Edhf

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Edhf

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Author : Michel Feletou
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2005-11-02

Edhf written by Michel Feletou and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-11-02 with Medical categories.

The advances made in vascular biology in the last 25 years have considerably changed the perception that one could have of the endothelial cells. Once considered as a diffusion barrier preventing the access of the blood cells to the vascular matrix, the endothelium is now recognized as playing a major role in the control of blood fluidity, platelet aggregation, and vascular tone, but also in immunology, inflammation, angiogenesis, and for serving as a metabolizing and an endocrine organ. -- from the preface Cardiovascular diseases, so prevalent in the Western world during the twentieth century, could well become the scourge of the twenty-first century in emerging countries as well as the West. Endothelial dysfunction linked to an imbalance in the synthesis and/or release of contracting and relaxing factors is often evoked to explain the initiation of the cardiovascular pathology or its development and perpetuation. Two decades ago, when nitric oxide was demonstrated to mediate endothelium-dependent relaxations, the vascular world seemed convinced that nitric oxide was the ultimate and sole explanation for such relaxations. However not everyone agreed. EDHF: The Complete Story is the work of two leading researchers who did not accept that simple conclusion, but instead continued to search, along with others, for a deeper understanding of the ways in which endothelial cells communicate with the underlying smooth muscle to signal it to hyperpolarize. Now with most, if not all, of those ways, uncovered, the authors offer this summary as way of bringing closure to the quest. This monograph reports on the work of many researchers. It summarizes the significant recent discoveries concerning endothelium-dependent hyperpolarizations, which are likely to play a much more important role in cardiovascular physiology and pathology than was originally foreseen Extensively illustrated with original diagrams and schematics that summarize the different steps of endothelium-dependent hyperpolarization, the text is designed for vascular biologists, and cardiologists, as well as graduate students looking to gain an understanding of the intimate functioning of the blood vessel wall.

Edhf 2000

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Author : Paul M. Vanhoutte
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2003-09-02

Edhf 2000 written by Paul M. Vanhoutte and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-09-02 with Medical categories.

Understanding the nature and role of endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor appears to be crucial in the quest for improved treatments for hypertension, diabetes, ischemia-reperfusion and other vascular disorders. EDHF 2000 comprises the proceedings of the Third International Symposium on endothelium-dependent hyperpolarizations. The first two meetings established a role for EDHF and other chemical factors involved in endothelium-dependent hyperpolarizations. These proceedings focus upon the role of gap junctions in cardiovascular responses and investigate the chemical identity of EDHF. Additional chapters on Physiology, Hormonal Modulation and Pathological Changes are also included. EDHF 2000 will be of interest not only to physiologists and pharmacologists puzzled by the complexity of the interactions between the endothelium and underlying vascular smooth muscle cells, but also clinical researchers and physicians treating patients with cardiovascular diseases.

Edhf

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Author : Michel Félétou
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006

Edhf written by Michel Félétou and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with MEDICAL categories.

The advances made in vascular biology in the last 25 years have considerably changed the perception that one could have of the endothelial cells. Once considered as a diffusion barrier preventing the access of the blood cells to the vascular matrix, the endothelium is now recognized as playing a major role in the control of blood fluidity, platelet aggregation, and vascular tone, but also in immunology, inflammation, angiogenesis, and for serving as a metabolizing and an endocrine organ.-- from the prefaceCardiovascular diseases, so prevalent in the Western world during the twentieth century, could well become the scourge of the twenty-first century in emerging countries as well as the West. Endothelial dysfunction linked to an imbalance in the synthesis and/or release of contracting and relaxing factors is often evoked to explain the initiation of the cardiovascular pathology or its development and perpetuation. Two decades ago, when nitric oxide was demonstrated to mediate endothelium-dependent relaxations, the vascular world seemed convinced that nitric oxide was the ultimate and sole explanation for such relaxations. However not everyone agreed.EDHF: The Complete Story is the work of two leading researchers who did not accept that simple conclusion, but instead continued to search, along with others, for a deeper understanding of the ways in which endothelial cells communicate with the underlying smooth muscle to signal it to hyperpolarize. Now with most, if not all, of those ways, uncovered, the authors offer this summary as way of bringing closure to the quest.This monograph reports on the work of many researchers. It summarizes the significant recent discoveries concerning endothelium-dependent hyperpolarizations, which are likely to play a much more important role in cardiovascular physiology and pathology than was originally foreseenExtensively illustrated with original diagrams and schematics that su

The Endothelium Part Ii

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Author : Michel Félétou
language : en
Publisher: Biota Publishing
Release Date : 2011-05-01

The Endothelium Part Ii written by Michel Félétou and has been published by Biota Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-05-01 with Science categories.

The endothelium controls vascular tone by releasing various vasoactive substances. Additionally, another pathway associated with the hyperpolarization of both endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells contributes also to endothelium-dependent relaxations (EDHF-mediated responses). These responses involve an increase in the intracellular Ca concentration of the endothelial cells followed by the opening of Ca-activated K channels of small and intermediate conductances (SKCa and IKCa). These channels show a distinct subcellular distribution, suggesting that their activation could be elicited by distinct stimuli. Following KCa activation, the endothelial hyperpolarization can be conducted to the underlying smooth muscle cells by electrical coupling through myo-endothelial gap junctions. In addition, the potassium efflux can lead to the accumulation of potassium ions in the intercellular space and the subsequent activation of smooth muscle Kir2.1 and/or Na/K-ATPase. The hyperpolarization of the smooth muscle cells produces vascular relaxation, predominantly by closing voltage-gated calcium channels, and vasodilatation. EDHFmediated responses are altered in various pathologies or, conversely, act as a compensating mechanism when other endothelial pathways are impaired. A better characterization of EDHF-mediated responses should allow determining whether or not new drugable targets can be identified within this endothelial pathway for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Table of Contents: Endothelium-Dependent Hyperpolarizations: The Classical "EDHF" Pathway / Conclusion / References

Edhf 2002

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Author : Paul M. Vanhoutte
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2001-11-29

Edhf 2002 written by Paul M. Vanhoutte and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001-11-29 with Medical categories.

Understanding the nature and role of endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor is crucial in the quest for improved treatments for hypertension, diabetes, ischemia-reperfusion, and other vascular disorders. EDHF 2002 is based on the proceedings of the Fourth International Symposium on endothelium-dependent hyperpolarizations. It will be of interest not only to physiologists and pharmacologists puzzled by the complexity of the interactions between the endothelium and underlying vascular smooth muscle cells, but also clinical researchers and physicians treating patients with cardiovascular diseases.

The Endothelium Part Ii

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Author : Michel F. L. Tou
language : en
Publisher: Morgan & Claypool Publishers
Release Date : 2011

The Endothelium Part Ii written by Michel F. L. Tou and has been published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with Science categories.

Endothelium Derived Hyperpolarizing Factor Edhf Is A Major Endothelium Dependent Factor Involved In Modulating Microvascular Tone In Striated Muscle

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Author : Scott A. Merkley
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2000

Endothelium Derived Hyperpolarizing Factor Edhf Is A Major Endothelium Dependent Factor Involved In Modulating Microvascular Tone In Striated Muscle written by Scott A. Merkley and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with categories.

Mechanisms Of Endothelium Dependant Dilation

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Author : Sharmila Deepa Chauhan
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2003

Mechanisms Of Endothelium Dependant Dilation written by Sharmila Deepa Chauhan and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with categories.

Endothelium Derived Vasoactive Factors In Cerebral Arteries

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Author : Jesper Petersson
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1997

Endothelium Derived Vasoactive Factors In Cerebral Arteries written by Jesper Petersson and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997 with Cerebral arteries categories.

Investigation Of The Regulator

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Author : Qiaoxue Pu
language : en
Publisher: Open Dissertation Press
Release Date : 2017-01-26

Investigation Of The Regulator written by Qiaoxue Pu and has been published by Open Dissertation Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-01-26 with Medical categories.

This dissertation, "Investigation of the Regulatory Pathways Involved in NO- and EDHF-mediated Relaxations in Porcine Coronary Arteries" by Qiaoxue, Pu, 浦峤雪, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: Background Nitric oxide (NO) and endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF) are both important relaxing factors. Their synthesis, release and downstream signaling pathways are controlled by a number of proteins, such that alteration in the activity of these proteins may disturb vascular tone. Aim This study was aimed to investigate the role of some of the regulatory proteins in NO- and EDHF-mediated relaxations. The regulatory proteins that were examined include: 1) calcium-calmodulin dependent protein kinase II (CaMK II), 2) mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), 3) adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), 4) phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) / protein kinase B (Akt) and 5) phosphoprotein phosphatase. Experimental approach Organ chamber system was used for measuring isometric tension of porcine coronary arteries. The role of the regulatory proteins was investigated by using their activators or inhibitors. In the contraction study, arterial rings without endothelium were contracted with U46619 (0.1 nM to 10 μM) or phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (PDBu, 0.1 nM to 1 μM). In the relaxation study, arterial rings with and without endothelium were contracted with U46619 (30 or 100 nM). They were incubated with indomethacin (cyclooxygenase inhibitor, 10 μM) and TRAM-34 plus UCL1684 (intermediate- and small-conductance calcium-activated potassium channel blockers, respectively; 1 μM each) or L-NAME (NO synthase inhibitor, 30 μM) for the study of NO and EDHF components of bradykinin (0.1 nM to 10 μM)-induced relaxations. Moreover, endothelium-independent relaxations by sodium nitroprusside (SNP, exogenous NO donor, 0.1 nM to 100 μM) and diazoxide (ATP-sensitive potassium channel activator, 1 nM to 1 mM) were examined in arteries without endothelium. Key findings 1. NO and EDHF are both involved in endothelium-dependent relaxation in porcine coronary arteries, in which NO is the dominant relaxing factor. 2. KN-93 (CaMK II inhibitor, 30 μM) significantly reduced contractions to U46619 and PDBu. On the other hand, CaMK II partly involved in EDHF signaling but not in the NO-mediated relaxations. 3. Calyculin A (phosphoprotein phosphatase inhibitor, 30 nM) greatly inhibited both endothelium-dependent and -independent relaxations. 4. PD98059 (MAPK inhibitor, 30 μM) significantly potentiated bradykinin-induced relaxation that was mediated by EDHF but not that mediated by NO. On the other hand, it potentiated SNP-induced but not diazoxide-induced endothelium-independent relaxations. 5. AMPK and Akt do not play a role in regulating vascular tone as compound C (AMPK inhibitor, 30 μM), AICAR (AMPK activator, 1 mM) and wortmannin (PI3K inhibitor, 100 nM) did not affect contractions to U46619 and PDBu, and relaxations to bradykinin, SNP and diazoxide in porcine coronary arteries. Conclusions and implications Different regulatory proteins (CaMKII, MAPK, AMPK, Akt, phosphoprotein phosphatase) have different effects on the regulation of vascular tone. While the present study has the limitation of using pharmacological agents at only one concentration to examine the role of these proteins, it still produces scientific information for the development of therapeutic agents. In considering CaMK II, MAPK and phosphoprotein phosphatase as potential therapeutic targets, the vascular effe

Edhf

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