Doubt Atheism And The Nineteenth Century Russian Intelligentsia
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Doubt Atheism And The Nineteenth Century Russian Intelligentsia
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Author : Victoria Frede
language : en
Publisher: University of Wisconsin Pres
Release Date : 2011-09-08
Doubt Atheism And The Nineteenth Century Russian Intelligentsia written by Victoria Frede and has been published by University of Wisconsin Pres this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-09-08 with History categories.
The autocratic rule of both tsar and church in imperial Russia gave rise not only to a revolutionary movement in the nineteenth century but also to a crisis of meaning among members of the intelligentsia. Personal faith became the subject of intense scrutiny as individuals debated the existence of God and the immortality of the soul, debates reflected in the best-known novels of the day. Friendships were formed and broken in exchanges over the status of the eternal. The salvation of the entire country, not just of each individual, seemed to depend on the answers to questions about belief. Victoria Frede looks at how and why atheism took on such importance among several generations of Russian intellectuals from the 1820s to the 1860s, drawing on meticulous and extensive research of both published and archival documents, including letters, poetry, philosophical tracts, police files, fiction, and literary criticism. She argues that young Russians were less concerned about theology and the Bible than they were about the moral, political, and social status of the individual person. They sought to maintain their integrity against the pressures exerted by an autocratic state and rigidly hierarchical society. As individuals sought to shape their own destinies and searched for truths that would give meaning to their lives, they came to question the legitimacy both of the tsar and of Russia’s highest authority, God.
Freethought And Atheism In Central And Eastern Europe
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Author : Tomáš Bubík
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2020-02-26
Freethought And Atheism In Central And Eastern Europe written by Tomáš Bubík and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-02-26 with Religion categories.
This book provides the first comprehensive overview of atheism, secularity and non-religion in Central and Eastern Europe in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. In contrast to scholarship that has focused on the ‘decline of religion’ and secularization theory, the book builds upon recent trends to focus on the ‘rise of non-religion’ itself. While the label of ‘post-communism’ might suggest a generalized perception of the region, this survey reveals that the precise developments in each country before, after and even during the communist era are surprisingly diverse. A multinational team of contributors provide interdisciplinary case studies covering Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Russia, Ukraine, Poland, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Croatia, Romania and Bulgaria. This approach utilises perspectives from social and intellectual history in combination with sociology of religion in order to cover the historical development of secularity and secular thought, complemented with sociological data. The study is framed by methodological and analytical chapters. Offering an important geographical perspective to the study of freethought, atheism, secularity and non-religion, this wide-ranging book will be of significant interest to scholars of twentieth-century social and intellectual history, sociology of religion and non-religion, cultural and religious studies, philosophy and theology.
The History Of Scientific Atheism
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Author : Jan Tesař
language : en
Publisher: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht
Release Date : 2019-07-15
The History Of Scientific Atheism written by Jan Tesař and has been published by Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-07-15 with History categories.
The book analyses under what conditions was it possible to develop scientific atheism which was by the contemporaries in the Soviet Union and Czechoslovakia understood not only as a branch of propaganda but as a specific scholarly discipline. It maps out not only the state of affairs before the organizational changes allowed the emergence of research but also analyses the motivation which led the historical actors to make such decision in both national contexts. One of the key findings is undoubtedly the fact that scientific atheism developed as a new type of thinking about religious phenomena within the context of Marxist-Leninist epistemological doctrine. Moreover, if the socio-political conditions were favorable, it also contributed to the rethinking of the key aspects of Marxist doctrine. The comparative analysis allows to draw conclusions about the existence of specifically Soviet and Czechoslovakian scientific atheism and questions the level of sovietization in this context.
Science Religion And Communism In Cold War Europe
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Author : Paul Betts
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2016-05-14
Science Religion And Communism In Cold War Europe written by Paul Betts and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-05-14 with History categories.
Religion and science were fundamental aspects of Eastern European communist political culture from the very beginning, and remained in uneasy tension across the region over the decades. While both topics have long attracted a great deal of scholarly attention, they almost invariably have been studied discretely as separate stories. Religion, Science and Communism in Cold War Europe is the first scholarly effort to explore the delicate interface of religion, science and communism in Cold War Europe. It brings together an international team of researchers who address this relationship from a number of national viewpoints and thematic perspectives, ranging from mysticism to social science, space exploration to the socialist lifecycle, and architectural heritage to pop culture.
Understanding World Christianity
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Author : Alexander S. Agadjanian
language : en
Publisher: Fortress Press
Release Date : 2021-01-19
Understanding World Christianity written by Alexander S. Agadjanian and has been published by Fortress Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-01-19 with Religion categories.
Understanding World Christianity: Russia is a broad examination of Christianity--especially Orthodox Christianity--in modern Russia. The Russian Orthodox Church is currently playing a very prominent role in Russian society and politics, and it is not possible to fully understand Russia today without it. The role of Russian Orthodoxy today is a dramatic reversal from the suppression it suffered for most of the 20th century under the Soviet regime. Based upon a wealth of recent research in multiple fields, this book examines the complexity of contemporary Russian Orthodoxy within a historical context. It first introduces the reader to what is distinctive about Orthodox Christianity in general and Russian Orthodoxy in particular, then provides an overview of the history of Christianity in Russia, its various regional expressions, the experience of representative individuals during the 20th century, an examination of modern Russian theology, and ends with an analysis of the post-Soviet relationship of religion, politics, and society. It is an ideal introduction for students and non-specialists interested in Global Christianity, Orthodox Christianity, Russian Studies, and any others who wish to know how Christianity influences, and is influenced by, the Russian context.
The Tsar S Foreign Faiths
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Author : Paul W. Werth
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2014-03
The Tsar S Foreign Faiths written by Paul W. Werth and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-03 with History categories.
Explores the scope and character of religious freedom for Russia's diverse non-Orthodox religions during the tzarist regime.
Liberalism In Pre Revolutionary Russia
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Author : Susanna Rabow-Edling
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2018-08-06
Liberalism In Pre Revolutionary Russia written by Susanna Rabow-Edling and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-08-06 with History categories.
Nineteenth-century Russian intellectuals were faced with a dilemma. They had to choose between modernizing their country, thus imitating the West, or reaffirming what was perceived as their country's own values and thereby risk remaining socially underdeveloped and unable to compete with Western powers. Scholars have argued that this led to the emergence of an anti-Western, anti-modern ethnic nationalism. In this innovative book, Susanna Rabow-Edling shows that there was another solution to the conflicting agendas of modernization and cultural authenticity – a Russian liberal nationalism. This nationalism took various forms during the long nineteenth century, but aimed to promote reforms through a combination of liberalism, nationalism and imperialism.
Living Soviet In Ukraine From Stalin To Maidan
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Author : Michael T. Westrate
language : en
Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield
Release Date : 2016-04-29
Living Soviet In Ukraine From Stalin To Maidan written by Michael T. Westrate and has been published by Rowman & Littlefield this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-04-29 with History categories.
What the world is now witnessing in Ukraine is the cumulative effect of history and memory in the lives of the people of the region—and this book directly addresses those subjects. Although the majority of scholarship on the Soviet Union focuses on top-level political and intellectual elites, these groups were only tiny minorities. What was life like for the rest of society? What was it like for the vast population that usually supported the regime, mostly accepted the rules, essentially internalized the ideology, and generally made the same choices as their neighbors and friends? What was it like to live Soviet as the USSR hit its peak as a superpower and then fell apart? What was it like to live Soviet in Ukraine in the decade after independence? This book answers those questions. It is an oral history of a group of military colonels and their wives, children, and contemporaries, covering their lives from childhood to the present. During this period, these military families went from comfortable economic circumstances, professional prestige, and political influence as part of the Soviet upper stratum, to destitution and disgrace in the 1990s. Today, many of them are part of Europe’s largest ethnic minority—Russians in Ukraine. The geographic focus is Kharkiv, the second-largest city in Europe’s second-largest country, a Russian-speaking city in eastern Ukraine. Based on 3,000+ pages of interview transcripts and supplemented with materials gleaned from unprecedented access to personal, family, and institutional archives, the book investigates how families endured shifting social, cultural, and political realities. By analyzing the lives of individuals in context, Westrate provides insights at the grassroots level. He reveals how ideological, professional, gender, ethnic, and national imperatives—as developed and transmitted by elites—were internalized, transformed, or rejected by the rank and file. He reveals how the subjective identities of individuals and small groups developed and changed over time, and how that process relates to the parallel projects pursued by the leaders of their countries. In the process, he shows what those experiences have to offer the study of Soviet, post-Soviet, and transnational history, bridging the boundaries created by the collapse of the USSR and exploring the foundations of both twenty-first-century Ukraine and today’s conflicts.
The Great Protector Of Wits
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Author : Laura Nicolì
language : en
Publisher: BRILL
Release Date : 2022-06-20
The Great Protector Of Wits written by Laura Nicolì and has been published by BRILL this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-06-20 with Philosophy categories.
The Great Protector of Wits provides a new assessment of baron d’Holbach (1723–1789) and his circle. A challenging figure of the European Enlightenment, Paul-Henri Thiry d’Holbach was not only a radically materialistic philosopher, a champion of anticlericalism, the author of the Système de la nature – known as ‘the Bible of atheists’ –, an idéologue, a popularizer of the natural sciences and a prolific contributor to the Encyclopédie, but he also played a crucial role as an organizer of intellectual networks and was a master of disseminating clandestine literature and a consummate strategist in authorial fictions. In this collective volume, for the first time, all these different threads of d’Holbach’s ‘philosophy in action’ are considered and analyzed in their interconnection. Contributors to this volume: Jacopo Agnesina, Nicholas Cronk, Mélanie Éphrème, Enrico Galvagni, Jonathan Israel, Alan Charles Kors, Mladen Kozul, Brunello Lotti, Emilio Mazza, Gianluca Mori, Iryna Mykhailova, Gianni Paganini, Paolo Quintili, Alain Sandrier, Ruggero Sciuto, Maria Susana Seguin, and Gerhardt Stenger.
Secularization Desecularization And Toleration
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Author : Vyacheslav Karpov
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-10-22
Secularization Desecularization And Toleration written by Vyacheslav Karpov and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-10-22 with Religion categories.
This book challenges the modern myth that tolerance grows as societies become less religious. The myth inseparably links the progress of toleration to the secularization of modern society. This volume scrutinizes this grand narrative theoretically and empirically, and proposes alternative accounts of the varied relationships between diverse interpretations of religion and secularity and multiple secularizations, desecularizations, and forms of toleration. The authors show how both secular and religious orthodoxies inform toleration and persecution, and how secularizations and desecularizations engender repressive or pluralistic regimes. Ultimately, the book offers an agency-focused perspective which links the variation in toleration and persecution to the actors of secularization and desecularization and their cultural programs.