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Digital Contact Tracing For Pandemic Response

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Author : Jeffrey P. Kahn
language : en
Publisher: JHU Press
Release Date : 2020-05-29

Digital Contact Tracing For Pandemic Response written by Jeffrey P. Kahn and has been published by JHU Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-05-29 with Medical categories.

As nations race to hone contact-tracing efforts, the world's experts consider strategies for maximum transparency and impact. As public health professionals around the world work tirelessly to respond to the COVID-19 pandemic, it is clear that traditional methods of contact tracing need to be augmented in order to help address a public health crisis of unprecedented scope. Innovators worldwide are racing to develop and implement novel public-facing technology solutions, including digital contact tracing technology. These technological products may aid public health surveillance and containment strategies for this pandemic and become part of the larger toolbox for future infectious outbreak prevention and control. As technology evolves in an effort to meet our current moment, Johns Hopkins Project on Ethics and Governance of Digital Contact Tracing Technologies—a rapid research and expert consensus group effort led by Dr. Jeffrey P. Kahn of the Johns Hopkins Berman Institute of Bioethics in collaboration with the university's Center for Health Security—carried out an in-depth analysis of the technology and the issues it raises. Drawing on this analysis, they produced a report that includes detailed recommendations for technology companies, policymakers, institutions, employers, and the public. The project brings together perspectives from bioethics, health security, public health, technology development, engineering, public policy, and law to wrestle with the complex interactions of the many facets of the technology and its applications. This team of experts from Johns Hopkins University and other world-renowned institutions has crafted clear and detailed guidelines to help manage the creation, implementation, and application of digital contact tracing. Digital Contact Tracing for Pandemic Response is the essential resource for this fast-moving crisis. Contributors: Joseph Ali, JD; Anne Barnhill, PhD; Anita Cicero, JD; Katelyn Esmonde, PhD; Amelia Hood, MA; Brian Hutler, Phd, JD; Jeffrey P. Kahn, PhD, MPH; Alan Regenberg, MBE; Crystal Watson, DrPH, MPH; Matthew Watson; Robert Califf, MD, MACC; Ruth Faden, PhD, MPH; Divya Hosangadi, MSPH; Nancy Kass, ScD; Alain Labrique, PhD, MHS, MS; Deven McGraw, JD, MPH, LLM; Michelle Mello, JD, PhD; Michael Parker, BEd (Hons), MA, PhD; Stephen Ruckman, JD, MSc, MAR; Lainie Rutkow, JD, MPH, PhD; Josh Sharfstein, MD; Jeremy Sugarman, MD, MPH, MA; Eric Toner, MD; Mar Trotochaud, MSPH; Effy Vayena, PhD; Tal Zarsky, JSD, LLM, LLB

Digital Contact Tracing For Pandemic Response

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Author : Jeffrey P. Kahn
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020

Digital Contact Tracing For Pandemic Response written by Jeffrey P. Kahn and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020 with COVID-19 (Disease) categories.

"Technologies of digital contact tracing have been used in several countries to help in the surveillance and containment of COVID-19. These technologies have promise, but they also raise important ethical, legal, and governance challenges that require comprehensive analysis in order to support decision-making. Johns Hopkins University recognized the importance of helping to guide this process and organized an expert group with members from inside and outside the university. This expert group urges a stepwise approach that prioritizes the alignment of technology with public health needs, building choice into design architecture and capturing real-world results and impacts to allow for adjustments as required"--

Digital Contact Tracing For Pandemic Response

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Author : Jeffrey P. Kahn
language : en
Publisher: Johns Hopkins University Press
Release Date : 2020-05-29

Digital Contact Tracing For Pandemic Response written by Jeffrey P. Kahn and has been published by Johns Hopkins University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-05-29 with Medical categories.

Tracing Digital Contact Tracing

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Author : Yue Yang
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020

Tracing Digital Contact Tracing written by Yue Yang and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020 with categories.

In many societies, during large-scale crises such as those involving public health or national security, privacy is often framed as an individual value, right, or responsibility that can be sacrificed, pitted against more important public and social values. Yet, the social importance of privacy has been suggested by various scholars, considering its value for a democratic political system, societal trust, and interdependent or networked nature of privacy. As such, we also find the dichotomous framing that considers privacy as an individual right to be traded off for other public values misleading. It delegitimates discussions and concerns around privacy, and by doing so, unduly privileges some agendas at the sacrifice of certain individuals or marginalized communities.We started this collaborative project, acknowledging such individualistic conceptualization of privacy to be problematic. This project is an attempt to start brainstorming alternative thinking and framing of privacy, particularly in the context of restrained mobility during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. That is, privacy is not necessarily what individuals or certain groups of people should give up when the bigger communities are perceived to be under threat or crisis. Rather, privacy needs to be considered as a collective value and right, which should be carefully considered in discussion of ways to overcome different modes of crises in society. For example, if we are not carefully protective of everyone's privacy rights during the pandemic, considering only the benefits of being able to trace individuals' or specific populations' health records or movements, the consequence may be tied to dire social problems, especially racism and discrimination, which would reinforce existing social polarization with long-lasting impacts on society.We focused on digital contact tracing methods introduced in different parts of the world (i.e., USA, China, and South Korea) to conduct a comparative case study that surveys how each country has approached the global public health crisis at the national level and what implications it brought to the understanding, discourse, and protection of privacy. For case studies on the three countries, we took an approach of “thin description” to reflect upon a variety of texts identified for each country's context (i.e., the popular press, academic articles, legal documents, government and corporate informational materials). The purpose of this project was rather to provide a brief but a critical overview of privacy implications along with the digital contact tracing technologies introduced and implemented in the three countries that have divergent cultures and political systems.

Digital Contact Tracing Technology

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Author : Figliola
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020

Digital Contact Tracing Technology written by Figliola and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020 with categories.

Digital Contact Tracing For Pandemic Response Ethics And Governance Guidance

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Author : Jeffrey Kahn
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020

Digital Contact Tracing For Pandemic Response Ethics And Governance Guidance written by Jeffrey Kahn and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020 with Public aspects of medicine categories.

As public health professionals around the world work tirelessly to respond to the COVID-19 pandemic, it is clear that traditional methods of contact tracing need to be augmented in order to help address a public health crisis of unprecedented scope. Innovators worldwide are racing to develop and implement novel public-facing technology solutions, including digital contact tracing technology. These technological products may aid public health surveillance and containment strategies for this pandemic and become part of the larger toolbox for future infectious outbreak prevention and control. As technology evolves in an effort to meet our current moment, Johns Hopkins Project on Ethics and Governance of Digital Contact Tracing Technologiesa rapid research and expert consensus group effort led by Dr. Jeffrey Kahn of the Johns Hopkins Berman Institute of Bioethics in collaboration with the university's Center for Health Securitycarried out an in-depth analysis of the technology and the issues it raises. Drawing on this analysis, they produced a report that includes detailed recommendations for technology companies, policymakers, institutions, employers, and the public. The project brings together perspectives from bioethics, health security, public health, technology development, engineering, public policy, and law to wrestle with the complex interactions of the many facets of the technology and its applications. This team of experts from Johns Hopkins University and other world-renowned institutions has crafted clear and detailed guidelines to help manage the creation, implementation, and application of digital contact tracing. Digital Contact Tracing Technology for Pandemic Response is the essential resource for this fast-moving crisis.

Perspectives On Digital Humanism

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Author : Hannes Werthner
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2021-11-23

Perspectives On Digital Humanism written by Hannes Werthner and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-11-23 with Computers categories.

This open access book aims to set an agenda for research and action in the field of Digital Humanism through short essays written by selected thinkers from a variety of disciplines, including computer science, philosophy, education, law, economics, history, anthropology, political science, and sociology. This initiative emerged from the Vienna Manifesto on Digital Humanism and the associated lecture series. Digital Humanism deals with the complex relationships between people and machines in digital times. It acknowledges the potential of information technology. At the same time, it points to societal threats such as privacy violations and ethical concerns around artificial intelligence, automation and loss of jobs, ongoing monopolization on the Web, and sovereignty. Digital Humanism aims to address these topics with a sense of urgency but with a constructive mindset. The book argues for a Digital Humanism that analyses and, most importantly, influences the complex interplay of technology and humankind toward a better society and life while fully respecting universal human rights. It is a call to shaping technologies in accordance with human values and needs.

Responsible Artificial Intelligence

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Author : Virginia Dignum
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2019-11-04

Responsible Artificial Intelligence written by Virginia Dignum and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-11-04 with Computers categories.

In this book, the author examines the ethical implications of Artificial Intelligence systems as they integrate and replace traditional social structures in new sociocognitive-technological environments. She discusses issues related to the integrity of researchers, technologists, and manufacturers as they design, construct, use, and manage artificially intelligent systems; formalisms for reasoning about moral decisions as part of the behavior of artificial autonomous systems such as agents and robots; and design methodologies for social agents based on societal, moral, and legal values. Throughout the book the author discusses related work, conscious of both classical, philosophical treatments of ethical issues and the implications in modern, algorithmic systems, and she combines regular references and footnotes with suggestions for further reading. This short overview is suitable for undergraduate students, in both technical and non-technical courses, and for interested and concerned researchers, practitioners, and citizens.

People Count

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Author : Susan Landau
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 2021-04-06

People Count written by Susan Landau and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-04-06 with Computers categories.

An introduction to the technology of contact tracing and its usefulness for public health, considering questions of efficacy, equity, and privacy. How do you stop a pandemic before a vaccine arrives? Contact tracing is key, the first step in a process that has proven effective: trace, test, and isolate. Smartphones can collect some of the information required by contact tracers--not just where you've been but also who's been near you. Can we repurpose the tracking technology that we carry with us--devices with GPS, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and social media connectivity--to serve public health in a pandemic? In People Count, cybersecurity expert Susan Landau looks at some of the apps developed for contact tracing during the COVID-19 pandemic, finding that issues of effectiveness and equity intersect. Landau explains the effectiveness (or ineffectiveness) of a range of technological interventions, including dongles in Singapore that collect proximity information; India's biometric national identity system; Harvard University's experiment, TraceFi; and China's surveillance network. Other nations rejected China-style surveillance in favor of systems based on Bluetooth, GPS, and cell towers, but Landau explains the limitations of these technologies. She also reports that many current apps appear to be premised on a model of middle-class income and a job that can be done remotely. How can they be effective when low-income communities and front-line workers are the ones who are hit hardest by the virus? COVID-19 will not be our last pandemic; we need to get this essential method of infection control right.

Smittestopp A Case Study On Digital Contact Tracing

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Author : Ahmed Elmokashfi
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2022-07-19

Smittestopp A Case Study On Digital Contact Tracing written by Ahmed Elmokashfi and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-07-19 with Mathematics categories.

This open access book describes Smittestopp, the first Norwegian system for digital contact tracing of Covid-19 infections, which was developed in March and early April 2020. The system was deployed after five weeks of development and was active for a little more than two months, when a drop in infection levels in Norway and privacy concerns led to shutting it down. The intention of this book is twofold. First, it reports on the design choices made in the development phase. Second, as one of the only systems in the world that collected population data into a central database and which was used for an entire population, we can share experience on how the design choices impacted the system's operation. By sharing lessons learned and the challenges faced during the development and deployment of the technology, we hope that this book can be a valuable guide for experts from different domains, such as big data collection and analysis, application development, and deployment in a national population, as well as digital tracing.

Digital Contact Tracing Technology

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