Effectiveness Of Waterproofing Membranes For Precast Prestressed Concrete Adjacent Box Beam Bridges
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Effectiveness Of Waterproofing Membranes For Precast Prestressed Concrete Adjacent Box Beam Bridges
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Author : Ali Almonbhi
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018
Effectiveness Of Waterproofing Membranes For Precast Prestressed Concrete Adjacent Box Beam Bridges written by Ali Almonbhi and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with Prestressed concrete bridges categories.
Bridge designs frequently employ precast concrete box beams, with adjacent beams connected using grouted keyways. Failure at these joints leads to water leakage and corrosion in reinforcing bars/strands, resulting in severe damage to concrete elements and reducing the bridge's lifespan. This dissertation investigates the causes for the ineffectiveness of waterproofing membranes in preventing leakage at joints of adjacent box beams.Testing of five commercially available waterproofing membranes showed low tensile and shear strength and high deformability, with membranes exhibiting large elongation and no leakage. Adhesion tests showed limited peel strength. Different practices such as use of primer, sealant, and direct heat were also investigated. Sealant provided better bonding than primer, and heating yielded no improvement in bond strength. All membranes showed low punching resistance but could resist loads up to 1,200 lb in wheel load tests without being damaged. Prestress losses were calculated for construction scenarios for concrete box beams of ages varying from 7 to 180 days at time of deck placement. The difference in prestress losses have an inverse relationship with concrete age at the time of deck placement, while an inverse relationship exists between the age of concrete of prestressed box beams at the time of deck placement and the differential deflections. Spans having different lengths were found to have a proportional relationship to the difference in prestress losses and differential deflections. While differential prestress losses at different concrete ages contribute to joint cracks between adjacent box beams, losses may not be sufficient to rupture the membranes. The maximum differential deflection between adjacent box beams with different concrete ages may cause cracking in the keyways but is likely to be negligible compared to the ability of the membrane to stretch. In visits to an existing bridge and a new bridge underconstruction, deficiencies were noted in the implementation of waterproofing membranes: inadequate specifications and ineffective inspection, absence of membranes on portions of the existing bridge, and protrusions/debris on the concrete deck of the new bridge prior to membrane installation. This study recommends that waterproofing membranes continue to be used in bridges and provides suggestions to improve their implementation.
Waterproofing Details Of Connections For Adjacent Precast Concrete Box Beam Bridges
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Author : Anil Patnaik
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2017
Waterproofing Details Of Connections For Adjacent Precast Concrete Box Beam Bridges written by Anil Patnaik and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with Box girder bridges categories.
Satisfactory performance of non-composite box-beam bridges depends on the effectiveness of the key way, waterproofing membrane and tie rods, and the related construction practices. Development of cracks at the longitudinal joints of such bridges is often a recurring problem that causes water leakage at the joints and corrosion of the embedded prestressing strands. The primary objective of this study was to identify the sources, causes and effects of inadequate waterproofing at the joints and to develop prevention measures. The performance of waterproofing membranes and the structural performance of key way joints with the existing and new grout materials were evaluated and correlated with field measurements recorded under traffic loading. Construction practices for new bridges, and the investigation of a bridge that was in service for 32 years at the time of its demolition were also documented. Mechanical tests on membranes revealed that they are able to accommodate at least one inch of tensile and shear deformations without losing their waterproofing properties. That kind of elongation allows membranes to bridge over any cracks that may develop at the longitudinal joints. Therefore, membrane deficiencies may not the primary cause of water leakage. Key way joints with a combination of the currently specified ODOT geometry and ODOT-approved grouts were found to be incapable of carrying any shear loads in conjunction with out-of-plane moments. From the limited site inspections done in this project, the practices followed at construction sites seem to be seriously flawed and may be largely contributing to water leakage problems in box-beam bridges. Recommendations on new key way geometries and the grouts that were developed and tested in this project are suggested for implementation.
Adjacent Precast Prestressed Concrete Box Girder Bridges Transversely Post Tensioned At Top Flanges Only
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Author : Shady Nasry Badie Labib
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2021
Adjacent Precast Prestressed Concrete Box Girder Bridges Transversely Post Tensioned At Top Flanges Only written by Shady Nasry Badie Labib and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021 with categories.
Adjacent precast, prestressed concrete box girders are widely used in short and medium span bridges in North America. Adjacent box girders are connected at their interface using partial- or full-depth grouted shear keys. Typically, transverse post-tensioning (TPT) is applied through diaphragms at discrete locations along the bridge span to improve the transverse load distribution and control differential deflections. Nevertheless, diaphragms only reduce the differential deflection between girders and do not eliminate it. In addition, the provision of transverse diaphragms is associated with an increased cost and time. The main objective of this research program is to investigate the feasibility of eliminating the transverse diaphragms by applying TPT in the top flange of the girders. The effect of applying TPT in the top flange of the girders, instead of being accommodated in discrete rigid diaphragms, on the transverse load distribution is studied. The research program comprised two phases: experimental and numerical. The experimental phase consisted of four different tests on a one-third scale bridge model, (1) Strain distribution test - uncracked shear key, (2) Load distribution test - uncracked shear key, (3) Load distribution test - cracked shear key, and (4) Ultimate load test. On the other hand, the numerical phase included the construction of a finite element model (FEM) to validate the experimental results of the tested bridge. The validated FEM was then used to study the influence of varying several parameters including the presence of concrete topping, wheel load location and the width of the bridge on the transverse load distribution behavior of box girder bridges. Results demonstrated the efficiency of distributing the TPT force at a shorter spacing along the length of the bridge in producing the minimum required concrete prestress. In addition, the influence of TPT force and spacing on the transverse load distribution behavior was found insignificant during the simulated service condition (fully-intact or partially-cracked shear keys). However, at failure, the presence of TPT added redundancy to the bridge model and mitigated any sudden failure when shear keys were fully cracked. Furthermore, the presence of concrete topping reduced mid-span deflection up to 25%.
Waterproofing Membranes For Concrete Bridge Decks
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Author : David G. Manning
language : en
Publisher: Transportation Research Board
Release Date : 1995
Waterproofing Membranes For Concrete Bridge Decks written by David G. Manning and has been published by Transportation Research Board this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995 with House & Home categories.
This synthesis will be of interest to research, specifications, materials, design, and construction engineers; contract and specification administrators; agency project managers and staff; and concrete bridge deck construction contractors. This synthesis describes the state of the practice with respect to the development and present status of waterproofing membranes for concrete bridge decks. This report of the Transportation Research Board describes the use of waterproofing systems applied to new bridge decks and the rehabilitation of deteriorated concrete bridge decks. In addition, this synthesis describes current practice with regard to methods for assessing the effectiveness of membranes, criteria for use, installation practices, and factors that affect the performance of waterproofing systems in new construction and rehabilitation. Suggestions for future research are also included.
Pci Journal
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1995
Pci Journal written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995 with Precast concrete categories.
Evaluation And Repair Procedures For Precast Prestressed Concrete Girders With Longitudinal Cracking In The Web
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Author : Maher K. Tadros
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010
Evaluation And Repair Procedures For Precast Prestressed Concrete Girders With Longitudinal Cracking In The Web written by Maher K. Tadros and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This report establishes a user's manual for the acceptance, repair, or rejection of precast/prestressed concrete girders with longitudinal web cracking. The report also proposes revisions to the AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications and provides recommendations to develop improved crack control reinforcement details for use in new girders. The material in this report will be of immediate interest to bridge engineers.
Evaluation Of The Effectiveness Of Membrane Waterproofing For Concrete Bridge Decks
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Author : Robert J. Carroll
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1973
Evaluation Of The Effectiveness Of Membrane Waterproofing For Concrete Bridge Decks written by Robert J. Carroll and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1973 with Bridges categories.
Structural Precast Concrete Handbook
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2001
Structural Precast Concrete Handbook written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001 with Precast concrete categories.
Precast Concrete Handbook
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2009
Precast Concrete Handbook written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with Precast concrete categories.
Prestressed Concrete Bridges
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Author : Christian Menn
language : en
Publisher: Birkhäuser
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Prestressed Concrete Bridges written by Christian Menn and has been published by Birkhäuser this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book was written to make the material presented in my book, Stahlbetonbrucken, accessible to a larger number of engineers throughout the world. A work in English, the logical choice for this task, had been contemplated as Stahlbetonbrucken was still in its earliest stages of preparation. The early success of Stahlbetonbrucken provided significant impetus for the writing of Prestressed Concrete Bridges, which began soon after the publication of its predecessor. The present work is more than a mere translation of Stahlbetonbrucken. Errors in Stahlbetonbrucken that were detected after publication have been corrected. New material on the relation between cracking in concrete and corrosion of reinforce ment, prestressing with unbonded tendons, skew-girder bridges, and cable-stayed bridges has been added. Most importantly, however, the presentation of the material has been extensively reworked to improve clarity and consistency. Prestressed Concrete Bridges can thus be regarded as a thoroughly new and improved edition of its predecessor.