Dynamics Of Visual Motion Processing
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Dynamics Of Visual Motion Processing
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Author : Guillaume S. Masson
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2009-12-02
Dynamics Of Visual Motion Processing written by Guillaume S. Masson and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-12-02 with Medical categories.
Motion processing is an essential piece of the complex brain machinery that allows us to reconstruct the 3D layout of objects in the environment, to break camouflage, to perform scene segmentation, to estimate the ego movement, and to control our action. Although motion perception and its neural basis have been a topic of intensive research and modeling the last two decades, recent experimental evidences have stressed the dynamical aspects of motion integration and segmentation. This book presents the most recent approaches that have changed our view of biological motion processing. These new experimental evidences call for new models emphasizing the collective dynamics of large population of neurons rather than the properties of separate individual filters. Chapters will stress how the dynamics of motion processing can be used as a general approach to understand the brain dynamics itself.
Dynamics Of Visual Motion Processing
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010
Dynamics Of Visual Motion Processing written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with categories.
High Level Motion Processing
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Author : Takeo Watanabe
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 1998
High Level Motion Processing written by Takeo Watanabe and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998 with Computers categories.
The contributors to this book focus on such key aspects of motion processing as interaction and integration between locally measured motion units, structure from motion, heading in an optical flow, and second-order motion. They also discuss the interaction of motion processing with other high-level visual functions such as surface representation and attention.
Neuronal Dynamics Of Visual Movement Processing Areas
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Author : Ferenc Acs
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2009
Neuronal Dynamics Of Visual Movement Processing Areas written by Ferenc Acs and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with categories.
Visual Motion And Self Motion Processing In The Human Brain Mpi Series In Biological Cybernetics Bd 31
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Author : Elvira Fischer
language : en
Publisher: Logos Verlag Berlin GmbH
Release Date : 2011
Visual Motion And Self Motion Processing In The Human Brain Mpi Series In Biological Cybernetics Bd 31 written by Elvira Fischer and has been published by Logos Verlag Berlin GmbH this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with Psychology categories.
For the successful recognition of objective, `real' motion based on visual cues it is necessary to take self-induced motion signals into account, such as those induced by eye-movements. During a series of fMRI studies we measured responses of visual and parietal regions to motion cues derived from (a) retinal motion, (b) eyemovements (visual pursuit) and (c) objective, (real) motion. We show that the recently described cingulate sulcus visual area (CSv) is not, as implied before, primarily driven by 3D self-motion cues but favoured 2D translational coherent motion over 3D expanding flow fields. Further, we found that V3A is capable of integrating retinal motion with eye-movements, thus allowing V3A to respond to object motion independent of retinal motion. This allowed us to define a new functional localizer for area V3A. Finally, we showed that activity in the foveal representation of the early visual cortex is driven by a combination of retinal input and by error signals as hypothesized by of Rao and Ballard (1999) for predictive coding. Taken together, this work provides evidence that regions V3A and CSv are key regions concerning visual self-motion processing and that early visual regions might be modulated by feedback from higher motion processing regions.
Effects Of Attention On Visual Motion Processing
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Author : Amira Amina Rezec
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2004
Effects Of Attention On Visual Motion Processing written by Amira Amina Rezec and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Attention categories.
Analog Vlsi Circuits For The Perception Of Visual Motion
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Author : Alan A. Stocker
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2006-03-30
Analog Vlsi Circuits For The Perception Of Visual Motion written by Alan A. Stocker and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-03-30 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Although it is now possible to integrate many millions of transistors on a single chip, traditional digital circuit technology is now reaching its limits, facing problems of cost and technical efficiency when scaled down to ever-smaller feature sizes. The analysis of biological neural systems, especially for visual processing, has allowed engineers to better understand how complex networks can effectively process large amounts of information, whilst dealing with difficult computational challenges. Analog and parallel processing are key characteristics of biological neural networks. Analog VLSI circuits using the same features can therefore be developed to emulate brain-style processing. Using standard CMOS technology, they can be cheaply manufactured, permitting efficient industrial and consumer applications in robotics and mobile electronics. This book explores the theory, design and implementation of analog VLSI circuits, inspired by visual motion processing in biological neural networks. Using a novel approach pioneered by the author himself, Stocker explains in detail the construction of a series of electronic chips, providing the reader with a valuable practical insight into the technology. Analog VLSI Circuits for the Perception of Visual Motion: analyses the computational problems in visual motion perception; examines the issue of optimization in analog networks through high level processes such as motion segmentation and selective attention; demonstrates network implementation in analog VLSI CMOS technology to provide computationally efficient devices; sets out measurements of final hardware implementation; illustrates the similarities of the presented circuits with the human visual motion perception system; includes an accompanying website with video clips of circuits under real-time visual conditions and additional supplementary material. With a complete review of all existing neuromorphic analog VLSI systems for visual motion sensing, Analog VLSI Circuits for the Perception of Visual Motion is a unique reference for advanced students in electrical engineering, artificial intelligence, robotics and computational neuroscience. It will also be useful for researchers, professionals, and electronics engineers working in the field.
Perceptual Consequences Of Surround Suppression And Plasticity In Visual Motion Processing
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Author : Liu Liu
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2017
Perceptual Consequences Of Surround Suppression And Plasticity In Visual Motion Processing written by Liu Liu and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with categories.
"The visual nervous system transforms the input from the visual scene into electrical signals. The electrical signals are in turn read out by other areas of the brain to form perceptual decisions. The relationship between neuronal responses evoked by sensory stimuli and their perceptual correlates is an important research question in modern computational and systems neuroscience. Previous studies of this relationship focused on correlating the response of single neurons to stimuli in their receptive field (RF), defined as a region of the visual space where selective stimuli can evoke a response. However, single neurons are part of a local circuitry that controls their selectivity and modulates their response. The local circuitry is composed of many neurons that encode surrounding regions of the visual space. The neurons in the circuit can interact via excitatory or inhibitory connections. The interactions are crucial for contextual modulation of single neuron response, since any stimulus on the RF of a neuron is part of a larger visual context. Aside from the contextual modulation of neuronal responses, another part of the sensory-to-decision transformation is how the responses of neurons are read out from a population. Correlations in the responses of neurons can have a large impact in the amount of information in a population, and this correlation should be quantified when considering a population readout.Another level of complexity is that downstream areas must use this sensory code flexibly in perceptual decision making. Many neurons and areas can contain the information about the sensory stimulus, and the readout should correspond to the experience of the animal. This thesis investigates these issues in order. In chapter 2, I determine the neural basis for a type of contextual modulation in our motion perception, the worsening of motion perception at large stimulus size. Large stimuli suppress the firing rate of neurons in a form of contextual modulation known as surround suppression. I simultaneously record from multiple neurons in the middle temporal visual area (MT), and I perform a simulation of the recorded responses and the correlation structure. I find surround suppression improves the population sensitivity for small stimuli at the expense of weaker sensitivity for large stimuli. In chapter 3, I examine the underlying circuitry mechanisms for surround suppression. Recent work suggests that the cortex operates in a theoretical network where excitation alone is strong enough to induce instability but inhibition maintains the stability. I pharmacologically manipulate the efficacy of inhibitory processes and find that the neuronal dynamics are consistent with the predictions. I then perform additional experiments to confirm that this network mechanism can be generalized to different stimulus dimensions in MT. In chapter 4, I examine the flexibility of the readout of sensory information. The readout of sensory evidence for visual perception is plastic and depends on recent training experience. I use reversible inactivation and microstimulation to probe the causal relationship between MT neuronal response and perception. I find the causal contribution of MT to visual motion perception depends on training the animals on a specific task of motion integration. This thesis has implications in the broader context of neural coding in health and diseases. Previous work shows that natural aging or disease processes can lead to deficits in our sensory perception, and the reduction of inhibition efficacy has been implicated. Therefore, an understanding of the inhibitory interactions in local cortical circuitry may lead to future treatments and interventions." --
Visual Motion Processing
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Author : Thomas Guthier
language : de
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Visual Motion Processing written by Thomas Guthier and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.
The capability to recognize biological motion, i.e. gestures, human actions or face movements is crucial for social interactions, for predators, prey or artifcial systems interacting in a dynamic environment. In this thesis an artifcial feed-forward neural network for biological motion recognition is proposed. Like its natural counterpart, it consists of multiple layers organized in two streams, one for processing static and one for processing dynamic form information. The key component of the proposed system is a novel unsupervised learning algorithn, called VNMF, that is based on sparsity, non-negativity, inhibition and direction selectivity. In the frst layer of the dorsal stream, the VNMF is modifed to solve the optical flow estimation problem. In the subsequent layer the VNMF algorithm extracts prototypical patterns, such as optical flow patterns shaped e.g. as moving heads or lim parts. For the ventral stream the VNMF algorithm learns distict gradient structures, resembling edg...
Visual Motion Processing In The Human Cortex
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Author : Alexander Christopher Huk
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2001
Visual Motion Processing In The Human Cortex written by Alexander Christopher Huk and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001 with categories.