Durable Resistance In Crops
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Durable Resistance In Crops
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Author : F. Lamberti
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Durable Resistance In Crops written by F. Lamberti and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
Plant diseases and pests are a major constraint to agricultural production despite the various measures used to control them. Chemical control, although often e~~ective, may pose environmental hazards and is relatively expensive, especially in developing countries where it may be completely uneconomic. Control through genetically mediated resistance to diseases and pests, is both cheap and environmentally sa~e and at present most diseases and pests o~ staple ~ood crops are controlled through some form of resistance. One of the basic problems in the use of resistance is its ~re quent lack of durability; very often a type of resistance is used that 'breaks down' after a certain period. The temporary nature of this resistance, due to the development of new strains of pest or pathogen able to overcome it, has seriously hindered the improvement o~ the yield potential of many crops as a continuing effort is needed to replace old cultivars who resistance has failed, with new ones. Following Vanderplank's now classical publications (1963, 1968) which differentiated horizontal and vertical resistance, studies on several host-parasite systems have shown that di~ferent types of resistance can be distinguished genetically and epidemiologically, and on the ability o~ the pests or pathogens to adapt to them. A knowledge of how resistance operates at the population level has also opened up possibilities of 'managing' relatively simple resistance types in such a way that a stable host-pathogen system can be pro duced with a minimum of crop loss.
Durable Resistance In Crops
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1983-03-31
Durable Resistance In Crops written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1983-03-31 with categories.
Durability Of Disease Resistance
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Author : Th. Jacobs
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-02-02
Durability Of Disease Resistance written by Th. Jacobs and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-02-02 with Science categories.
From February 24 -28, 1992 an international symposium on Durability of Disease Resistance was held at the International Agricultural Centre in Wageningen, the Netherlands. The symposium, organized by the Department of Plant Breeding of Wageningen Agricultural University and the Centre for Plant Breeding and Repro duction Research, CPRO-DLO, was part of the DGIS funded programme Durable Resistance in Developing Countries. Without any form of prevention or protection nearly all crops will be seriously or even severely damaged by a range of pathogens. In modern agriculture man has been able to control many if not most pathogens using i) pesticides, ii) phyto sanitary methods such as control of seed and plant material in order to start a crop disease free, iii) agronomic measures such as crop rotation, iv) disease resis tance or combinations of these measures. Over the years the use of pesticides has increased enormously and so did the pro blems associated with pesticide use, such as environmental pollution and building of resistance and tolerance to these pesticides in the pathogens. The use of resis tance too increased strongly over the years and here too problems arose.
Breeding For Durable Disease And Pest Resistance
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org.
Release Date : 1984
Breeding For Durable Disease And Pest Resistance written by and has been published by Food & Agriculture Org. this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1984 with Science categories.
Disease Resistance In Plants
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Author : J.E. Vanderplank
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2012-12-02
Disease Resistance In Plants written by J.E. Vanderplank and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-02 with Science categories.
Disease Resistance in Plants, Second Edition, looks at genetic, epidemiologic, biochemical, and biometric principles for developing new cultivars possessing genetic resistance to diseases. It examines the nature of disease resistance and resistance genes, and it highlights the importance of stabilizing selection, sugar, biotrophy, and necrotrophy to obtain the greatest possible yields. Organized into 17 chapters, this volume begins with an overview of disease resistance in plants and the ways to develop disease-resistant variants. It then discusses unspecific resistance; the resistance gene paradox; susceptibility and resistance within narrow host taxa; phenotypic variation and gene numbers in host plants; discontinuous variation and cytoplasmic inheritance; and experimental difficulties in partitioning variance. The reader is also introduced to epistasis and the structure of virulence in pathogens; the notion of physiological race; how the pathogen adapts to the host; mutation in the pathogen from avirulence to virulence; horizontal and vertical resistance to disease and its epidemiological effects; and the link between protein polymorphism and vertical resistance. In addition, the book discusses genes for susceptibility in the host versus genes for avirulence (or virulence) in the pathogen; sink-induced loss of resistance; high-sugar disease processes and biotrophy; slow rusting of cereal crops; plant resistance against endemic disease; and the accumulation of resistance genes in heterogeneous host populations. This book will be useful to plant pathologists and plant breeders.
Breeding For Durable Resistance In Perennial Crops
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1986-06-01
Breeding For Durable Resistance In Perennial Crops written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1986-06-01 with categories.
Disease Resistance In Crop Plants
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Author : Shabir Hussain Wani
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2019-07-24
Disease Resistance In Crop Plants written by Shabir Hussain Wani and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-07-24 with Science categories.
Human population is escalating at an enormous pace and is estimated to reach 9.7 billion by 2050. As a result, there will be an increase in demand for agricultural production by 60–110% between the years 2005 and 2050 at the global level; the number will be even more drastic in the developing world. Pathogens, animals, and weeds are altogether responsible for between 20 to 40 % of global agricultural productivity decrease. As such, managing disease development in plants continues to be a major strategy to ensure adequate food supply for the world. Accordingly, both the public and private sectors are moving to harness the tools and paradigms that promise resistance against pests and diseases. While the next generation of disease resistance research is progressing, maximum disease resistance traits are expected to be polygenic in nature and controlled by selective genes positioned at putative quantitative trait loci (QTLs). It has also been realized that sources of resistance are generally found in wild relatives or cultivars of lesser agronomic significance. However, introgression of disease resistance traits into commercial crop varieties typically involves many generations of backcrossing to transmit a promising genotype. Molecular marker-assisted breeding (MAB) has been found to facilitate the pre-selection of traits even prior to their expression. To date, researchers have utilized disease resistance genes (R-genes) in different crops including cereals, pulses, and oilseeds and other economically important plants, to improve productivity. Interestingly, comparison of different R genes that empower plants to resist an array of pathogens has led to the realization that the proteins encoded by these genes have numerous features in common. The above observation therefore suggests that plants may have co-evolved signal transduction pathways to adopt resistance against a wide range of divergent pathogens. A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms necessary for pathogen identification and a thorough dissection of the cellular responses to biotic stresses will certainly open new vistas for sustainable crop disease management. This book summarizes the recent advances in molecular and genetic techniques that have been successfully applied to impart disease resistance for plants and crops. It integrates the contributions from plant scientists targeting disease resistance mechanisms using molecular, genetic, and genomic approaches. This collection therefore serves as a reference source for scientists, academicians and post graduate students interested in or are actively engaged in dissecting disease resistance in plants using advanced genetic tools.
Durability Of Disease Resistance
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Author : T. Jacobs
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1993
Durability Of Disease Resistance written by T. Jacobs and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993 with categories.
Research works on durability of plant disease resistance.
Breeding Disease Resistant Horticultural Crops
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Author : Paul W. Bosland
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2023-09-08
Breeding Disease Resistant Horticultural Crops written by Paul W. Bosland and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-09-08 with Science categories.
Breeding Disease-Resistant Horticultural Crops is a complete and comprehensive resource for understanding the concept of breeding disease resistant crops, especially horticultural crops. Breeders of horticultural crops face distinct challenges that are different from agronomy/row crops, and these crops do not benefit from the vast body of literature available for agronomic crops. This book covers the basic theories that underpin breeding for disease resistance and features extensive real-world examples. Both classical and biotechnical breeding methods are covered, with an emphasis on how these methods are adapted for horticultural species. Presented in a logical flow for the reader, this book addresses historical perspectives and context as it relates to breeding for disease resistance. It highlights treatments of resistance in the context of the phenotype, the genotype, the pathogen, the environment interaction, sources of resistance, and the deployment of resistance to obtain a durable resistance. Explores the definition of horticultural "resistance", how it is inherited, and how resistance can be manipulated through breeding Highlights the importance of the interaction among crops, pathogens, and environmental elements Provides the latest references and insights as a foundation for further research
Breeding For Disease Resistance
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Author : R. Johnson
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-03-14
Breeding For Disease Resistance written by R. Johnson and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-03-14 with Science categories.
There is an increasing need for an understanding of the fundamental processes involved in the mechanisms by which disease resistances are introduced into crop plants. This book provides a wide-ranging coverage of the successes and failures of the classical techniques; it describes the advances towards modern technology and addresses the problems of pathogen variation. Crop plants that are considered include: cereals (wheat, barley, rice), potatoes, vegetables and soft fruits.