Dynamic Tractable Reasoning

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Dynamic Tractable Reasoning

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Author : Holger Andreas
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-03-27

Dynamic Tractable Reasoning written by Holger Andreas and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-03-27 with Philosophy categories.

This book aims to lay bare the logical foundations of tractable reasoning. It draws on Marvin Minsky's seminal work on frames, which has been highly influential in computer science and, to a lesser extent, in cognitive science. Only very few people have explored ideas about frames in logic, which is why the investigation in this book breaks new ground. The apparent intractability of dynamic, inferential reasoning is an unsolved problem in both cognitive science and logic-oriented artificial intelligence. By means of a logical investigation of frames and frame concepts, Andreas devises a novel logic of tractable reasoning, called frame logic. Moreover, he devises a novel belief revision scheme, which is tractable for frame logic. These tractability results shed new light on our logical and cognitive means to carry out dynamic, inferential reasoning. Modularity remains central for tractability, and so the author sets forth a logical variant of the massive modularity hypothesis in cognitive science. This book conducts a sustained and detailed examination of the structure of tractable and intelligible reasoning in cognitive science and artificial intelligence. Working from the perspective of formal epistemology and cognitive science, Andreas uses structuralist notions from Bourbaki and Sneed to provide new foundational analyses of frames, object-oriented programming, belief revision, and truth maintenance. Andreas then builds on these analyses to construct a novel logic of tractable reasoning he calls frame logic, together with a novel belief revision scheme that is tractable for frame logic. Put together, these logical analyses and tractability results provide new understandings of dynamic and inferential reasoning. Jon Doyle, North Carolina State University

Tractable Reasoning In Incomplete First Order Knowledge Bases

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Author : Yongmei Liu
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006

Tractable Reasoning In Incomplete First Order Knowledge Bases written by Yongmei Liu and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with categories.

In order to specify a limited reasoning service for proper+ KBs, we propose a new logic of limited belief called the subjective logic SL . SL supports unit resolution, but only does case analysis in a limited way. We give a sound and complete axiomatization for propositional SL . Reasoning based on SL is classically sound and is also classically complete in some simple cases. We show that SL -based reasoning with proper+ KBs is decidable in general, and tractable when both the KB and the query use a bounded number of variables. This thesis proposes a general methodology to establish tractable (by "tractable" we mean "solvable in polynomial time") limited reasoning services for incomplete first-order knowledge bases (KBs). It consists of defining a logic that is weaker than classical logic and has two properties: first, the entailment problem can be reduced to the model checking problem for a characteristic model; and second, the model checking problem is tractable for formulas with a bounded number of variables. We show this methodology in action for two forms of incomplete first-order KBs proposed by Levesque and Lakemeyer. One is called proper KBs, and is used for open-world reasoning. The other is called proper+ KBs, and is used for reasoning with disjunctive information. Levesque has proposed a reasoning scheme called V for proper KBs that is classically sound and is also classically complete when the query is in a certain normal form called NF . We prove that V is tractable for queries with a bounded number of variables. We also settle the open problems concerning the expressiveness and succinctness of NF . Then we extend V to reasoning in dynamic systems, and propose a tractable, sound, and sometimes complete solution to the projection problem, that is, determining whether a formula holds after a sequence of actions is performed.

Tractable Reasoning With Quality Guarantee For Expressive Description Logics

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Author : Yuan Ren (Ph.D.)
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014

Tractable Reasoning With Quality Guarantee For Expressive Description Logics written by Yuan Ren (Ph.D.) and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with Description logics categories.

As a whole, the thesis develops a worst-case tractable, guaranteed sound, conditionally complete and empirically high-recall reasoning solution for both static and dynamic ontologies in expressive DLs. Some techniques presented in the thesis can also be used to improve the performance and/or completeness of other existing reasoning solutions. The results can further be generalised and extended to support a wider range of knowledge representation formalisms, especially when a consequence-based algorithm is available.

Tractable Reasoning In Knowledge Representation Systems

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Author : Mukesh Dalal
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1995

Tractable Reasoning In Knowledge Representation Systems written by Mukesh Dalal and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995 with categories.

Johan Van Benthem On Logic And Information Dynamics

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Author : Alexandru Baltag
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2014-08-27

Johan Van Benthem On Logic And Information Dynamics written by Alexandru Baltag and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-08-27 with Philosophy categories.

This book illustrates the program of Logical-Informational Dynamics. Rational agents exploit the information available in the world in delicate ways, adopt a wide range of epistemic attitudes, and in that process, constantly change the world itself. Logical-Informational Dynamics is about logical systems putting such activities at center stage, focusing on the events by which we acquire information and change attitudes. Its contributions show many current logics of information and change at work, often in multi-agent settings where social behavior is essential, and often stressing Johan van Benthem's pioneering work in establishing this program. However, this is not a Festschrift, but a rich tapestry for a field with a wealth of strands of its own. The reader will see the state of the art in such topics as information update, belief change, preference, learning over time, and strategic interaction in games. Moreover, no tight boundary has been enforced, and some chapters add more general mathematical or philosophical foundations or links to current trends in computer science. The theme of this book lies at the interface of many disciplines. Logic is the main methodology, but the various chapters cross easily between mathematics, computer science, philosophy, linguistics, cognitive and social sciences, while also ranging from pure theory to empirical work. Accordingly, the authors of this book represent a wide variety of original thinkers from different research communities. And their interconnected themes challenge at the same time how we think of logic, philosophy and computation. Thus, very much in line with van Benthem's work over many decades, the volume shows how all these disciplines form a natural unity in the perspective of dynamic logicians (broadly conceived) exploring their new themes today. And at the same time, in doing so, it offers a broader conception of logic with a certain grandeur, moving its horizons beyond the traditional study of consequence relations.

An Introduction To Constraint Based Temporal Reasoning

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Author : Roman Meir
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2022-05-31

An Introduction To Constraint Based Temporal Reasoning written by Roman Meir and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-05-31 with Computers categories.

Solving challenging computational problems involving time has been a critical component in the development of artificial intelligence systems almost since the inception of the field. This book provides a concise introduction to the core computational elements of temporal reasoning for use in AI systems for planning and scheduling, as well as systems that extract temporal information from data. It presents a survey of temporal frameworks based on constraints, both qualitative and quantitative, as well as of major temporal consistency techniques. The book also introduces the reader to more recent extensions to the core model that allow AI systems to explicitly represent temporal preferences and temporal uncertainty. This book is intended for students and researchers interested in constraint-based temporal reasoning. It provides a self-contained guide to the different representations of time, as well as examples of recent applications of time in AI systems.

Issues In Logic Probability Combinatorics And Chaos Theory 2011 Edition

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Author :
language : en
Publisher: ScholarlyEditions
Release Date : 2012-01-09

Issues In Logic Probability Combinatorics And Chaos Theory 2011 Edition written by and has been published by ScholarlyEditions this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-01-09 with Mathematics categories.

Issues in Logic, Probability, Combinatorics, and Chaos Theory: 2011 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ eBook that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Logic, Probability, Combinatorics, and Chaos Theory. The editors have built Issues in Logic, Probability, Combinatorics, and Chaos Theory: 2011 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Logic, Probability, Combinatorics, and Chaos Theory in this eBook to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Issues in Logic, Probability, Combinatorics, and Chaos Theory: 2011 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.

Neuro Symbolic Artificial Intelligence The State Of The Art

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Author : P. Hitzler
language : en
Publisher: IOS Press
Release Date : 2022-01-19

Neuro Symbolic Artificial Intelligence The State Of The Art written by P. Hitzler and has been published by IOS Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-01-19 with Computers categories.

Neuro-symbolic AI is an emerging subfield of Artificial Intelligence that brings together two hitherto distinct approaches. ”Neuro” refers to the artificial neural networks prominent in machine learning, ”symbolic” refers to algorithmic processing on the level of meaningful symbols, prominent in knowledge representation. In the past, these two fields of AI have been largely separate, with very little crossover, but the so-called “third wave” of AI is now bringing them together. This book, Neuro-Symbolic Artificial Intelligence: The State of the Art, provides an overview of this development in AI. The two approaches differ significantly in terms of their strengths and weaknesses and, from a cognitive-science perspective, there is a question as to how a neural system can perform symbol manipulation, and how the representational differences between these two approaches can be bridged. The book presents 17 overview papers, all by authors who have made significant contributions in the past few years and starting with a historic overview first seen in 2016. With just seven months elapsed from invitation to authors to final copy, the book is as up-to-date as a published overview of this subject can be. Based on the editors’ own desire to understand the current state of the art, this book reflects the breadth and depth of the latest developments in neuro-symbolic AI, and will be of interest to students, researchers, and all those working in the field of Artificial Intelligence.

Nonlinear Labor Market Dynamics

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Author : Michael Neugart
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2000-05-06

Nonlinear Labor Market Dynamics written by Michael Neugart and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000-05-06 with Business & Economics categories.

Nonlinear Labor Market Dynamics discusses adjustment processes in labor markets. Contrary to linear-stochastic approaches this book is based on a non-linear deterministic framework. It is shown that even textbook-like-models of the labor market can generate long lasting adjustment processes, local instabilities, and chaotic movements, once nonlinear relationships and widely accepted adjustment rules are introduced. Thus, labor market dynamics may have an endogenous component that is governed by a nonlinear deterministic core. Of course, all results are tied to the particular models discussed in this book. Nevertheless, these models imply that by incorporating nonlinear relationships, one may arrive at an explanation of labor market behavior where linear stochastic approaches fell. Time series studies for German labor market data support this point of view.

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Author :
language : en
Publisher: IOS Press
Release Date :

written by and has been published by IOS Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with categories.