East German Productivity And The Transition To The Market Economy
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East German Productivity And The Transition To The Market Economy
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Author : D. M. W. N. Hitchens
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1993
East German Productivity And The Transition To The Market Economy written by D. M. W. N. Hitchens and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993 with Business & Economics categories.
This book describes the first application to a former communist bloc economy of the technique of detailed matched plant comparisons. It is of special note that the factory visits to East German plants occurred close to the start of the German monetary and economic union. As such, the authors have been able to elucidate both the performance of firms under the previous planning system and the beginnings of the transition to the market economy. Careful benchmark measures of the level of productivity in east German plants compared to counterparts in West Germany are provided (in June 1990 and June 1991). Rates of growth of output per head are indicated and sources of previous and likely future improvements reviewed. The competitive strengths and weaknesses of the firms are discussed. Attention is also given to such factors as product standards, the impact of environmental regulation, switches from Eastern European to Western markets and the suitability of premises. Firms which are judged as likely to survive the transition to the market economy are identified and further examined. The explanations of the East German firms' comparatively low level of productivity are considered; particularly the role of physical and human capital. Various aspects of the machine stock are described; e.g. comparative age, level of technology, country of origin, balance, appropriateness, viability (given various levels of labour costs) and ease of maintenance. The number and quality of skilled persons at various levels of hierarchy are measured. The strategies adopted to supplement East German skills with West German know-how are described. Implications for industrial and regional policy in Germany are drawn. There is also an attempt to apply lessons to other low productivity economies in Eastern Europe and in the EC (particular attention is given in this respect to the case of Northern Ireland).
East German Productivity And The Transition To The Market Economy
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Author : D. M. W. N. Hitchins
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1993
East German Productivity And The Transition To The Market Economy written by D. M. W. N. Hitchins and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993 with categories.
Succeeding In A Transition Economy
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Author : Erik A. Borg
language : en
Publisher: Aalborg Universitetsforlag
Release Date : 2010
Succeeding In A Transition Economy written by Erik A. Borg and has been published by Aalborg Universitetsforlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with Business & Economics categories.
How do companies survive when the basic conditions for their existence can change overnight? The question has a newly revived and essential actuality as a result of the recent world economic crisis. The fall of the Berlin Wall on November 9, 1989, and the launch of the German Economic, Monetary, and Social Union on July 1, 1990, radically changed economic conditions for more than 8,000 previously state-, municipal-, or party-owned companies in the former German Democratic Republic (GDR). Overnight, most East German manufacturing plants had been devalued, after having been able to survive for decades thanks to a protected market in the East. For East German companies, the monetary union meant "the introduction of a social market economy without a market," as described by Birgit Breuel, president of the world's largest holding company, the Treuhand agency. In a move without historical precedent and under considerable political pressure, Treuhand privatized 15,000 companies. Many of these companies did not survive. But for several hundred medium-sized and small businesses, the market economy provided a real upturn, and, for about one hundred companies, it opened doors to previously unimaginable opportunities. Today, several of these firms are brand or market leaders in Germany, or even globally. How did these companies succeed? For an answer, this book visits 15 of these companies in various industries and evaluates the strategies they used to survive or, more importantly, become dominant players. Succeeding in a Transition Economy examines what they did differently from the companies that failed.
Economic Aspects Of German Unification
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Author : Paul J.J. Welfens
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Economic Aspects Of German Unification written by Paul J.J. Welfens and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Political Science categories.
Paul J. J. Welfens The editor is pleased to present a second edition of Economic Aspects of German Unification which includes new chapters and several postscripts. Almost five years after unification output in the ex-GDR is back to its 1989 level. Due to a massive intra-German resource transfer consumption per capita in eastern Germany has not fallen as much as output and employment which reduced by one-fifth within three years. Given high West German transfers which represented about 5% of West German GDP and more than 50% of East German GDP the fall of industrial output could have been much stronger than had politically been feasible. Hence structural change necessary for productivity growth was dramatic in the ex-GDR where the goods producing sector (manufacturing, mining, energy and construction) strongly changed its proportions; within four years construction almost doubled, and the share of investment goods production reduced by 10 percentage points between 1990 and 1994 and is· now down to 21. 1 %. Mining lost two-thirds of its share in the producing sector which itself was reduced relative to GDP. The share of the services industry increased by 5 percentage points between 1991 and 1994, but with a share of 27. 7% in East Germany's GDP it was still about 9 percentage points lower than in western Germany. By contrast, government accounted for 20. 9% of GDP in eastern Germany, but for only 13. 2% in western Germany.
An Exercise In Futility
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Author : Albrecht Ritschl
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1994
An Exercise In Futility written by Albrecht Ritschl and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994 with Germany categories.
East Germany
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Author : Jürgen von Hagen
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2000
East Germany written by Jürgen von Hagen and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with Economic development categories.
Successful Transformations
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Author : Martin R. Myant
language : en
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Release Date : 1996
Successful Transformations written by Martin R. Myant and has been published by Edward Elgar Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996 with Business & Economics categories.
Contrasts the recent transitions from central planning to a free market economy in Eastern Germany and the Czech Republic, highlighting the different paths the two countries have taken and looking at whether the relative success of these two economies can point to a special policy regime which might aid economic transition in other former communist countries. Annotation copyright by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Subsidization And Structural Change In Eastern Germany
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Author : Katja Gerling
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2002-06-20
Subsidization And Structural Change In Eastern Germany written by Katja Gerling and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002-06-20 with Business & Economics categories.
Economic policy interventions of a scale as effected in Eastern Germany can be expected to have a significant impact on the economy. The question whether investment subsidization as a core policy instrument is a suitable measure to initiate a self-sustaining upswing in the Eastern German economy and an improvement of living standards has been reason for dispute since the beginning of transition. Using econometric techniques, the study analyzes the effects of investment subsidies on economic structure, employment and productivity in the Eastern German industry. The study suggests that there is a need for redesigning subsidization and changing infrastructure and labor market policies.
The Politics Of Economic Decline In East Germany 1945 1989
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Author : Jeffrey Kopstein
language : en
Publisher: Univ of North Carolina Press
Release Date : 2000-11-09
The Politics Of Economic Decline In East Germany 1945 1989 written by Jeffrey Kopstein and has been published by Univ of North Carolina Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000-11-09 with Political Science categories.
Jeffrey Kopstein offers the first comprehensive study of East German economic policy over the course of the state's forty-year history. Analyzing both the making of economic policy at the national level and the implementation of specific policies on the shop floor, he provides new and essential background to the revolution of 1989. In particular, he shows how decisions made at critical junctures in East Germany's history led to a pattern of economic decline and worker dissatisfaction that contributed to eventual political collapse. East Germany was generally considered to have the most successful economy in the Eastern Bloc, but Kopstein explores what prevented the country's leaders from responding effectively to pressing economic problems. He depicts a regime caught between the demands of a disaffected working class whose support was crucial to continued political stability, an intractable bureaucracy, an intolerant but surprisingly weak Soviet patron state, and a harsh international economic climate. Rather than pushing for genuine economic change, the East German Communist Party retreated into what Kopstein calls a 'campaign economy' in which an endless series of production campaigns was used to squeeze greater output from an inherently inefficient economic system. Originally published in 1996. A UNC Press Enduring Edition -- UNC Press Enduring Editions use the latest in digital technology to make available again books from our distinguished backlist that were previously out of print. These editions are published unaltered from the original, and are presented in affordable paperback formats, bringing readers both historical and cultural value.
Employment Policy In Transition
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Author : Regina T. Riphahn
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Employment Policy In Transition written by Regina T. Riphahn and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Business & Economics categories.
A historically unique experiment is about to enter its second decade - German unification. Early hopes for a rapid and smooth economic transformation soon turned out to be overly optimistic. Despite massive financial transfers, the political promise of a "blooming landscape" remains a vision. Actual developments have left deep scars on the labor market, and the effects will be felt for decades to come. Was this outcome to be expected, perhaps even inevitable? What went wrong, and what were the available options? Or is the current state of Eastern German labor market in fact better than is commonly assumed?