Diocles On Burning Mirrors
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Diocles On Burning Mirrors
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Author : G. J. Toomer
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Diocles On Burning Mirrors written by G. J. Toomer and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Mathematics categories.
This publication would not have been what it is without the help of many institutions and people, which I acknowledge most gratefully. I thank the Central Library and Documentation Center, Iran, and its director, Mr. Iraji Afshar, for permission to publish photo graphs of that part of ms. 392 of the Shrine Library, Meshhed, containing Diocles' treatise. I also thank the authorities of the Shrine Library, and especially Mr. Ahmad GolchTn-Ma'anT, for their cooperation in providing photographs of the manuscript. Mr. GolchTn Ma'anT also sent me, most generously, a copy of his catalogue of the astronomical and mathematical manuscripts of the Shrine Library. I am grateful to the Chester Beatty Library, Dublin, and the Universiteits-Bibliotheek, Leid'en, for providing me with microfilms of manuscripts I wished to consult, and to the Biblioteca Ambrosiana, Milan, for granting me access to its manuscripts. The text pages in Arabic script and the Index of Technical Terms were set by a computer-assisted phototypesetting system, using computer programs developed at the University of Washington and a high-speed image-generation phototypesetting device. A continuous stream of text on punched cards was fed through the Katib formatting program, which broke up the text into lines and pages and arranged the section numbers and apparatus on each page. Output from Katib was fed through the compositor program Hattat to create a magnetic tape for use on the VideoComp phototypesetter.
The Forgotten Revolution
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Author : Lucio Russo
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-12-01
The Forgotten Revolution written by Lucio Russo and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-12-01 with Science categories.
The period from the late fourth to the late second century B. C. witnessed, in Greek-speaking countries, an explosion of objective knowledge about the external world. WhileGreek culture had reached great heights in art, literature and philosophyalreadyin the earlier classical era, it is in the so-called Hellenistic period that we see for the ?rst time — anywhere in the world — the appearance of science as we understand it now: not an accumulation of facts or philosophically based speculations, but an or- nized effort to model nature and apply such models, or scienti?ctheories in a sense we will make precise, to the solution of practical problems and to a growing understanding of nature. We owe this new approach to scientists such as Archimedes, Euclid, Eratosthenes and many others less familiar todaybut no less remarkable. Yet, not long after this golden period, much of this extraordinary dev- opment had been reversed. Rome borrowed what it was capable of from the Greeks and kept it for a little while yet, but created very little science of its own. Europe was soon smothered in theobscurantism and stasis that blocked most avenues of intellectual development for a thousand years — until, as is well known, the rediscovery of ancient culture in its fullness paved the way to the modern age.
Textual Studies In Ancient And Medieval Geometry
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Author : W.R. Knorr
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Textual Studies In Ancient And Medieval Geometry written by W.R. Knorr and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Mathematics categories.
For textual studies relating to the ancient mathematical corpus the efforts by the Danish philologist, 1. L. Heiberg (1854-1928), are especially significant. Beginning with his doctoral dissertation, Quaestiones Archimedeae (Copen hagen, 1879), Heiberg produced an astonishing series of editions and critical studies that remain the foundation of scholarship on Greek mathematical 4 science. For comprehensiveness and accuracy, his editions are exemplary. In his textual studies, as also in the prolegomena to his editions, he carefully described the extant evidence, organized the manuscripts into stemmata, and drew out the implications for the state of the text. 5 With regard to his Archimedean work, Heiberg sometimes betrayed signs of the philologist's occupational disease - the tendency to rewrite a text deemed on subjective grounds to be unworthy. 6 But he did so less often than his prominent 7 contemporaries, and not as to detract appreciably from the value of his editions. In examining textual questions bearing on the Archimedean corpus, he attempted to exploit as much as possible evidence from the ancient commentators, and in some instances from the medieval translations. It is here that opportunities abound for new work, extending, and in some instances superseding, Heiberg's findings. For at his time the availability of the medieval materials was limited. In recent years Marshall Clagett has completed a mammoth critical edition of the medieval Latin tradition of Archimedes,8 while the bibliographical instruments for the Arabic tradition are in good order thanks to the work of Fuat Sezgin.
Atti Della Fondazione Giorgio Ronchi Anno Anno Lx N 3
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Lucia Ronchi
Release Date :
Atti Della Fondazione Giorgio Ronchi Anno Anno Lx N 3 written by and has been published by Lucia Ronchi this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with categories.
Apollonius Of Perga S Conica
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Author : Michael Fried
language : en
Publisher: BRILL
Release Date : 2017-09-18
Apollonius Of Perga S Conica written by Michael Fried and has been published by BRILL this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-09-18 with Literary Criticism categories.
This volume contains a historically sensitive analysis and interpretation of Apollonius of Perga's Conica, one of the greatest works of Hellenistic mathematics. It provides a long overdue alternative to H. G. Zeuthen's Die Lehre von den Kogelschnitten im Altertum.
The Oxford Handbook Of Science And Medicine In The Classical World
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Author : Paul Turquand Keyser
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2018
The Oxford Handbook Of Science And Medicine In The Classical World written by Paul Turquand Keyser and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with History categories.
With a focus on science in the ancient societies of Greece and Rome, including glimpses into Egypt, Mesopotamia, India and China, 'The Oxford Handbook of Science and Medicine in the Classical World' offers an in depth synthesis of science and medicine circa 650 BCE to 650 CE. 0The Handbook comprises five sections, each with a specific focus on ancient science and medicine. The Handbook provides through each of its approximately four dozen essays, a synthesis and synopsis of the concepts and models of the various ancient natural sciences, covering the early Greek era through the fall of the Roman Republic, including essays that explore topics such as music theory, ancient philosophers, astrology, and alchemy.
Ptolemy And The Foundations Of Ancient Mathematical Optics
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Author : A. Mark Smith
language : en
Publisher: American Philosophical Society
Release Date : 1999
Ptolemy And The Foundations Of Ancient Mathematical Optics written by A. Mark Smith and has been published by American Philosophical Society this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999 with Mathematics categories.
Contents: (I) Ancient Theories of Visual Perception: The Physics of Vision; The Physiology of Vision; The Psychology of Visual Perception; (II) Optics Proper: Analysis of Direct Vision: The Visual Cone; The Visual Perception of Physical Space; Binocular Vision; (III) Catoptrics: Analysis of Vision by Reflected Rays: The Law of Equal Angles; Multiple Reflections and Multiple Images; The Principles of Image-Location; Image-Formation and Distortion; Visual Effecs from Composite Mirrors; (IV) Dioptrics: Analysis of Vision by Deflected Rays: Observation and Explanation of the Phenomenon; Practical Application: The Problem of Atmospheric Refraction; Image-Location as a Function of the Shape of the Refracting Surface; Size-Distortion; (V) Analysis of the Rainbow and of Burning Mirrors; (VI) Conclusion. Illus.
From Sight To Light
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Author : A. Mark Smith
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 2017-11-16
From Sight To Light written by A. Mark Smith and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-11-16 with History categories.
From its inception in Greek antiquity, the science of optics was aimed primarily at explaining sight and accounting for why things look as they do. By the end of the seventeenth century, however, the analytic focus of optics had shifted to light: its fundamental properties and such physical behaviors as reflection, refraction, and diffraction. This dramatic shift—which A. Mark Smith characterizes as the “Keplerian turn”—lies at the heart of this fascinating and pioneering study. Breaking from previous scholarship that sees Johannes Kepler as the culmination of a long-evolving optical tradition that traced back to Greek antiquity via the Muslim Middle Ages, Smith presents Kepler instead as marking a rupture with this tradition, arguing that his theory of retinal imaging, which was published in 1604, was instrumental in prompting the turn from sight to light. Kepler’s new theory of sight, Smith reveals, thus takes on true historical significance: by treating the eye as a mere light-focusing device rather than an image-producing instrument—as traditionally understood—Kepler’s account of retinal imaging helped spur the shift in analytic focus that eventually led to modern optics. A sweeping survey, From Sight to Light is poised to become the standard reference for historians of optics as well as those interested more broadly in the history of science, the history of art, and cultural and intellectual history.
The History Of Mathematics A Source Based Approach
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Author : June Barrow-Green
language : en
Publisher: American Mathematical Society
Release Date : 2021-12-17
The History Of Mathematics A Source Based Approach written by June Barrow-Green and has been published by American Mathematical Society this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-12-17 with Mathematics categories.
The History of Mathematics: A Source-Based Approach is a comprehensive history of the development of mathematics. This, the first volume of the two-volume set, takes readers from the beginning of counting in prehistory to 1600 and the threshold of the discovery of calculus. It is notable for the extensive engagement with original—primary and secondary—source material. The coverage is worldwide, and embraces developments, including education, in Egypt, Mesopotamia, Greece, China, India, the Islamic world and Europe. The emphasis on astronomy and its historical relationship to mathematics is new, and the presentation of every topic is informed by the most recent scholarship in the field. The two-volume set was designed as a textbook for the authors' acclaimed year-long course at the Open University. It is, in addition to being an innovative and insightful textbook, an invaluable resource for students and scholars of the history of mathematics. The authors, each among the most distinguished mathematical historians in the world, have produced over fifty books and earned scholarly and expository prizes from the major mathematical societies of the English-speaking world.
A New History Of Greek Mathematics
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Author : Reviel Netz
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2022-09
A New History Of Greek Mathematics written by Reviel Netz and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-09 with History categories.
Engaging and comprehensive history of Greek mathematics, with full attention to social contexts and its place in world history.