Effects Of Detailing And Fibers On The Static And Blast Behaviour Of High Strength Concrete Beams
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Effects Of Detailing And Fibers On The Static And Blast Behaviour Of High Strength Concrete Beams
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Author : Charlemagne Junior Charles
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019
Effects Of Detailing And Fibers On The Static And Blast Behaviour Of High Strength Concrete Beams written by Charlemagne Junior Charles and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with categories.
The CSA S850 Blast standard provides guidelines that can be used to enhance the blast performance of reinforced concrete structures. In the case of beams, the standard requires the use of top continuity (compression) bars and well-detailed transverse steel to ensure strength and ductility under blast loads. However, the requirements in the CSA S850 standard are intended for normal-strength concrete structures. Given the increased use of high-strength concrete (HSC) in practice, there is a need to explore the effects of modern blast designs on the behavior of HSC structures subjected to blast loads. Accordingly, this project examines the effect of modern reinforcement detailing on the static, dynamic and post-blast performance of high-strength concrete beams. The study further examines the ability to use fibers to relax such detailing and simplify construction. A total of seventeen beams are tested. Static testing is conducted under four-point bending, with blast testing conducted using the University of Ottawa shock-tube. The post-blast behavior of the beams is assessed by conducting residual static tests on the blast-damaged specimens. The parameters investigated include the effects of: blast detailing vs. nominal detailing, steel fibers, the effect of longitudinal steel ratio (in compression and tension) and tie spacing. The results show that under static loads, the use of blast detailing significantly improves the flexural behavior of the beams in terms of ductility. Likewise, the provision of continuity (compression) bars and closely spaced ties is found to improve blast performance by better controlling displacements, increasing blast resistance, limiting damages and allowing for important post-blast residual capacity. The use of steel fibers and relaxed detailing (increased tie spacing) is found to increase resistance and improve cracking behavior under static loads, with an ability to match the blast performance of more heavily-detailed HSC specimens. The use of fibers also allowed for substantial post-blast capacity. Finally, the steel ratio (in tension, in compression and in the transverse direction) was found to affect the blast behavior of the HSC beams. In addition to the experiments, the analytical study predicts the static and blast response of the tested beams using sectional analysis and non-linear SDOF modeling. Results show that the analysis methodology was able to predict the static and blast responses of the blast-detailed and fiber-reinforced HSC beams with reasonable accuracy.
Structural Performance Of High Strength Reinforced Concrete Beams Built With Synthetic Fibers
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Author : Roukaya Bastami
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019
Structural Performance Of High Strength Reinforced Concrete Beams Built With Synthetic Fibers written by Roukaya Bastami and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with categories.
This thesis presents the results of a research program examining the effects of macro-synthetic fibers on the shear and flexural behaviour of high-strength concrete (HSC) beams subjected to static and blast loads. As part of the study, a series of seventeen fiber-reinforced HSC beams are built and tested under either quasi-static four-point bending or simulated blast loads using a shock-tube. The investigated test parameters include the effects of: macro-synthetic fibers, fiber hybridization, combined use of fibers and stirrups and longitudinal steel ratio and type. The results show that under slowly applied loads, the provision of synthetic fibers improves the shear capacity of the beams by allowing for the development of yield stresses in the longitudinal reinforcement, while the combined use of synthetic fibers and stirrups is found to improve flexural ductility and cracking behaviour. The results also show that the provision of synthetic fibers delays shear failure in beams tested under blast pressures, with improved control of blast-induced displacements and increased damage tolerance in beams designed with combined fibers and stirrups. The study also shows that the use of hybrid fibers was capable of effectively replacing transverse reinforcement under both loading types, allowing for ductile flexural failure. Moreover, the use of synthetic fibers was effective in better controlling crushing and spalling in beams designed with Grade 690 MPa high-strength reinforcement. Furthermore, the results demonstrate that synthetic fibers can possibly be used to relax the stringent detailing required by modern blast codes by increasing the transverse reinforcement hoop spacing without compromising performance. As part of the analytical study, the load-deflection responses (resistance functions) of the beams are predicted using sectional (moment-curvature) analysis, as well as more advanced 2D finite element modelling. Dynamic resistance functions developed using both approaches, and incorporating material strain-rate effects, are then used to conduct non-linear single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) analyses of the blast-tested beams. In general, the results show that both methods resulted in reasonably accurate predictions of the static and dynamic experimental results.
Uhpcc Under Impact And Blast
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Author : Qin Fang
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2021-02-22
Uhpcc Under Impact And Blast written by Qin Fang and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-02-22 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book is about the Ultra-high Performance Cementitious Composites (UHPCC), which is a relativity new type of cementitious materials. UHPCC has very low water-to-binder ratio, high amount of high-range water reducer, fine aggregates and high-strength steel or organic fibers. With the prominent mechanical properties, e.g., high compressive and tensile strength, high ductility, and high fracture energy, UHPCC has been becoming the most prospective construction cement-based material for both civil and military structures to resist high-speed projectile penetration, low-velocity impact and blast loadings. In this book, the related work conducted by authors on the static and dynamic mechanical properties, as well as the impact and blast resistance of UHPCC are presented. This book is written for the researchers, engineers and graduate students in the fields of protective structures and terminal ballistics.
Effect Of High Performance Steel Materials On The Blast Behaviour Of Ultra High Performance Concrete Columns
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Author : Sarah De Carufel
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Effect Of High Performance Steel Materials On The Blast Behaviour Of Ultra High Performance Concrete Columns written by Sarah De Carufel and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.
Previous events have demonstrated the vulnerability of reinforced concrete infrastructure to blast loading. In buildings, ground-story columns are key structural components, and their failure can lead to extensive damages which can cause progressive collapse. To prevent such disasters, the steel reinforcement in such columns must be properly detailed to ensure sufficient strength and ductility. The use of modern concrete materials such ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) is one potential solution to improve the blast performance of columns. UHPC shows high compressive strength, high tensile resistance and superior toughness, properties which make it ideal for use in the blast-resistant design of columns. The combined use of UHPC and high-performance steels can potentially be used to further enhance the blast resistance of columns. This thesis presents an experimental and analytical study which investigated the use of high-performance materials to increase the blast capacity and ductility of reinforced concrete columns. As part of the experimental study, a total of seventeen columns were tested under simulated blast loading using the University of Ottawa Shock-Tube. Parameters investigated included the effect of concrete type (NSC and UHPC), steel reinforcement type (normal-strength, high-strength or highly ductile), longitudinal reinforcement ratio, seismic detailing and fiber properties. The test program included two control specimens built with normal-strength concrete, five specimens built with UHPC in combination with high-strength steel, and ten columns built with highly ductile stainless steel reinforcement. Each column was subjected to a series of increasing blast pressures until failure. The performance of the columns is investigated by comparing the displacements, impulse capacity and secondary fragmentation resistance of the columns. The results show that using high-performance steels increases the blast performance of UHPC columns. The use of sufficient amounts of high-strength steel in combination with UHPC led to important increases in column blast capacity. The use of ductile stainless steel reinforcement allowed for important enhancements in column ductility, with an ability to prevent rupture of tension steel reinforcement. The study also shows that increasing the longitudinal reinforcement ratio is an effective means of increasing the blast resistance of UHPC columns The thesis also presents an extensive analytical study which aimed at predicting the response of the test columns using dynamic inelastic, single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) analysis. A sensitivity analysis was also performed to examine the effect of various modelling parameters on the analytical predictions. Overall, it was shown that SDOF analysis could be used to predict the blast response of UHPC columns with reasonable accuracy. To further corroborate the results from the experimental study, the thesis also presents an analytical parametric study examining the blast performance of larger-scale columns. The results further demonstrate the benefits of using UHPC and high-performance steel reinforcement in columns subjected to blast loading.
Blast Performance Of Reiforced Concrete Beams Constructed With High Strength Concrete And High Strength Reinforcement
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Author : Yang Li
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Blast Performance Of Reiforced Concrete Beams Constructed With High Strength Concrete And High Strength Reinforcement written by Yang Li and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.
This thesis focuses on the dynamic and static behaviour of reinforced concrete beams built using high-strength concrete and high-strength steel reinforcement. As part of this study, a total of 8 high-strength concrete beams, built with and without steel fibres, and reinforced with high strength ASTM A1035 bars are tested under simulated blast loading using the University of Ottawa shock-tube, with an additional 3 companion beams tested under quasi-static loading. The variables considered in this study include: concrete type, fibre content, steel reinforcement ratio and steel reinforcement type. The behaviour of the beams with high-strength steel bars is compared to a companion set of beams reinforced with conventional steel reinforcement. The criteria used to evaluate the blast performance of the beams includes: overall blast capacity, maximum and residual displacements, secondary fragmentation and crack control. The dynamic results show that high strength concrete beams reinforced with high-strength steel are able to resist higher blast loads and reduce displacements when compared to companion beams with conventional steel reinforcement. The results also demonstrate that the addition of steel fibres is effective in controlling crack formation, minimizing secondary blast fragments, reducing displacements and further increasing overall blast capacity. However, the use of high-strength steel and high-strength concrete also shows potential for brittle failures under extreme blast pressures. The static results show that specimens with high-strength steel bars do not increase beam stiffness, but significantly increase peak load carrying capacity when compared to beams with the same ratio of conventional steel reinforcement. The analytical research program aims at predicting the response of the test beams using dynamic inelastic single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) analysis and includes a sensitivity analysis examining the effect of various modelling parameters on the response predictions. Overall the analytical results demonstrate that SDOF analysis can be used to predict the blast response of beams built with high-strength concrete and steel reinforcement with acceptable accuracy.
High Performance High Strength Concrete
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Author : Balamuthu Vijaya Rangan
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1998
High Performance High Strength Concrete written by Balamuthu Vijaya Rangan and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998 with Concrete construction categories.
Use Of Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete For Blast Resistant Design
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Author : Deidra Kalman
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010
Use Of Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete For Blast Resistant Design written by Deidra Kalman and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with categories.
Reinforced concrete is a common building material used for blast resistant design. Adding fibers to reinforced concrete enhances the durability and ductility of concrete. This report examines how adding steel fibers to reinforced concrete for blast resistant design is advantageous. An overview of the behavior of blasts and goals of blast resistant design, and advantages of reinforced concrete in blast-resistant design, which include mass and the flexibility in detailing, are included in the blast resistant design section. The common uses for fiber-reinforced concrete, fiber types, and properties of fiber reinforced concrete varying with fiber type and length, and concrete strength are discussed in the fiber-reinforced concrete section. Two studies, Very High-Strength Concrete for Use in Blast-and-Penetration Resistant Structures and Blast Testing of Ultra-High Performance Fiber and FRP-Retrofitted Concrete Slabs, are reviewed. Lastly, the cost, mixing and corrosion limitations of using steel fiber-reinforced concrete are discussed. Reinforced concrete has been shown to be a desirable material choice for blast resistant design. The first step to designing a blast resistant reinforced concrete structure is to implement proper detailing to ensure that structural failures will be contained in a way that preserves as many lives as possible. To design for the preservation of lives, a list of priorities must be met. Preventing the building from collapse is the first of these priorities. Adding steel fibers to concrete has been shown to enhance the concrete's post-crack behavior, which correlates to this priority. The second priority is reducing flying debris from a blast. Studies have shown that the failure mechanisms of steel fiber reinforced concrete aid in reducing flying debris when compared to conventional reinforced concrete exposed to blast loading. The major design considerations in designing steel fiber reinforced concrete for blast resistant design include: the strength level of the concrete with fiber addition, fiber volume, and fiber shape. As research on this topic progresses, the understanding of these factors and how they affect the strength characteristics of the concrete will increase, and acceptance into the structural design industry through model building codes may be possible.
Performance Of Ultra High Performance Fiber Reinforced Concrete Columns Under Blast Loading
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Author : Frederic Dagenais
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Performance Of Ultra High Performance Fiber Reinforced Concrete Columns Under Blast Loading written by Frederic Dagenais and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.
Effect Of High Performance Concrete And Steel Materials On The Blast Performance Of Reinforced Concrete One Way Slabs
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Author : Christian Melançon
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Effect Of High Performance Concrete And Steel Materials On The Blast Performance Of Reinforced Concrete One Way Slabs written by Christian Melançon and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.
Performance Of Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete Beams Under Shock Tube Induced Blast Loading
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Author : Steve Castonguay
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2017
Performance Of Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete Beams Under Shock Tube Induced Blast Loading written by Steve Castonguay and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with categories.
This thesis focuses on the dynamic and static behavior of steel fiber-reinforced concrete (SRFC) beams. As part of this study a total of eighteen (18) beams are tested, including fourteen (14) SFRC beams, and a companion set of four (4) beams built without fibers. Seven (7) of the beams are tested under quasi-static (slowly applied) loading with the remaining eleven (11) beams tested under simulated blast loading using the University of Ottawa shock-tube. The variables considered in this study include: concrete type (SFRC vs. conventional concrete), fiber content, fiber type, as well as the effect of transverse reinforcement. The criteria used to evaluate the blast performance of the beams includes: overall blast capacity, maximum and residual mid-span displacement, secondary fragmentation and damage control. Static results confirm the beneficial effect of fibers on improving the shear and flexural capacity of beams. Dynamic results show that use of steel fibers at a sufficient content can increase shear capacity and effectively replace transverse reinforcement in beams tested under blast loads. The results also show that increasing fiber content can improve the blast response of the beams by reducing maximum and residual mid-span displacement, improving damage tolerance and minimizing secondary blast fragments. However, at high fiber contents, problems with workability of the concrete mix can occur, resulting in a reduction of improvements when compared to SFRC specimens with lower fiber content. The analytical research program aimed at predicting the response of the test beams using dynamic inelastic single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) analysis. Overall the analytical results demonstrate that SDOF analysis can be used to predict the blast response of beams built with SFRC.