Waterproofing Details Of Connections For Adjacent Precast Concrete Box Beam Bridges
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Waterproofing Details Of Connections For Adjacent Precast Concrete Box Beam Bridges
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Author : Anil Patnaik
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2017
Waterproofing Details Of Connections For Adjacent Precast Concrete Box Beam Bridges written by Anil Patnaik and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with Box girder bridges categories.
Satisfactory performance of non-composite box-beam bridges depends on the effectiveness of the key way, waterproofing membrane and tie rods, and the related construction practices. Development of cracks at the longitudinal joints of such bridges is often a recurring problem that causes water leakage at the joints and corrosion of the embedded prestressing strands. The primary objective of this study was to identify the sources, causes and effects of inadequate waterproofing at the joints and to develop prevention measures. The performance of waterproofing membranes and the structural performance of key way joints with the existing and new grout materials were evaluated and correlated with field measurements recorded under traffic loading. Construction practices for new bridges, and the investigation of a bridge that was in service for 32 years at the time of its demolition were also documented. Mechanical tests on membranes revealed that they are able to accommodate at least one inch of tensile and shear deformations without losing their waterproofing properties. That kind of elongation allows membranes to bridge over any cracks that may develop at the longitudinal joints. Therefore, membrane deficiencies may not the primary cause of water leakage. Key way joints with a combination of the currently specified ODOT geometry and ODOT-approved grouts were found to be incapable of carrying any shear loads in conjunction with out-of-plane moments. From the limited site inspections done in this project, the practices followed at construction sites seem to be seriously flawed and may be largely contributing to water leakage problems in box-beam bridges. Recommendations on new key way geometries and the grouts that were developed and tested in this project are suggested for implementation.
Adjacent Precast Concrete Box Beam Bridges
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Author : H. G. Russell
language : en
Publisher: Transportation Research Board
Release Date : 2009
Adjacent Precast Concrete Box Beam Bridges written by H. G. Russell and has been published by Transportation Research Board this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with Box beams categories.
At head of title: National Cooperative Highway Research Program.
Effectiveness Of Waterproofing Membranes For Precast Prestressed Concrete Adjacent Box Beam Bridges
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Author : Ali Almonbhi
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018
Effectiveness Of Waterproofing Membranes For Precast Prestressed Concrete Adjacent Box Beam Bridges written by Ali Almonbhi and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with Prestressed concrete bridges categories.
Bridge designs frequently employ precast concrete box beams, with adjacent beams connected using grouted keyways. Failure at these joints leads to water leakage and corrosion in reinforcing bars/strands, resulting in severe damage to concrete elements and reducing the bridge's lifespan. This dissertation investigates the causes for the ineffectiveness of waterproofing membranes in preventing leakage at joints of adjacent box beams.Testing of five commercially available waterproofing membranes showed low tensile and shear strength and high deformability, with membranes exhibiting large elongation and no leakage. Adhesion tests showed limited peel strength. Different practices such as use of primer, sealant, and direct heat were also investigated. Sealant provided better bonding than primer, and heating yielded no improvement in bond strength. All membranes showed low punching resistance but could resist loads up to 1,200 lb in wheel load tests without being damaged. Prestress losses were calculated for construction scenarios for concrete box beams of ages varying from 7 to 180 days at time of deck placement. The difference in prestress losses have an inverse relationship with concrete age at the time of deck placement, while an inverse relationship exists between the age of concrete of prestressed box beams at the time of deck placement and the differential deflections. Spans having different lengths were found to have a proportional relationship to the difference in prestress losses and differential deflections. While differential prestress losses at different concrete ages contribute to joint cracks between adjacent box beams, losses may not be sufficient to rupture the membranes. The maximum differential deflection between adjacent box beams with different concrete ages may cause cracking in the keyways but is likely to be negligible compared to the ability of the membrane to stretch. In visits to an existing bridge and a new bridge underconstruction, deficiencies were noted in the implementation of waterproofing membranes: inadequate specifications and ineffective inspection, absence of membranes on portions of the existing bridge, and protrusions/debris on the concrete deck of the new bridge prior to membrane installation. This study recommends that waterproofing membranes continue to be used in bridges and provides suggestions to improve their implementation.
Guidelines For Adjacent Precast Concrete Box Beam Bridge Systems
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Author : Richard A. Miller (Professional engineer)
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2023
Guidelines For Adjacent Precast Concrete Box Beam Bridge Systems written by Richard A. Miller (Professional engineer) and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023 with Box beams categories.
Full Depth Shear Key Performance In Adjacent Prestressed Beam Bridges
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Author : Jyotirmay Lall
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1997
Full Depth Shear Key Performance In Adjacent Prestressed Beam Bridges written by Jyotirmay Lall and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997 with Box girder bridges categories.
Bridge decks supported by adjacent precast/prestressed-concrete beams have become increasingly popular in recent years due to their ease of construction, shallow superstructure, and aesthetic appeal. In New York, such structures are built by placing a number of precast beams alongside one another and connecting them through grouted keyways called "shear keys". After the grout hardens, the beams are transversely post-tensioned and a composite, cast-in-place deck is poured over them. Before 1992, field inspection personnel frequently reported the appearance of longitudinal deck cracking over these partial-depth shear keys soon after construction. In response, a new system using full-depth shear keys with more transverse tendons was adopted in 1992. Since then, more than 100 such bridges have been built statewide. To evaluate their performance, a followup inspection survey was conducted in 1996 on 91 such bridges.
Integral And Semi Integral Bridges
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Author : Martin P Burke Jr
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2009-06-17
Integral And Semi Integral Bridges written by Martin P Burke Jr and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-06-17 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Worldwide, integral type bridges are being used in greater numbersin lieu of jointed bridges because of their structural simplicity,first-cost economy, and outstanding durability. In the UK and theUS states of Tennessee and Missouri, for example, the constructionof most moderate length bridges is based on the integral bridgeconcept. The state of Washington uses semi-integral bridges almostexclusively, while, depending on subfoundation characteristics, thestate of Ohio and others use a mix of these two bridge types. Integral and Semi-Integral Bridges has been written by apracticing bridge design engineer who has spent his entire careerinvolved in the origination, evaluation and design of such bridgesin the USA, where they have been in use since the late1930’s. This work shows how the analytical complexity due tothe elimination of movable joints can be minimized to negligiblelevels so that most moderate length bridges can be easily andquickly modified or replaced with either integral or semi-integralbridges. Bridge design, construction, and maintenance engineers; bridgedesign administrators; graduate level engineering students andstructural research professionals will all find this bookexceptionally informative for a wide range of highway bridgeapplications.
Box Beams For Prestressed Concrete Bridges Summary Of Previous Research And Recommendations For Future Testing
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1967
Box Beams For Prestressed Concrete Bridges Summary Of Previous Research And Recommendations For Future Testing written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1967 with Box beams categories.
Bridge Deck Joints
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Author : Martin P. Burke
language : en
Publisher: Transportation Research Board National Research
Release Date : 1989
Bridge Deck Joints written by Martin P. Burke and has been published by Transportation Research Board National Research this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1989 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This synthesis will be of interest to bridge designers, maintenance engineers, and others concerned with designing and maintaining bridge deck joints. Information is presented on the types of deck joints used in bridges and on the design of bridges without joints. Bridges are continually moving and thus need either some type of deck joint or an integral design to accommodate this movement. This report of the Transportation Research Board describes the types of deck joints being used, the problems with these joints, and how integral construction-- bridge decks without joints--can be used to avoid joints.
Development Of Improved Connection Details For Adjacent Prestressed Member Bridges
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Author : Kedar Halbe
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2017
Development Of Improved Connection Details For Adjacent Prestressed Member Bridges written by Kedar Halbe and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with Box girder bridges categories.
Adjacent prestressed member girder bridges are economical systems for short spans and generally come in two types: adjacent box beam bridges and adjacent voided slab bridges. Each type provides the advantages of having low clearances because of their shallow section depths, accelerated construction times, and high torsional stiffness. The current longitudinal connection detail, a partial depth grouted shear key, has been known to fail in many of these bridges. The failure leads to reflective cracking in the wearing surface, which allows chloride-laden water to seep through the joint, where it can corrode the reinforcement and prestressing strand. Ultimately, the failed keys lead to costly repairs and bridge replacements sooner than their proposed lifespan. Failed keys also lead to poor load sharing, which in turn could result in beams carrying more load than that for which they were designed. This study was composed of three distinct phases: testing of in-service adjacent member bridges; finite element modeling of these bridges; and testing of adjacent box beam and voided slab sub-assemblages. The sub-assemblages were designed to replicate behavior in a full-sized adjacent member bridge and were constructed with five alternate connections (in each girder type) as well as a control specimen with the current joint detail. The objective was to compare the tested details and to find a connection that abated cracking in the shear key. The tested connections employed alternate connection shapes and two different mix designs of fiber-reinforced, high-strength concrete. The results showed that all alternative connections outperformed the current detail. The best performing connection included blocked out concrete at adjacent stirrups. A short reinforcing bar was placed in the blockout to lap the stirrups on adjacent beams. The blockout was filled with a fiber-reinforced, high-strength concrete. This connection survived 1 million load cycles mimicking an HL-93 truck with little or no cracking and no leakage.
Box Beams For Prestressed Concrete Bridges Test Of A Model Through Voided Box Beam Bridge
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1967
Box Beams For Prestressed Concrete Bridges Test Of A Model Through Voided Box Beam Bridge written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1967 with Box beams categories.