Ein Vergleich Der Sichtweisen Von Sextus Empiricus Und David Hume Im Bereich Des Aussenwelt Problems
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Ein Vergleich Der Sichtweisen Von Sextus Empiricus Und David Hume Im Bereich Des Aussenwelt Problems
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Author : Gerald Buttinger
language : de
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Release Date : 2004-07-14
Ein Vergleich Der Sichtweisen Von Sextus Empiricus Und David Hume Im Bereich Des Aussenwelt Problems written by Gerald Buttinger and has been published by GRIN Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-07-14 with Philosophy categories.
Studienarbeit aus dem Jahr 1998 im Fachbereich Philosophie - Theoretische (Erkenntnis, Wissenschaft, Logik, Sprache), Note: Sehr Gut, Universität Salzburg (Institut für Philosophie), Veranstaltung: Grundzüge der Erkenntnistheorie, Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: Unser Wissen über die Außenwelt war schon immer eine wichtige Frage bei vielen Philosophen von der Antike bis zur Neuzeit. Der common sense lehrt uns, daß wir alle gemeinsam in einer materiellen Welt leben, sie verändern können und sogar selbst ein Teil von ihr sind. Unsere Sinne liefern uns Bilder von dieser Außenwelt, und aus diesen Impressionen ziehen wir Schlüsse über materielle Dinge. Ohne Wahrnehmungen könnten wir nichts über die stofflichen Gegenstände wissen, die uns umgeben. Aber was is die Verbindung zwischen der Wahrnehmung und den materiellen Dingen? Was veranlaßt uns, an eine Außenwelt zu glauben? Die Beantwortung dieser Fragen hat viele Standpunkte hervorgebracht. Einige Philosophen waren beispielsweise der Meinung, daß es zwar materielle Dinge, aber keine Wahrnehmung gibt, wenn nämlich keine lebenden Dinge existieren, die etwas wahrnehmen könnten. Ein anderer extremer Standpunkt ist, wenn angenommen wird, daß es zwar eine Wahrnehmung, aber keine Körper gibt. Ein besonders radikaler und deshalb auch umstrittener Standpunkt ist der der pyrrhonischen Skepsis. Um 300 v. Chr. von Pyrrhon von Elis begründet, fand diese philosophische Strömung schon in der Antike viele Anhänger. Stark geprägt und systematisiert wurde der Pyrrhonismus durch Sextus Empiricus (200-250 n. Chr.), der mit seinem Werk „Grundriß der pyrrhonischen Skepsis“ den Standpunkt der Skeptiker präzise formulierte und darstellte. Im Mittelalter und in der Neuzeit fand die pyrrhonische Skepsis vor allem durch David Hume (1711-76 n. Chr.) ihren Fortbestand, der in seinem Haupwerk „Traktat über die menschliche Natur“ ähnliche Bereiche behandelt wie Sextus Empiricus. Es stellt sich nun die Frage, welche wesentlichen Unterschiede und Gemeinsamkeiten in den Sichtweisen der beiden Skeptiker vorherrschen, und wie sie an das Problem der Außenwelt herangehen und zu lösen versuchen.
Outlines Of Pyrrhonism
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Author : Sextus Empiricus
language : en
Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield
Release Date : 2023-11-14
Outlines Of Pyrrhonism written by Sextus Empiricus and has been published by Rowman & Littlefield this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-11-14 with Philosophy categories.
Throughout history philosophers have sought to define, understand, and delineate concepts important to human well-being. One such concept is "knowledge." Many philosophers believed that absolute, certain knowledge, is possible—that the physical world and ideas formulated about it could be given solid foundation unaffected by the varieties of mere opinion.Sextus Empiricus stands as an example of the "skeptic" school of thought whose members believed that knowledge was either unattainable or, if a genuine possibility, the conditions necessary to achieve it were next to impossible to satisfy. In other words, in the absence of complete knowledge, one must make do with the information provided by an imperfect world and conveyed to the mind through sense impressions that can often deceive us. Throughout his life Sextus Empiricus entered into intellectual combat with those who confidently claimed to possess indubitable knowledge. For skeptics, the best one can hope to achieve is a reasonable suspension of judgment—remaining ever mindful that claims to knowledge require careful scrutiny, thoughtful analysis, and critical review if we are to prevent ourselves and others from plunging headlong into mistaken notions.
The Immortality Of The Soul So Farre Forth As It Is Demonstrable From The Knowledge Of Nature And The Light Of Reason
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Author : Henry More
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1659
The Immortality Of The Soul So Farre Forth As It Is Demonstrable From The Knowledge Of Nature And The Light Of Reason written by Henry More and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1659 with Immortality categories.
Heinz Von Foerster 1911 2002
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Author : Soren Brier
language : en
Publisher: Imprint Academic
Release Date : 2004
Heinz Von Foerster 1911 2002 written by Soren Brier and has been published by Imprint Academic this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Computers categories.
Dedicated to the life and work of Heinz Von Foerster, this is a double issue of the journal "Cybernetics and Human Knowing".
The Construction Of Knowledge
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Author : Ernest Von Glasersfeld
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1987
The Construction Of Knowledge written by Ernest Von Glasersfeld and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1987 with Business & Economics categories.
Thales
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Author : Georg Wöhrle
language : en
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Release Date : 2014-10-29
Thales written by Georg Wöhrle and has been published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-10-29 with Philosophy categories.
In accordance with the purpose of the series Traditio Praesocratica, the present volume, the first in the series, contains the most complete collection ever assembled of the documentary evidence on Thales of Miletus. Approximately 600 texts, dating from the sixth century BCE to the fourteenth century CE, are presented in chronological order, both in the original language (Greek, Latin, Arabic and Persian) and in a facing English translation. The original-language texts are reprinted (with corrections) from Georg Wöhrle's edition (2009). Several texts discovered since the publication of the 2009 edition are included. The English translations were made by Richard McKirahan from the original texts. Differences between the German and the English translations are noted. An index of names and extensive glossaries and word indexes of the texts and translations are provided.
Unmodern Philosophy And Modern Philosophy
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Author : John Dewey
language : en
Publisher: SIU Press
Release Date : 2012-05-16
Unmodern Philosophy And Modern Philosophy written by John Dewey and has been published by SIU Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-05-16 with Philosophy categories.
800x600Normal0falsefalsefalseEN-USX-NONEX-NONEMicrosoftInternetExplorer4 In 1947 America’s premier philosopher, educator, and public intellectual John Dewey purportedly lost his last manuscript on modern philosophy in the back of a taxicab. Now, sixty-five years later, Dewey’s fresh and unpretentious take on the history and theory of knowledge is finally available. Editor Phillip Deen has taken on the task of editing Dewey’s unfinished work, carefully compiling the fragments and multiple drafts of each chapter that he discovered in the folders of the Dewey Papers at the Special Collections Research Center at Southern Illinois University Carbondale. He has used Dewey’s last known outline for the manuscript, aiming to create a finished product that faithfully represents Dewey’s original intent. An introduction and editor’s notes by Deen and a foreword by Larry A. Hickman, director of the Center for Dewey Studies, frame this previously lost work. In Unmodern Philosophy and Modern Philosophy, Dewey argues that modern philosophy is anything but; instead, it retains the baggage of outdated and misguided philosophical traditions and dualisms carried forward from Greek and medieval traditions. Drawing on cultural anthropology, Dewey moves past the philosophical themes of the past, instead proposing a functional model of humanity as emotional, inquiring, purposive organisms embedded in a natural and cultural environment. Dewey begins by tracing the problematic history of philosophy, demonstrating how, from the time of the Greeks to the Empiricists and Rationalists, the subject has been mired in the search for immutable absolutes outside human experience and has relied on dualisms between mind and body, theory and practice, and the material and the ideal, ultimately dividing humanity from nature. The result, he posits, is the epistemological problem of how it is possible to have knowledge at all. In the second half of the volume, Dewey roots philosophy in the conflicting beliefs and cultural tensions of the human condition, maintaining that these issues are much more pertinent to philosophy and knowledge than the sharp dichotomies of the past and abstract questions of the body and mind. Ultimately, Dewey argues that the mind is not separate from the world, criticizes the denigration of practice in the name of theory, addresses the dualism between matter and ideals, and questions why the human and the natural were ever separated in philosophy. The result is a deeper understanding of the relationship among the scientific, the moral, and the aesthetic. More than just historically significant in its rediscovery, Unmodern Philosophy and Modern Philosophy provides an intriguing critique of the history of modern thought and a positive account of John Dewey’s naturalized theory of knowing. This volume marks a significant contribution to the history of American thought and finally resolves one of the mysteries of pragmatic philosophy.
Ignorance
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Author : Peter Unger
language : en
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Release Date : 1978-01-04
Ignorance written by Peter Unger and has been published by OUP Oxford this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1978-01-04 with Philosophy categories.
In this controversial volume (originally published in 1975) Peter Unger suggests that, not only can nothing ever be known, but no one can ever have a reason at all for anything. A consequence of this is that we cannot have any realistic emotional ties: it can never be conclusively said that someone is happy or sad about anything. Finally he argues that no one can ever say, let alone believe, that anything is the case. In order to get beyond this apparent bind - and this condition of ignorance - Unger proposes a radical departure from the linguistic and epistemological systems we have become accustomed to. Epistemologists, as well as philosophers of mind and language will undoubtedly find in this study of the limitations of language an invaluable philosophical perspective.
Post Foundational Political Thought
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Author : Oliver Marchart
language : en
Publisher: Edinburgh University Press
Release Date : 2007-07-06
Post Foundational Political Thought written by Oliver Marchart and has been published by Edinburgh University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-07-06 with Political Science categories.
A wide-ranging overview of the emergence of post-foundationalism and a survey of the work of its key contemporary exponents.This book presents the first systematic coverage of the conceptual difference between 'politics' (the practice of conventional politics: the political system or political forms of action) and 'the political' (a much more radical aspect which cannot be restricted to the realms of institutional politics). It is also the first introductory overview of post-foundationalism and the tradition of 'left Heideggerianism': the political thought of contemporary theorists who make frequent use of the idea of political difference: Jean-Luc Nancy, Claude Lefort, Alain Badiou and Ernesto Laclau. After an overview of current trends in social post-foundationalism and a genealogical chapter on the historical emergence of the difference between the concepts of 'politics' and 'the political', the work of individual theorists is presented and discussed at length. Individual chapters are presented
The Six Great Themes Of Western Metaphysics And The End Of The Middle Ages
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Author : Heinz Heimsoeth
language : en
Publisher: Wayne State University Press
Release Date : 1994
The Six Great Themes Of Western Metaphysics And The End Of The Middle Ages written by Heinz Heimsoeth and has been published by Wayne State University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994 with Philosophy categories.
Heimsoeth enters boldly into the historical drama of Western philosophical thought at its deepest level and tells a story focused not so much on actors as on the plot itself: the great metaphysical questions about philosophy and life.