of some powerful imagination." In this evocative essay on the cultural and social history of a unique and fragile city, Jonathan Porter examines Macau as an enduring but ever-changing threshold between East and West. Founded by the Portuguese in 1557, Macau emerged as a vibrant commercial and cultural hub in the early seventeenth century. The city then gradually evolved, flourishing first as a Eurasian community in the eighteenth century and then as an increasingly Chinese city in the nineteenth century. Macau became a modern manufacturing center in the late twentieth century and is now destined for reversion to the People’s Republic of China in 1999. The city was the meeting ground for many cultures, but central to this fascinating story is the encounter between an expansive, seaborne Portuguese empire and the introspective, closed world of imperial China. Unlike the other great colonial port cities of Asia, Macau did not provide natural access to the hinterland, and this geographical and historical isolation has fostered a unique balance of cultural influences that survives to this day. Poised on the periphery of two worlds, an isolated but global crossroads, Macau is a unique cultural and social melange that illuminates crucial issues of cross-cultural exchange in world history. Establishing Portugal and China as distinct cultural archetypes, Porter then examines the subsequent encounters of East and West in Macau from the sixteenth to the twentieth century. Avoiding the traditional linear chronological approach, Porter instead looks at a series of images from the city’s history and culture, including its place in the geographical context of the South China coast; the architecture of Macau, which reflects the memories of its historical passages; the variety of people who crossed the threshold of Macau; the material culture of everyday life; and the spiritual topography resulting from the encounters of popular religious movements in Macau. Jonathan Porter concludes his literary journey by reflecting on the character and meaning of the many cultural and social influences that have met and mingled in Macau. His words and photographs eloquently capture the essence of a place that seems too ephemeral to be real, too captivating to be anything but an imaginary city.
The Portuguese Empire 1415 1808
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Author : A. J. R. Russell-Wood
language : en
Publisher: JHU Press
Release Date : 2020-10-06
The Portuguese Empire 1415 1808 written by A. J. R. Russell-Wood and has been published by JHU Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-10-06 with History categories.
Winner of the Dom João de Castro Prize for Portuguese History This is the story of the first and one of the greatest colonial empires: its birth, apotheosis, and decline. By approaching the history of the Portuguese empire thematically, A. J. R. Russell-Wood is able to pursue ideas and make connections that previously have been constrained by strict chronological approaches. Using the study of movement as a focus, Russell-Wood gains unique insight into the diversity, breadth, and balance between the competing interests and priorities that characterized the Portuguese culture and its expansion spanning four centuries' events on four different continents.
Medicolegal Death Investigation And Thermal Injuries
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Author : Pakam Rimea
language : en
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Release Date : 2014-12-02
Medicolegal Death Investigation And Thermal Injuries written by Pakam Rimea and has been published by GRIN Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-12-02 with Medical categories.
Scientific Essay from the year 2013 in the subject Medicine - Pathology, grade: 1, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, language: English, abstract: This document describes the most common types of thermal injuries in-depth from the perspective of the medico-legal death investigator. It cites the latest knowledge in order to compare and contrast thermal injuries, provides data on how a death investigator can distinguish between injury types, and explores the effects of exposure to different heat sources on the body. The text also advises the death investigator on how to establish identity and cause of death, even when a body has been badly disfigured.
Colonial Fantasies
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Author : Susanne Zantop
language : en
Publisher: Duke University Press
Release Date : 1997-09-10
Colonial Fantasies written by Susanne Zantop and has been published by Duke University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997-09-10 with History categories.
Since Germany became a colonial power relatively late, postcolonial theorists and histories of colonialism have thus far paid little attention to it. Uncovering Germany’s colonial legacy and imagination, Susanne Zantop reveals the significance of colonial fantasies—a kind of colonialism without colonies—in the formation of German national identity. Through readings of historical, anthropological, literary, and popular texts, Zantop explores imaginary colonial encounters of "Germans" with "natives" in late-eighteenth- and early-nineteenth-century literature, and shows how these colonial fantasies acted as a rehearsal for actual colonial ventures in Africa, South America, and the Pacific. From as early as the sixteenth century, Germans preoccupied themselves with an imaginary drive for colonial conquest and possession that eventually grew into a collective obsession. Zantop illustrates the gendered character of Germany’s colonial imagination through critical readings of popular novels, plays, and travel literature that imagine sexual conquest and surrender in colonial territory—or love and blissful domestic relations between colonizer and colonized. She looks at scientific articles, philosophical essays, and political pamphlets that helped create a racist colonial discourse and demonstrates that from its earliest manifestations, the German colonial imagination contained ideas about a specifically German national identity, different from, if not superior to, most others.
German Colonialism And National Identity
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Author : Michael Perraudin
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2010-09-14
German Colonialism And National Identity written by Michael Perraudin and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-09-14 with History categories.
German colonialism is a thriving field of study. From North America to Japan, within Germany, Austria and Switzerland, scholars are increasingly applying post-colonial questions and methods to the study of Germany and its culture. However, no introduction on this emerging field of study has combined political and cultural approaches, the study of literature and art, and the examination of both metropolitan and local discourses and memories. This book will fill that gap and offer a broad prelude, of interest to any scholar and student of German history and culture as well as of colonialism in general. It will be an indispensable tool for both undergraduate and postgraduate teaching. .
Rigorous Mathematical Thinking
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Author : James T. Kinard
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2008-06-02
Rigorous Mathematical Thinking written by James T. Kinard and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-06-02 with Psychology categories.
This book demonstrates how rigorous mathematical thinking can be fostered through the development of students' cognitive tools and operations. This approach seems to be particularly effective with socially disadvantaged and culturally different students. The authors argue that children's cognitive functions cannot be viewed as following a natural maturational path: they should be actively constructed during the educational process. The Rigorous Mathematical Thinking (RMT) model is based on two major theoretical approaches – Vygotsky's theory of psychological tools and Feuerstein's concept of mediated learning experience. The book starts with general cognitive tools that are essential for all types of problem solving and then moves to mathematically specific cognitive tools and methods for utilizing these tools for mathematical conceptual formation. The application of the RMT model in various urban classrooms demonstrates how mathematics education standards can be reached even by the students with a history of educational failure who were considered hopeless underachievers.