Distributed Sensing For Mimo Radar Systems
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Distributed Sensing For Mimo Radar Systems
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Author : Christos V. Ilioudis
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2017
Distributed Sensing For Mimo Radar Systems written by Christos V. Ilioudis and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with categories.
The research presented in this thesis deals with the concepts of distributed sensing for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar systems and important signal processing algorithms with regard to multiple sensing optimisations. These novel algorithms include an edge detection scheme based on the phase stretch transform (PST) for synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imaging systems, the application of the fractional Fourier transform (FrFT) in generating new waveform libraries and the synthesis of a generalised MIMO ambiguity function (AF) based on the Kullback-Leibler divergence (KLD). In particular, a new edge detection algorithm for SAR images is proposed. This method is an enhanced scheme that is based on the phase stretch transform (PST). The high-accuracy of the presented edge detection method is tested and verified experimentally using two SAR image datasets. Experimental results show that thresholding and further morphological operation leads in excellent edge extraction despite the noise embedded into the image. Including PST into the structure of the edge detection algorithm is proved to be very advantageous, since the efficiency in edge determining could be improved by means of tuning the strength and wrap parameters of PST phase kernel. It is shown that the proposed method is very effective and capable to remove embedded noise and introduced artefacts even from image parts corresponding to the surface of the sea. A novel waveform design scheme is proposed to create waveform libraries employing the FrFT. Additionally an efficient algorithm based on a modified Gerchberg-Saxton algorithm (MGSA) is developed to reconstruct the proposed fractional waveform libraries under constant envelope (CE) constrain. This efficient technique is capable of generating novel libraries of phase-coded waveforms through FrFT and optimise the signal retrieval, while the signal waveforms retain their constant modulus. Specifically, the reconstruction of sequences from the FrFTbased waveforms is achieved by means of the error reduction algorithm (ERA). The performance of this new method is evaluated via simulation analysis, showing the good properties of the waveforms in terms of AF performance parameters and in attaining high diversity between waveforms for both fractional and CE fractional libraries. In addition, the applicability of the derived fractional waveforms is experimentally validated, while their performance is evaluated through comparing with conventional techniques in a distributed MIMO radar scenario. Moreover, a novel-multiplexing scheme also based on the FrFT is introduced enabling radar systems to operate in a message exchange mode via embedding the required information into fractional waveforms. The efficiency of the proposed waveform design is evaluated regarding the AF properties of the communicating radar (Co-Radar) waveform. A new, generalised AF is presented based on the KLD and applied in a MIMO radar signal model. The proposed MIMO AF can be factorised into auto-correlation and cross-correlation signal matrices, and channel correlation matrices. Moreover, it is shown that the proposed MIMO AF maximally stretches between 0 and 1, while also being flexible for various geometrical and operating signal configurations. The relationship of the proposed MIMO AF with other definition is also examined, showing that it reduces to the traditional Woodward definition when the same signal model is assumed. In addition, the behaviour of the proposed MIMO AF is investigated for different target placements and operating waveforms highlighting the advantages of each configuration. Finally, the good performance of the AF is demonstrated in a simulated MIMO radar system.
Topics In Mimo Radars
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Author : Bo Li
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Topics In Mimo Radars written by Bo Li and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with MIMO systems categories.
Recently, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radars have received considerable attention due to their superior resolution. A MIMO radar system lends itself to a networked implementation, which is very desirable in both military and civilian applications. In networked radars, the transmit and receive antennas are placed on wireless connected nodes, such as vehicles, ships, airplanes, or even backpacks. The transmit antennas transmit probing waveforms, which impinge on targets and are reflected back. A fusion center collects the target echo measurements of all receive antennas and jointly processes the signals to extract the desired target parameters. This dissertation proposes to address the following two bottleneck issues associated with networked radars. Reliable surveillance requires collection, communication and process of vast amounts of data. This is a power and bandwidth consuming task, which can be especially taxing in scenarios in which the antennas are on battery operated devices and are connected to the fusion center via a wireless link. Sparse sensing techniques are used to substantially reduce the amount of data that need to be communicated to a fusion center, while ensuring high target detection and estimation performance. In the first part, this dissertation derives the theoretical requirements and performance guarantees for the application of compressive sensing to both MIMO radar settings, namely, the collocated MIMO radars and the distributed MIMO radars. Confirming previous simulations based observations, the theoretical results of this thesis show that exploiting the sparsity of the target vector can reduce the amount of measurements needed for successful target estimation. For compressive sensing based distributed MIMO radars, we also propose two low-complexity signal recovery approaches. With the increasing demand of radio spectrum, the operating frequency bands of communication and radar systems often overlap, causing one system to exert interference to the other. Uncoordinated interference from communication systems may significantly harm the tactical radar functionality and vice versa. In the second part, this dissertation studies spectrum sharing between a MIMO communication system and a MIMO radar system in various scenarios. First, a cooperative spectrum sharing framework is proposed for the coexistence of MIMO radars and wireless communications. Radar transmit precoding and adaptive communication transmission are adopted, and are jointly designed to maximize signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) at the radar receiver subject to the communication system meeting certain rate and power constraints. Compared to the non-cooperative approaches in the literature, the proposed approach has the potential to improve the spectrum utilization because it introduces more degrees of freedom. In addition, the proposed spectrum sharing framework considers several practical issues which are not addressed in literature, e.g., the radar pulsed transmit pattern, targets falling in different range bins, and radar systems operating in the presence of clutter. Second, we investigate spectrum sharing between a MIMO communication system and a recently proposed sparse sensing based radar, namely the matrix completion based MIMO radar (MIMO-MC). MIMO-MC radar receivers take sub-Nyquist rate samples, and transfer them to a fusion center where the full data matrix is completed with high accuracy. MIMO-MC radars, in addition to reducing communication bandwidth and power as compared to MIMO radars, offer a significant advantage for spectrum sharing. The advantage stems from the way the sub-sampling scheme at the radar receivers modulates the interference channel from the communication system transmitters, rendering it symbol dependent and reducing its row space. This makes it easier for the communication system to design its waveforms in an adaptive fashion so that it minimizes the interference to the radar subject to meeting rate and power constraints. Two methods are investigated to minimize the effective interference power to the radar receiver: 1) design the communication transmit covariance matrix with fixed the radar sampling scheme, and 2) jointly design the communication transmit covariance matrix and the MIMO-MC radar sampling scheme. Furthermore, we investigate joint transmit precoding for the co-existence of a MIMO-MC radar and a MIMO wireless communication system in the presence of clutter. We show that the error performance of matrix completion in MIMO-MC radars is theoretically guaranteed when precoding is employed. The radar transmit precoder, the radar sub-sampling scheme, and the communication transmit covariance matrix are jointly designed to maximize the radar SINR while meeting certain communication rate and power constraints. Efficient optimization algorithms are provided along with insight on the proposed design problem.
Adaptive Mimo Radar For Target Detection Estimation And Tracking
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Author : Sandeep Gogineni
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
Adaptive Mimo Radar For Target Detection Estimation And Tracking written by Sandeep Gogineni and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with Electronic dissertations categories.
We develop and analyze signal processing algorithms to detect, estimate, and track targets using multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar systems. MIMO radar systems have attracted much attention in the recent past due to the additional degrees of freedom they offer. They are commonly used in two different antenna configurations: widely-separated (distributed) and colocated. Distributed MIMO radar exploits spatial diversity by utilizing multiple uncorrelated looks at the target. Colocated MIMO radar systems offer performance improvement by exploiting waveform diversity. Each antenna has the freedom to transmit a waveform that is different from the waveforms of the other transmitters. First, we propose a radar system that combines the advantages of distributed MIMO radar and fully polarimetric radar. We develop the signal model for this system and analyze the performance of the optimal Neyman-Pearson detector by obtaining approximate expressions for the probabilities of detection and false alarm. Using these expressions, we adaptively design the transmit waveform polarizations that optimize the target detection performance. Conventional radar design approaches do not consider the goal of the target itself, which always tries to reduce its detectability. We propose to incorporate this knowledge about the goal of the target while solving the polarimetric MIMO radar design problem by formulating it as a game between the target and the radar design engineer. Unlike conventional methods, this game-theoretic design does not require target parameter estimation from large amounts of training data. Our approach is generic and can be applied to other radar design problems also. Next, we propose a distributed MIMO radar system that employs monopulse processing, and develop an algorithm for tracking a moving target using this system. We electronically generate two beams at each receiver and use them for computing the local estimates. Later, we efficiently combine the information present in these local estimates, using the instantaneous signal energies at each receiver to keep track of the target. Finally, we develop multiple-target estimation algorithms for both distributed and colocated MIMO radar by exploiting the inherent sparsity on the delay-Doppler plane. We propose a new performance metric that naturally fits into this multiple target scenario and develop an adaptive optimal energy allocation mechanism. We employ compressive sensing to perform accurate estimation from far fewer samples than the Nyquist rate. For colocated MIMO radar, we transmit frequency-hopping codes to exploit the frequency diversity. We derive an analytical expression for the block coherence measure of the dictionary matrix and design an optimal code matrix using this expression. Additionally, we also transmit ultra wideband noise waveforms that improve the system resolution and provide a low probability of intercept (LPI).
Compressed Sensing In Radar Signal Processing
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Author : Antonio De Maio
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2019-10-17
Compressed Sensing In Radar Signal Processing written by Antonio De Maio and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-10-17 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Learn about the most recent theoretical and practical advances in radar signal processing using tools and techniques from compressive sensing. Providing a broad perspective that fully demonstrates the impact of these tools, the accessible and tutorial-like chapters cover topics such as clutter rejection, CFAR detection, adaptive beamforming, random arrays for radar, space-time adaptive processing, and MIMO radar. Each chapter includes coverage of theoretical principles, a detailed review of current knowledge, and discussion of key applications, and also highlights the potential benefits of using compressed sensing algorithms. A unified notation and numerous cross-references between chapters make it easy to explore different topics side by side. Written by leading experts from both academia and industry, this is the ideal text for researchers, graduate students and industry professionals working in signal processing and radar.
Radar Sensor Networks
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Author : Lei Xu
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011
Radar Sensor Networks written by Lei Xu and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with categories.
In this dissertation, we have studied totally eight topics which are focused on but not limited to radar sensor networks (RSN) from a signal processing perspective. We propose the definitions of ZCZ/LCZ (Zero Correlation Zone/Low Correlation Zone) sequence-pair sets, provided three methods to construct optimized optimized punctured LCZ/ZCZ sequence-pair sets and study their properties in chapter 2 and 3. We further investigate the waveform design problem for radar system, radar sensor network, sonar sensor network and MIMO radar system from chapter 4 to chapter 7. In addition, we study radar sensor network from the view of information theory in chapter 8. We also study compressive sensing and apply it to RSN to further investigate the system performance in chapter 9 and chapter 10. In chapter 11, we briefly conclude our work in this dissertation. The main innovation works of this dissertation are as following. We propose the LCZ/ZCZ Sequence-pair Sets that have ideal autocorrelation sidelobes and cross correlation values during LCZ/ZCZ. We also provide three methods to construct the Optimized Punctured LCZ/ZCZ Sequence-pair Sets which is a specific case of the LCZ/ZCZ Sequence-pair Sets. We not only theoretically prove that the sequence-pair sets constructed by our methods satisfy the definitions of the Optimized Punctured LCZ/ZCZ Sequence-pair sets, but also provide examples for each method and analyze properties of the Optimized Punctured LCZ/ZCZ Sequence-pair sets to help further investigating our proposed codes. The main purpose of pulse compression is to raise the signal to maximum sidelobe (signal-to-sidelobe) ratio to improve the target detection and range resolution abilities of the system. We apply the Optimized Punctured Binary Sequence-pair to the Radar system as the phase coded waveforms which is a kind of pulse compression codes. Comparing with the Barker and P4 codes of corresponding length, the Radar system within the Optimized Punctured Binary Sequence-pair could clearly improve the detection performances. Since multiple radar sensors can be combined to form a multi radar system to overcome performance degradation of single radar along with waveform optimization, we theoretically study RSN design using phase coded waveforms. We apply our newly proposed codes to RSN and analyze the detection performance of the system. We also apply the proposed ternary codes to the Sonar Sensor Network (SSN) as pulse compression codes for narrowband pulse signals and simulate the target detection performance of the system. We provide two MIMO radar systems using our proposed codes as orthogonal pulse compression codes to study the direction finding performance of the MIMO radar systems. We theoretically analyze the two MIMO radar system models and simulate the direction finding performance of the system. We also studied the RSN from the view of information theory. We investigate the use of information theory to design waveforms for the measurement of extended radar targets in RSN. We optimized the estimation waveforms that maximize the mutual information between a target ensemble and the received signal within additive Gaussian noise so that characteristics of the target could be well recognized. Finally, we provide and analyze a CS-SVD method to simplify the signal recovery algorithm and introduce CS to RSN using pulse compression technique. Our idea is to employ a set of Stepped-Frequency (SF) waveforms as pulse compression codes for transmit sensors, and to use the same SF waveforms as the sparse matrix to compress the signal in the receiving sensor. We obtain that the signal samples along the time domain could be largely compressed so that they could be perfectly recovered by a small number of measurements. We develop a Maximum Likelihood (ML) Algorithm for Radar Cross Section (RCS) parameter estimation and provide the Cramer-Rao lower bound (CRLB) to validate the theoretical result.
Advances In Sensing With Security Applications
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Author : Jim Byrnes
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2006-01-09
Advances In Sensing With Security Applications written by Jim Byrnes and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-01-09 with Computers categories.
Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Study Institute on Advances in Sensing with Security Applications, Il Ciocco, Italy, July 2005.
Signal Processing For Joint Radar Communications
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Author : Kumar Vijay Mishra
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2024-04-23
Signal Processing For Joint Radar Communications written by Kumar Vijay Mishra and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-04-23 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Signal Processing for Joint Radar Communications A one-stop, comprehensive source for the latest research in joint radar communications In Signal Processing for Joint Radar Communications, four eminent electrical engineers deliver a practical and informative contribution to the diffusion of newly developed joint radar communications (JRC) tools into the sensing and communications communities. This book illustrates recent successes in applying modern signal processing theories to core problems in JRC. The book offers new results on algorithms and applications of JRC from diverse perspectives, including waveform design, physical layer processing, privacy, security, hardware prototyping, resource allocation, and sampling theory. The distinguished editors bring together contributions from more than 40 leading JRC researchers working on remote sensing, electromagnetics, optimization, signal processing, and beyond 5G wireless networks. The included resources provide an in-depth mathematical treatment of relevant signal processing tools and computational methods allowing readers to take full advantage of JRC systems. Readers will also find: Thorough introductions to fundamental limits and background on JRC theory and applications, including dual-function radar communications, cooperative JRC, distributed JRC, and passive JRC Comprehensive explorations of JRC processing via waveform analyses, interference mitigation, and modeling with jamming and clutter Practical discussions of information-theoretic, optimization, and networking aspects of JRC In-depth examinations of JRC applications in cutting-edge scenarios including automotive systems, intelligent reflecting surfaces, and secure parameter estimation Perfect for researchers and professionals in the fields of radar, signal processing, communications, information theory, networking, and electronic warfare, Signal Processing for Joint Radar Communications will also earn a place in the libraries of engineers working in the defense, aerospace, wireless communications, and automotive industries.
Radar Networks
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Author : Hai Deng
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2020-06-09
Radar Networks written by Hai Deng and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-06-09 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Radar networks are increasingly regarded as an efficient approach to enhancing radar capabilities in the face of popular anti-radar techniques and hostile operating environments. Reader-friendly and self-contained, this book provides a comprehensive overview of the latest radar networking technologies. The text addresses basic, relevant aspects of radar signal processing and statistical theories, including both civilian and military radar applications. It also discusses emerging topics that directly relate to networks, such as multiple-input–multiple-output (MIMO) radars, waveform design, and diversity via multiple transmitters. Other topics covered include target recognition and imaging using radar networks. Features Gives a comprehensive view of the latest radar network technologies Covers both civilian and military applications of radar Provides basic statistics and signal processing necessary for understanding radar networks Includes up-to-date information on MIMO radars Presents waveform design and diversity for radar networks with multiple transmitters
Recent Advancements In Radar Imaging And Sensing Technology
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Author : Piotr Samczynski
language : en
Publisher: MDPI
Release Date : 2021-07-21
Recent Advancements In Radar Imaging And Sensing Technology written by Piotr Samczynski and has been published by MDPI this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-07-21 with Technology & Engineering categories.
The aim of this Printed Edition of Special Issue entitled "Recent Advancements in Radar Imaging and Sensing Technology” was to gather the latest research results in the area of modern radar technology using active and/or radar imaging sensing techniques in different applications, including both military use and a broad spectrum of civilian applications. As a result, the 19 papers that have been published highlighted a variety of topics related to modern radar imaging and microwave sensing technology. The sequence of articles included in the Printed Edition of Special Issue dealt with wide aspects of different applications of radar imaging and sensing technology in the area of topics including high-resolution radar imaging, novel Synthetic Apertura Radar (SAR) and Inverse SAR (ISAR) imaging techniques, passive radar imaging technology, modern civilian applications of using radar technology for sensing, multiply-input multiply-output (MIMO) SAR imaging, tomography imaging, among others.
Mimo Radar Theory And Application
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Author : Jamie Bergin
language : en
Publisher: Artech House
Release Date : 2018-03-31
Mimo Radar Theory And Application written by Jamie Bergin and has been published by Artech House this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-03-31 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This comprehensive new resource provides in-depth and timely coverage of the underpinnings and latest advances of MIMO radar. This book provides a comprehensive introduction to MIMO radar and demonstrates it’s utility in real-world applications, then culminates with the latest advances in optimal and adaptive MIMO radar for enhanced detection and target ID in challenging environments. Signal processing prerequisites are explained, including radar signals, orthogonal waveforms, matched filtering, multi-channel beam forming, and Doppler processing. This book discusses MIMO radar signal model, antenna properties, system modeling and waveform alternatives. MIMO implantation challenges are covered, including computational complexity, adaptive clutter mitigation, calibration and equalization, and hardware constraints. Applications for GMTI radar, OTH radar, maritime radar, and automotive radar are explained. The book offers an introduction to optimum MIMO radar and includes details about detection, clutter, and target ID. Insight into adaptive MIMO radar and MIMO channel estimation is presented and techniques and illustrative examples are given. Readers find exclusive flight testing data from DARPA. The breadth of coverage in this all-inclusive resource makes it suitable for both practicing engineers and advanced researchers. The book concludes with discussions on areas for future research.