Domino Effects In The Process Industries
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Domino Effects In The Process Industries
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Author : Ernesto Salzano
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier Inc. Chapters
Release Date : 2013-07-08
Domino Effects In The Process Industries written by Ernesto Salzano and has been published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-07-08 with Science categories.
Explosions produce pressure waves which expand in the atmosphere. When impacting industrial equipment, domino effects may be caused if the equipment content is flammable or toxic. A detailed analysis of these scenarios requires complex computational tecniques based on finite element analysis. Simplified methodologies have been developed in the past years for land use planning and quantitative risk assessment. These approaches are based on the definition of probability functions and threshold values for the occurrence of loss of containment from damaged systems and rely on the prediction of peak overpressure with respect to distance from the explosion source and on the structural category of the target equipment.
Domino Effects In The Process Industries
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Author : Valerio Cozzani
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier Inc. Chapters
Release Date : 2013-07-08
Domino Effects In The Process Industries written by Valerio Cozzani and has been published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-07-08 with Science categories.
Domino effects may cause more severe accident scenarios in the chemical and process industries. An introduction is given to the context and state of the art of technical and scientific knowledge concerning accident scenarios where domino effect(s) took place, as well as to European regulations on the subject. The specific context of chemical clusters with respect to safety and security assessment when dealing with domino scenarios is also introduced.
Domino Effects In The Process Industries
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Author : Valerio Cozzani
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier Inc. Chapters
Release Date : 2013-07-08
Domino Effects In The Process Industries written by Valerio Cozzani and has been published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-07-08 with Science categories.
The complexity of domino scenarios represented a considerable obstacle to the quantitative assessment of risk posed by escalation events. In the present chapter, the state of the art concerning quantitative approaches proposed for the assessment of risk caused by domino accidents is summarized. A procedure for the quantitative risk assessment of domino accidents, suitable for the calculation of individual and societal risk indexes, is outlined. Alternative approaches proposed for the quantitative assessment of domino effects, based on Bayesian techniques and Monte Carlo simulations, are also described.
Domino Effects In The Process Industries
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Author : Alessandro Tugnoli
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier Inc. Chapters
Release Date : 2013-07-08
Domino Effects In The Process Industries written by Alessandro Tugnoli and has been published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-07-08 with Science categories.
Risk-based design has an important role in the inherent prevention of domino effect, limiting the possibility of escalation by both physical distances between units and introduction of robust safety barriers. In this chapter, the role of design in reducing domino hazard has been explored. Layout definition was identified as a key factor for the prevention of escalation. Threshold values for escalation to be used in design activities were defined. Thus, criteria for the assessment of appropriate safety distances were developed and implemented in layout design. The integration of different strategies in accident mitigation was identified as the key in achieving safer plants with respect to domino accidents. Since conceptual tools alone frequently fail in solving the tradeoffs related to the conflicting needs in the design improvement, inherent safety metrics were introduced to support design activities.
Domino Effects In The Process Industries
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Author : Valerio Cozzani
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier Inc. Chapters
Release Date : 2013-07-08
Domino Effects In The Process Industries written by Valerio Cozzani and has been published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-07-08 with Science categories.
The assessment of hazards related to domino accidents is an important issue in the safety analysis of an industrial site. Several methodologies exist and different levels of detail may be used in the analysis. The present section provides a framework and a classification of the available techniques that may be used for domino assessment. Three approaches having a different level of detail are outlined and linked to needs and/or specific phases of process safety assessment. Criteria for the selection of the most appropriate approach are also discussed.
Domino Effects In The Process Industries
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Author : Bahman Abdolhamidzadeh
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier Inc. Chapters
Release Date : 2013-07-08
Domino Effects In The Process Industries written by Bahman Abdolhamidzadeh and has been published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-07-08 with Science categories.
Nowadays the application of decision support systems (DSSs) in process safety is more important than ever. The use of DSS for preventing domino effects is one of the diverse applications of these computer-automated toolkits. Different software packages were developed in recent years, each trying to manage domino risk by a specific approach. In this chapter, the definition, architecture, benefits and essential characteristics of DSS toolkits are described. The application, scope, approach, technical features, advantages, shortcomings and limitations of all the available computerized tools and software packages presented up to now for managing domino effect are then discussed and analyzed thoroughly. Finally, a framework for an integrated DSS to prevent domino effects based on all existing advancements and potential possibilities for improvement is introduced.
Domino Effects In The Process Industries
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Author : Gabriele Landucci
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier Inc. Chapters
Release Date : 2013-07-08
Domino Effects In The Process Industries written by Gabriele Landucci and has been published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-07-08 with Science categories.
The analysis of domino escalation scenarios is a complex task. The use of advanced distributed parameter models may provide a significant contribution to domino effect escalation assessment. Nevertheless, this approach requires a detailed description of equipment geometry and the characterization of the primary scenarios leading to the escalation. This chapter is aimed at presenting the potentialities of the distributed parameters codes for the specific assessment of domino accidents triggered by fire and overpressure by the analysis of specific case studies.
Domino Effects In The Process Industries
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Author : Genserik Reniers
language : en
Publisher: Newnes
Release Date : 2013-07-08
Domino Effects In The Process Industries written by Genserik Reniers and has been published by Newnes this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-07-08 with Business & Economics categories.
Domino Effects in the Process Industries discusses state-of-the-art theories, conceptual models, insights and practical issues surrounding large-scale knock-on accidents—so-called domino effects—in the chemical and process industries. The book treats such extremely low-frequency phenomena from a technological perspective, studying possible causes and introducing several approaches to assess and control the risks of these scenarios. The authors also examine these events from a managerial viewpoint, discussing single and multi-plant management insights and requirements to take pro-active measures to prevent such events. Academics, regulators, and industrialists who study and analyze domino effects in order to prevent such events will find the book unique and highly valuable. Outlines available methods in analyzing these events, aiding understanding of the accidents and their causes Covers current modelling, control and management tactics of domino effects, -facilitating prevention Identifies areas where new research is needed
Domino Effects In The Process Industries
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Author : Valerio Cozzani
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier Inc. Chapters
Release Date : 2013-07-08
Domino Effects In The Process Industries written by Valerio Cozzani and has been published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-07-08 with Science categories.
Escalation thresholds are widely used as a baseline approach to the assessment of the hazard posed by domino scenarios. These should be intended as conservative values of physical effects (thermal radiation, maximum overpressure, etc.) below which the escalation is deemed not credible. This chapter deals with this preliminary approach to domino hazard assessment, revising the values provided in the literature for escalation thresholds and providing suggested values based on recent results obtained in the revision of past accident data and in the modeling of equipment damage.
Domino Effects In The Process Industries
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Author : Genserik Reniers
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier Inc. Chapters
Release Date : 2013-07-08
Domino Effects In The Process Industries written by Genserik Reniers and has been published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-07-08 with Science categories.
Managing domino effects in an industrial area is not an easy task. It requires multidisciplinary knowledge and know-how, an adequate mindset, eye for detail and for the big picture, a short-term as well as a long-term vision, thorough collaboration efforts, a generalistic perspective with specialist knowledge, and so on. Different domains need to be dealt with in relation to domino effects: technological issues, procedural requirements, and human factor topics. This chapter describes for each of these domains how they should be viewed with respect to internal and external domino effects, and provides recommendations on how management may/should tackle risks related to possible domino effects within a chemical industrial park.