Dynamics Of Sensory And Cognitive Processing By The Brain

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The Temporal Dynamics Of Cognitive Processing

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Author : Timothy Michael Ellmore
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2016-07-26

The Temporal Dynamics Of Cognitive Processing written by Timothy Michael Ellmore and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-07-26 with Psychology categories.

From our ability to attend to many stimuli occurring in rapid succession to the transformation of memories during a night of sleep, cognition occurs over widely varying time scales spanning milliseconds to days and beyond. Cognitive processing is often influenced by several behavioral variables as well as nonlinear interactions between multiple neural systems. This frequently produces unpredictable patterns of behavior and makes understanding the underlying temporal factors influencing cognition a fruitful area of hypothesis development and scientific inquiry. Across two reviews, a perspective, and twelve original research articles covering the domains of learning, memory, attention, cognitive control, and social decision making this research topic sheds new light on the temporal dynamics of cognitive processing.

Dynamics Of Sensory And Cognitive Processing By The Brain

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Author : Theodore Melnechuk
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06

Dynamics Of Sensory And Cognitive Processing By The Brain written by Theodore Melnechuk and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.

In neurophysiology, the emphasis has been on single-unit studies for a quarter century, since the sensory work by Lettwin and coworkers and by Hubel and Wiesel, the cen tral work by Mountcastle, the motor work by the late Evarts, and so on. In recent years, however, field potentials - and a more global approach general ly - have been receiving renewed and increasing attention. This is a result of new findings made possible by technical and conceptual advances and by the confirma tion and augmentation of earlier findings that were widely ignored for being contro versial or inexplicable. To survey the state of this active field, a conference was held in West Berlin in August 1985 that attempted to cover all of the new approaches to the study of brain function. The approaches and emphases were very varied: basic and applied, electric and magnetic, EEG and EP/ERP, connectionistic and field, global and local fields, surface and multielectrode, low frequencies and high frequencies, linear and non linear. The conference comprised sessions of invited lectures, a panel session of seven speakers on "How brains may work," and a concluding survey of relevant methodologies. The conference showed that the combination of concepts, methods, and results could open up new important vistas in brain research. Included here are the proceedings of the conference, updated and revised by the authors. Several attendees who did not present papers at the conference later ac cepted my invitation to write chapters for the book.

Induced Rhythms In The Brain

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Author : Basar
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-04-17

Induced Rhythms In The Brain written by Basar and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-04-17 with Medical categories.

It is easy to imagine the excitement that pervaded the neurological world in the late 1920's and early 1930's when Berger's first descriptions of the electro encephalogram appeared. Berger was not the first to discover that changes in electric potential can be recorded from the surface of the head, but it was he who first systematized the method, and it was he who first proposed that explanatory correlations might be found between the electroencephalogram, brain processes, and behavioral states. An explosion of activity quickly fol lowed: studies were made of the brain waves in virtually every conceivable behavioral state, ranging from normal human subjects to those with major psychoses or with epilepsy, to state changes such as the sleep-wakefulness transition. There evolved from this the discipline of Clinical Electroencepha lography which rapidly took a valued place in clinical neurology and neuro surgery. Moreover, use of the method in experimental animals led to a further understanding of such state changes as attention-inattention, arousal, and sleep and wakefulness. The evoked potential method, derived from electro encephalography, was used in neurophysiological research to construct pre cise maps of the projection of sensory systems upon the neocortex. These maps still form the initial guides to studies of the cortical mechanisms in sensation and perception. The use of the event-related potential paradigm has proved useful in studies of the brain mechanisms of some cognitive functions of the brain.

Basic Mechanisms Of The Eeg

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Author : Zschocke
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06

Basic Mechanisms Of The Eeg written by Zschocke and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Medical categories.

This volume is based on selected and updated papers from the symposium on "Basic Mechanisms of the EEG," which was held under the sponsor ship of the German EEG Society in Hamburg on September 28-29, 1990. The intention of this symposium was to relate recent experimental, clini cal, and neuropathological data on the basic mechanism that underlie the EEG. Although we know much about these mechanisms, there is still much more to be learned. The symposium was partly the continuation of an earlier symposium on "Origin of Cerebral Field Potentials" held in 1979 in Munster under the leadership of one of the present editors (E. -J. Speckmann) and H. Caspers. The present work combines new experimental and clinical results with state-of-the-art reports giving excellent general views. The first chapter presents a historical survey of the roots of current developments in neu rophysiology. It seems that in the near future we may decipher the EEG, which we have considered up to now somewhat as a cryptogram (chap ter 2). After chapter 3-a chapter concerned with more general points of the generation of cortical field potentials-chapters 4, 5, and 6 deal with several aspects and models of interactions and rhythms of cortical neurons. The role of glial cells in cortical electrical field generation is considered in chapter 7. Chapter 8 emphasizes the significance of brain metabolism.

Advanced Methods Of Physiological System Modeling

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Author : V.Z. Marmarelis
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06

Advanced Methods Of Physiological System Modeling written by V.Z. Marmarelis and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Technology & Engineering categories.

This volume is the second in a series of publications sponsored by the Biomedical Simulations Resource (BMSR) at the University of Southern California that report on recent research developments in the area of physiological systems modeling and anal ysis of physiological signals. As in the first volume of this series, the work reported herein is concerned with the development of advanced methodologies and their novel application to problems of biomedical interest, with emphasis on nonlinear aspects of physiological function. The term "advanced methodologies" is used to indicate that the scope of this work extends beyond the ordinary type of analysis used by most investigators in this area, which is confined primarily in the linear domain. As the im portance of nonlinearities in understanding the complex mechanisms of physiological function is increasingly recognized, the need for effective and practical methodolo gies that address the issue of nonlinear dynamics in life sciences becomes more and more pressing. The publication of these volumes and the workshops, organized by the BMSR on the same subject, are two key activities in our efforts to promote and intensify research in this area, foster interaction and collaboration among interested investigators, and disseminate recent results throughout the biomedical community.

Hayek In Mind

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Author : Leslie Marsh
language : en
Publisher: Emerald Group Publishing
Release Date : 2011-12-06

Hayek In Mind written by Leslie Marsh and has been published by Emerald Group Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-12-06 with Business & Economics categories.

This volume brings together for the first time state-of-the-art contributions from neuroscientists and philosophers of mind as well as economists and social theorists, all critically engaging in many aspects of Hayek's philosophical psychology.

Causality Meaningful Complexity And Embodied Cognition

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Author : A. Carsetti
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2010-03-10

Causality Meaningful Complexity And Embodied Cognition written by A. Carsetti and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-03-10 with Philosophy categories.

Arturo Carsetti According to molecular Biology, true invariance (life) can exist only within the framework of ongoing autonomous morphogenesis and vice versa. With respect to this secret dialectics, life and cognition appear as indissolubly interlinked. In this sense, for instance, the inner articulation of conceptual spaces appears to be linked to an inner functional development based on a continuous activity of selection and “anchorage” realised on semantic grounds. It is the work of “invention” and g- eration (in invariance), linked with the “rooting” of meaning, which determines the evolution, the leaps and punctuated equilibria, the conditions related to the unfo- ing of new modalities of invariance, an invariance which is never simple repetition and which springs on each occasion through deep-level processes of renewal and recovery. The selection perpetrated by meaning reveals its autonomy aboveall in its underpinning, in an objective way, the ongoing choice of these new modalities. As such it is not, then, concerned only with the game of “possibles”, offering itself as a simple channel for pure chance, but with providing a channel for the articulation of the “ le” in the humus of a semantic (and embodied) net in order to prepare the necessary conditionsfor a continuousrenewal and recoveryof original creativity. In effect, it is this autonomy in inventing new possible modules of incompressibility whichdeterminestheactualemergenceofnew(andtrue)creativity,whichalsotakes place through the “narration” of the effected construction.

Synergetics Of Cognition

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Author : Hermann Haken
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06

Synergetics Of Cognition written by Hermann Haken and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.

This book presents the invited lectures given at the International Symposium on Synergetics of Cognition held at SchloB Elmau, Bavaria (Fed. Rep. of Germany), June 4-8, 1989. The understanding of the processes underlying cognition is certainly one of the most challenging and difficult problems confronting the human mind. It is an enterprise that requires the cooperation of scientists from fields ranging from the neurosciences and psychology through biology to the computer sciences, physics and mathematics. The papers included in this volume reflect this joint effort. As will be evident, there is a remarkable convergence of ideas stemming from various fields, for instance, the earlier ideas on Gestalt theory celebrate a come back and remarkable analogies are being established with modem concepts of self-organization as dealt with in the interdisciplinary field of synergetics. The individual topics range from the "microscopic level", where new exciting results on specific oscillations of neural activity are reported, to computer simulations of perception, and finally psychological experiments at the "macroscopic level". We hope that this book will convey to its readers the same enthusiasm that was felt by the participants of the symposium. We wish to thank Mrs. U. Funke for the excellent organisation of the sym posium, and the Volkswagen-Stiftung, Hannover, for its financial support. We are furthermore grateful to Christoph Stadler and Zora Franko for their help in com piling the name and subject indexes. Finally we wish to thank Springer-Verlag, in particular Dr. Angela Lahee, for the excellent cooperation.

Brain Dynamics

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Author : Erol Başar
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06

Brain Dynamics written by Erol Başar and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.

This volume is based on contributions to the second Brain Dynamics Conference, held in Berlin on August 10-14, 1987, as a satellite conference of the Budapest Congress of the International Brain Research Organization. Like the volume resulting from the first conference, Dynamics of Sensory and Cognitive Processing by the Brain, the present work covers new approaches to brain function, with emphasis on electromagnetic fields, EEG, event-related potentials, connectivistic views, and neural networks. Close attention is also paid to research in the emerging field of deterministic chaos and strange attractors. The diversity of this collection of papers reflects a multipronged advance in a hitherto relatively neglected domain, i. e., the study of signs of dynamic processes in organized neural tissue in order both to explain them and to exploit them for clues to system function. The need is greater than ever for new windows. This volume reflects a historical moment, the moment when a relatively neglected field of basic research into available signs of dynamic processes ongoing in organized neural tissue is expanding almost explosively to complement other approaches. From the topics treated, this book should appeal, as did its predecessor, to neuroscientists, neurologists, scientists studying complex systems, artificial intelligence, and neural networks, psychobiologists, and all basic and clinical investigators concerned with new techniques of monitoring and analyzing the brain's electromagnetic activity.

The Prefrontal Cortex Its Structure Function And Pathology

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Author : J.P.C. de Bruin
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 1991-03-05

The Prefrontal Cortex Its Structure Function And Pathology written by J.P.C. de Bruin and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991-03-05 with Medical categories.

Thanks to a resurgence of interest and a recent proliferation of research techniques, much new and illuminating data has emerged during the last decade relating to the prefrontal cortex, particularly in primates and rodents. In view of this progress, the 16th International Summer School of Brain Research was held in Amsterdam, The Netherlands from 28 August to 1 September 1989, devoted to the topic of `The Prefrontal Cortex: Its Structure, Function and Pathology'.The edited proceedings, embodied in this 85th volume of `Progress in Brain Research', fall into three sections - the first of which, following two introductory chapters, discusses the present knowledge of the organization of prefrontal cortical systems. In the second section, developmental and plasticity aspects in rodent and human cortex are considered, whilst the third section deals extensively with the functional aspects characteristic for the prefrontal cortex in primates, rats and rabbits. The last section reviews several topics on dysfunction of prefrontal cortex in rat and man, including a historical review on psychosurgery.