Effects Of Protein And Energy Intakes On Body Composition And Thermogenesis
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Effects Of Protein And Energy Intakes On Body Composition And Thermogenesis
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Author : M. Lotfi
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1978
Effects Of Protein And Energy Intakes On Body Composition And Thermogenesis written by M. Lotfi and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1978 with categories.
Effects Of Protein And Energy Intake On Body Composition And Thermogenesis
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Author : M. Lotfi
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1978
Effects Of Protein And Energy Intake On Body Composition And Thermogenesis written by M. Lotfi and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1978 with Liver categories.
Protein Energy Interactions
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Author : International Dietary Energy Consultancy Group
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1992
Protein Energy Interactions written by International Dietary Energy Consultancy Group and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1992 with Energy metabolism categories.
Effects Of Dietary Protein Intake And Resistance Training On Protein And Energy Metabolism And Body Composition In Older Men And Women
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Author : Wayne Winfield Campbell
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1993
Effects Of Dietary Protein Intake And Resistance Training On Protein And Energy Metabolism And Body Composition In Older Men And Women written by Wayne Winfield Campbell and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993 with Bodybuilding for older people categories.
Diet And Health
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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 1989-01-01
Diet And Health written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1989-01-01 with Medical categories.
Diet and Health examines the many complex issues concerning diet and its role in increasing or decreasing the risk of chronic disease. It proposes dietary recommendations for reducing the risk of the major diseases and causes of death today: atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (including heart attack and stroke), cancer, high blood pressure, obesity, osteoporosis, diabetes mellitus, liver disease, and dental caries.
Influence Of Dietary Protein Concentration On The Utilization Of Energy For Fat And Lean Gains
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Author : Timothy Jon Riordan
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1977
Influence Of Dietary Protein Concentration On The Utilization Of Energy For Fat And Lean Gains written by Timothy Jon Riordan and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1977 with categories.
Energy Intake And Activity
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Author : Ernesto Pollitt
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1984
Energy Intake And Activity written by Ernesto Pollitt and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1984 with Medical categories.
Abstract: A collection of 18 authorative review papers, taken from a series of related workshops, addresses various aspects of the association of energy intake with physical activity. The papers are organized among 5 general topic areas, including energy balance studies concerning the association of inappropriate energy intakes with adaptation and reproductive competence of populations; methodological issues concerning energy balance studies and data in both adults and children; the effects of reduced energy intake on agricultural productivity, activity and metabolism, motor development, and sleep; and microeconomic and other consequences and policy implications of reduced activity and energy intake deficiencies.
Protein Intake Body Composition And Athletic Performance
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Author : Jennifer A. Case
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010
Protein Intake Body Composition And Athletic Performance written by Jennifer A. Case and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with categories.
Background: Mixed Martial Arts (MMA) is a growing sport that places competitors into specific weight classes to level the competition field. Athletes "cut weight" to compete in a weight class lower than their "walk around" weight. Techniques for cutting weight include dehydration, starvation and exercise in hot environments jeopardizing health and performance. Higher-protein diets (HPD) have been shown to improve weight loss by increasing satiety, thermogenesis, decreasing total energy intake, and maintain lean mass during periods of energy deficiency, such as weight loss. Research regarding the impact of HPD on performance is limited and conflicting. Specific Aims: The central hypothesis for this study was: HPD diets will elicit greater weight loss and enhance body composition compare to tradition low-fat diets in non-obese, active individuals. The three specific aims of this study are: 1) examine the effects of HPD on weight loss, 2) evaluate the impact of HPD of athletic performance, and 3) determine the effectiveness of HPD for accelerated weight loss. Methods: Military personnel participating in the Combatives program were recruited. Participants were assigned a HPD (40% CHO, 30% PRO, 30% fat), traditional low-fat, high-carbohydrate diet (65% CHO, 15% PRO, 20% fat), or an ad libitum diet for 12-day to 6-weeks depending on their training program. Fields tests for pre- and post-intervention measures of performance included: vertical jump and leg power index to measure explosive power, 600 meter shuttle run for anaerobic capacity and 1.5 mile run for aerobic capacity. Pre- and post-intervention of weight and body composition were determined using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry. Diet analysis software was used to determine nutrient intakes during the study. SPSS statistical software was used to determine descriptive statistics, paired t-tests, Pearson's Correlations and one-way ANOVA. Results & Conclusions: Due to the unanticipated high rate of dropout, statistical significance was difficult to determine, however, there was a trend for the HPD to elicit fat-free mass retention and it not negatively impact performance. Discrepancies in energy and nutrient intake made dietary comparison difficult. Future studies with larger samples and greater dietary control are needed to further evaluate the research goals of this study.
Weight Management
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Author : Institute of Medicine
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2003-12-01
Weight Management written by Institute of Medicine and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-12-01 with Medical categories.
The primary purpose of fitness and body composition standards in the U.S. Armed Forces has always been to select individuals best suited to the physical demands of military service, based on the assumption that proper body weight and composition supports good health, physical fitness, and appropriate military appearance. The current epidemic of overweight and obesity in the United States affects the military services. The pool of available recruits is reduced because of failure to meet body composition standards for entry into the services and a high percentage of individuals exceeding military weight-for-height standards at the time of entry into the service leave the military before completing their term of enlistment. To aid in developing strategies for prevention and remediation of overweight in military personnel, the U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command requested the Committee on Military Nutrition Research to review the scientific evidence for: factors that influence body weight, optimal components of a weight loss and weight maintenance program, and the role of gender, age, and ethnicity in weight management.
Effects Of A Higher Protein Weight Loss Diet On Body Composition Metabolic Disease Risk And Physical Function In Postmenopausal Women
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Author : Mina C. Mojtahedi
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010
Effects Of A Higher Protein Weight Loss Diet On Body Composition Metabolic Disease Risk And Physical Function In Postmenopausal Women written by Mina C. Mojtahedi and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with categories.
Adverse increases in adiposity and reductions in lean soft tissue (LST) are age related changes in body composition and are linked to an increased risk for metabolic disease and declines in physical function in older women. Higher protein intake under caloric reduced conditions eliciting weight loss may augment fat mass (FM) loss, which can reduce metabolic disease risk; and attenuate LST loss, which may benefit physical function. This study assessed effects of 6 mo weight loss supplemented with powdered protein or placebo on body composition, metabolic disease risk factors and physical function in older obese women. Twenty-six women (64.7±5.8 yrs, BMI 32.5±4.1 kg/m2) were prescribed an energy-restricted diet (1400 kcal/d) and randomly assigned to PRO (n=13; 0.8 g/kg/d of dietary protein plus 45g/d of whey protein isolate supplement, resulting in ~30% of energy intake from protein, 40% of energy from carbohydrate and 30% of energy from fat) or CARB (n=13; 0.8 g/kg/d protein plus 50 g/d of an isocaloric maltodextrin supplement, resulting in ~18% of energy from protein, 52% of energy from carbohydrate and 30% of energy from fat) supplementation. Healthy eating based on the USDA My Pyramid diet education classes were taught by a registered dietitian every 2 weeks. Supervised exercise classes, consisting of flexibility and low to moderate intensity walking on an indoor track, were provided 5 d/wk, of which participants were required to attend 2-3 exercise classes/wk. The main outcome measures included the following: whole body FM and LST with DXA; thigh muscle volume, subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT) with MRI; glucose, insulin, C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) from fasting blood samples; knee extension and flexion strength with isokinetic and isometric dynamometry; balance using the Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT); and physical performance assessed from up and go, chair stand, stair climb and transfer tests. Three-day weighed food diaries were collected at baseline, month 3 and post-intervention, and 7-day pedometer step counts were measured monthly. PRO trended towards greater weight loss (-8.0±6.2%, -4.1±3.6%; p=0.059), had greater reductions in abdominal FM (-14.8±15.0%, -4.1±8.1%; p=0.037) but no significant differences in losses of FM (-15.4±17.8%, -6.1±5.4%; p=0.091), greater reductions in SAT (-18.8±13.5, -7.9±6.9; p=0.024) and IMAT (-9.2±9.4, -1.0±7.7; p=0.028) but no difference in IMAT relative to muscle volume (4.7±5.8, 4.3±8.6; p=0.883) compared to CARB, respectively. No differences were seen in LST changes (-4.0±4.9%, -2.0±4.1%; p=0.414), but PRO had a greater improvement in weight to leg LST ratio (-4.6±3.6, -1.8±2.6; p=0.033), greater reductions in absolute thigh muscle volume (-5.0±3.4, -0.8±3.9; p=0.010) and greater gains in relative thigh muscle volume (10.3±8.8%, 4.5±3.4; p=0.049) compared to CARB. Groups did not differ in changes in metabolic disease risk factors, knee strength, balance or physical performance measures. Change in SAT volume was an independent predictor of % change in CRP explaining 30% of the variance (p=0.021), and change in abdominal fat mass showed a trend towards independently predicting % change in CRP (p=0.057). Changes in weight to leg LST ratio predicted changes in up and go (adjusted r2=0.189, p=0.02); whereas whole body %LST predicted changes in balance (adjusted r2=0.179, p=0.04). Higher protein weight loss diet in older women contributes to more weight loss and optimal changes in body composition compared to a greater carbohydrate regimen. Protein intake does not appear to directly impact changes in metabolic risk factors or physical function; however, changes in abdominal fat and SAT reduce systemic inflammation, and preservation of LST with weight reduction improves balance and physical performance.