Economic Growth Efficiency And Inequality

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Economic Growth Efficiency And Inequality

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Author : Satish K. Jain
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2015-06-05

Economic Growth Efficiency And Inequality written by Satish K. Jain and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-06-05 with Business & Economics categories.

This volume deals with a range of contemporary issues in Indian and other world economies, with a focus on economic theory and policy and their longstanding implications. It analyses and predicts the mechanisms that can come into play to determine the function of institutions and the impact of public policy.

Redistribution Inequality And Growth

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Author : Mr.Jonathan David Ostry
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2014-02-17

Redistribution Inequality And Growth written by Mr.Jonathan David Ostry and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-02-17 with Business & Economics categories.

The Fund has recognized in recent years that one cannot separate issues of economic growth and stability on one hand and equality on the other. Indeed, there is a strong case for considering inequality and an inability to sustain economic growth as two sides of the same coin. Central to the Fund’s mandate is providing advice that will enable members’ economies to grow on a sustained basis. But the Fund has rightly been cautious about recommending the use of redistributive policies given that such policies may themselves undercut economic efficiency and the prospects for sustained growth (the so-called “leaky bucket” hypothesis written about by the famous Yale economist Arthur Okun in the 1970s). This SDN follows up the previous SDN on inequality and growth by focusing on the role of redistribution. It finds that, from the perspective of the best available macroeconomic data, there is not a lot of evidence that redistribution has in fact undercut economic growth (except in extreme cases). One should be careful not to assume therefore—as Okun and others have—that there is a big tradeoff between redistribution and growth. The best available macroeconomic data do not support such a conclusion.

Finance Growth And Inequality

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Author : Mr. Ross Levine
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2021-06-11

Finance Growth And Inequality written by Mr. Ross Levine and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-06-11 with Business & Economics categories.

Finance and growth emerged as a distinct field of economics during the last three decades as economists integrated the fields of finance and economic growth and then explored the ramifications of the functioning of financial systems on economic growth, income distribution, and poverty. In this paper, I review theoretical and empirical research on the connections between the operation of the financial system and economic growth and inequality. While subject to ample qualifications, the preponderance of evidence suggests that (1) financial development—both the development of banks and stock markets—spurs economic growth and (2) better functioning financial systems foster growth primarily by improving resource allocation and technological change, not by increasing saving rates. Some research also suggests that financial development expands economic opportunities and tightens income distribution, primarily by boosting the incomes of the poor. This work implies that financial development fosters growth by expanding opportunities. Finally, and more tentatively, financial innovation—improvements in the ability of financial systems to ameliorate information and transaction costs—may be necessary for sustaining growth.

Inequality And Fiscal Policy

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Author : Mr.Benedict J. Clements
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2015-09-21

Inequality And Fiscal Policy written by Mr.Benedict J. Clements and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-09-21 with Business & Economics categories.

The sizeable increase in income inequality experienced in advanced economies and many parts of the world since the 1990s and the severe consequences of the global economic and financial crisis have brought distributional issues to the top of the policy agenda. The challenge for many governments is to address concerns over rising inequality while simultaneously promoting economic efficiency and more robust economic growth. The book delves into this discussion by analyzing fiscal policy and its link with inequality. Fiscal policy is the government’s most powerful tool for addressing inequality. It affects households ‘consumption directly (through taxes and transfers) and indirectly (via incentives for work and production and the provision of public goods and individual services such as education and health). An important message of the book is that growth and equity are not necessarily at odds; with the appropriate mix of policy instruments and careful policy design, countries can in many cases achieve better distributional outcomes and improve economic efficiency. Country studies (on the Netherlands, China, India, Republic of Congo, and Brazil) demonstrate the diversity of challenges across countries and their differing capacity to use fiscal policy for redistribution. The analysis presented in the book builds on and extends work done at the IMF, and also includes contributions from leading academics.

Institutional Efficiency And Its Determinants

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Author : Silvio Borner
language : en
Publisher: OECD Publishing
Release Date : 2004

Institutional Efficiency And Its Determinants written by Silvio Borner and has been published by OECD Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Business & Economics categories.

This publication discusses the impact of institutions on economic development and the determinants that shape institutional quality, using a new institutional economics (NIE) model based on a multidisciplinary approach to understanding issues including growth, efficiency and income distribution. Using the experience of Argentina under the Menem government as a case study, a methodology is developed and applied to test theoretical hypotheses regarding the concept of institutional quality and how delineation between economic and political institutions work in practice. It also considers systems of democracy and autocracy, and the impact of traditional, legal and cultural frameworks on institutional efficiency.

Income Distribution And High Quality Growth

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Author : Vito Tanzi
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 1998

Income Distribution And High Quality Growth written by Vito Tanzi and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998 with Business & Economics categories.

The contributors argue that there need not be a trade-off between growth and equity in the long run. However, attempts by government to influence income distribution through large-scale tax and transfer programs can have a negative impact on growth. The contrast is vivid. While the majority of people in the industrial world and some in the developing world enjoy unprecedented affluence, a far greater number of people in the low-income countries live in abject poverty. Although several developing countries are achieving rapid economic growth and poverty reduction, most formerly centrally planned countries are struggling to implement market-oriented reforms in the midst of economic deterioration and rising poverty. The paramount importance of reducing poverty worldwide is forcing economists and policymakers to look at how income distribution and economic growth interact. The essays in this volume grew out of a 1995 conference sponsored by the International Monetary Fund. The contributors are scholars and policymakers from academic institutions, governments, and international organizations. The questions discussed include: How does income distribution interact with economic growth in the short run and the long run? To what extent can government use transfer programs to increase the incomes of the poor? How can government use social programs to help the poor increase their income-earning capacity? Does distributional inequality create an obstacle to long-term poverty reduction? Alternatively, is distributional inequality a necessary means of achieving economic growth? Generally, the contributors agree that there need not be a trade-off between growth and equity in the long run. However, attempts by government to influence income distribution through large-scale tax and transfer programs can have a negative impact on growth.

Growth Without Inequality

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Author : Henry K. H. Woo
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2017-03-27

Growth Without Inequality written by Henry K. H. Woo and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-03-27 with Business & Economics categories.

Cover -- Half title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- Preface -- Acknowledgements -- PART I: Diagnosis -- 1. Growth and Its Drivers -- 1.1 A Critique of the Standard Growth Theory -- 1.2 Growth Driver I: Institution -- 1.3 Growth-Driver II: Scale -- 1.4 Growth-driver III: Productivity -- 1.5 Explaining Growth Phenomena -- Notes -- 2. Growth and Its Consequences -- 2.1 Price-Value Analytics -- 2.2 Value Hijacked: Scarcity Engineering and Price Manipulation -- 2.3 Value Subverted: Financial Capitalism -- 2.4 How Growth Subverts Equality -- Notes -- PART II: Solution -- 3. The Vain Search for Solution -- 3.1 The Market as a Non-solution for Inequality -- 3.2 Government-market Complementarity as Non-solution for Inequality -- Notes -- 4. The NPV Model and Economy II -- 4.1 The Paradox and Predicaments of the Capitalist System -- 4.2 NPV Model and Economy II -- 4.3 Empowering Economy II - the Idea of Voucher -- 4.4 Operational Details of Economy II - the Natural Person Company -- 4.5 Economy II in Operation - Vouchers -- 4.6 Funding -- 4.7 Possible Drawbacks and Criticisms -- Notes -- 5. Growth Without Inequality -- 5.1 Equality -- 5.2 Growth -- 5.3 Stability -- 5.4 Individual Well-being and Social Harmony -- Notes -- Further Reading -- Index.

Economic Growth And Inequality

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Author : Laurent Dobuzinskis
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2023-02-02

Economic Growth And Inequality written by Laurent Dobuzinskis and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-02-02 with Business & Economics categories.

In an era of increasing inequalities, and also of deep anxieties about the consequences of two major economic crises, economists are faced with a major question: can economic growth be achieved without inequalities? Economic Growth and Inequality critically evaluates the economic literature on this question from a pragmatic perspective, seeking to reconcile those who regard economic liberties as a paramount value, and critics who object that prioritizing these liberties leads to inequitable outcomes. The book presents an overview of the models used by economists to define and measure inequalities and the ongoing dialogues between political philosophers and economists in an effort to find solutions to the problems. It explores Rawlsian justice, Sen’s capability theory, and the theory of rent and compares and contrasts the most often discussed institutions and policies designed for remedying poverty and reducing inequalities. This book marks a significant contribution to the literature on some of the most pressing problems of our time and will be of great interest to readers of political economy, public policy, moral philosophy, and history of economic and political thought.

Equality And Efficiency Rev

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Author : Arthur M. Okun
language : en
Publisher: Brookings Institution Press
Release Date : 2015-04-30

Equality And Efficiency Rev written by Arthur M. Okun and has been published by Brookings Institution Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-04-30 with Business & Economics categories.

Originally published in 1975, Equality and Efficiency: The Big Tradeoff is a very personal work from one of the most important macroeconomists of the last hundred years. And this new edition includes "Further Thoughts on Equality and Efficiency," a paper published by the author two years later. In classrooms Arthur M. Okun may be best remembered for Okun's Law, but his lasting legacy is the respect and admiration he earned from economists, practitioners, and policymakers. Equality and Efficiency is the perfect embodiment of that legacy, valued both by professional economists and those readers with a keen interest in social policy. To his fellow economists, Okun presents messages, in the form of additional comments and select citations, in his footnotes. To all readers, Okun presents an engaging dual theme: the market needs a place, and the market needs to be kept in its place. As Okun puts it: Institutions in a capitalist democracy prod us to get ahead of our neighbors economically after telling us to stay in line socially. This double standard professes and pursues an egalitarian political and social system while simultaneously generating gaping disparities in economic well-being. Today, Okun's dual theme feels incredibly prescient as we grapple with the hot-button topic of income inequality. In his foreword, Lawrence H. Summers declares: On what one might think of as questions of "economic philosophy," I doubt that Okun has been improved on in the subsequent interval. His discussion of how societies rely on rights as well as markets should be required reading for all young economists who are enamored with market solutions to all problems. With a new foreword by Lawrence H. Summers

Inequality Economic Growth And Technological Change

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Author : Volker Grossmann
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06

Inequality Economic Growth And Technological Change written by Volker Grossmann and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Business & Economics categories.

The book examines the relationship between inequality, growth and technological progress. It provides a broad overview of the existing literature and introduces specific, innovative aspects about the impact of inequality and redistribution on growth when growth is driven by human or physical capital investments, as well as the impact of technological progress and accumulation on the distribution of earnings. There is a special focus on the role of social comparison, redistributive taxation and new information technologies for the relationship between inequality and growth. The analytical part of the book mainly consists of endogenous growth models.