Electron Diffraction And High Resolution Electron Microscopy Of Mineral Structures
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Electron Diffraction And High Resolution Electron Microscopy Of Mineral Structures
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Author : Victor A. Drits
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Electron Diffraction And High Resolution Electron Microscopy Of Mineral Structures written by Victor A. Drits and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
The decision of Springer-Verlag to publish this book in English came as a pleasant surprise. The fact is that I started writing the first version of the book back in 1978. I wished to attract attention to potentialities inherent in selected-area electron diffraction (SAED) which, for various reasons, were not being put to use. By that time, I had at my disposal certain structural data on natural and synthetic minerals obtained using SAED and high-resolution electron microscopy (HREM), and this stimulated my writing this book. There were several aspects concerning these data that I wished to emphasize. First, it was mostly new and understudied minerals that possess the peculiar structural features studied by SAED and HREM. This could interest mineralogists, crystallo chemists, and crystallographers. Second, the results obtained indi cated that, under certain conditions, SAED could be an effective, and sometimes the only possible, method for structure analysis of minerals. This inference was of primary importance, since fine dispersion and poor crystallinity of numerous natural and synthe tic minerals makes their structure study by conventional diffrac tion methods hardly possible. Third, it was demonstrated that in many cases X-ray powder diffraction analysis of dispersed miner als ought to be combined with SAED and local energy dispersion analysis. This was important, since researchers in structural min eralogy quite often ignored, and still ignore even the simplest in formation which is readily available from geometrical analysis of SAED patterns obtained from microcrystals.
Electron Diffraction And High Resolution Electron Microscopy Of Mineral Structures
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Author : Victor A Drits
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1987-07-08
Electron Diffraction And High Resolution Electron Microscopy Of Mineral Structures written by Victor A Drits and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1987-07-08 with categories.
Electron Diffraction And High Resolution Electron Microscopy Of Mineral Structures
DOWNLOAD
Author : Victor A. Drits
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 1987-07-08
Electron Diffraction And High Resolution Electron Microscopy Of Mineral Structures written by Victor A. Drits and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1987-07-08 with Science categories.
The decision of Springer-Verlag to publish this book in English came as a pleasant surprise. The fact is that I started writing the first version of the book back in 1978. I wished to attract attention to potentialities inherent in selected-area electron diffraction (SAED) which, for various reasons, were not being put to use. By that time, I had at my disposal certain structural data on natural and synthetic minerals obtained using SAED and high-resolution electron microscopy (HREM), and this stimulated my writing this book. There were several aspects concerning these data that I wished to emphasize. First, it was mostly new and understudied minerals that possess the peculiar structural features studied by SAED and HREM. This could interest mineralogists, crystallo chemists, and crystallographers. Second, the results obtained indi cated that, under certain conditions, SAED could be an effective, and sometimes the only possible, method for structure analysis of minerals. This inference was of primary importance, since fine dispersion and poor crystallinity of numerous natural and synthe tic minerals makes their structure study by conventional diffrac tion methods hardly possible. Third, it was demonstrated that in many cases X-ray powder diffraction analysis of dispersed miner als ought to be combined with SAED and local energy dispersion analysis. This was important, since researchers in structural min eralogy quite often ignored, and still ignore even the simplest in formation which is readily available from geometrical analysis of SAED patterns obtained from microcrystals.
Electron Crystallography
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Author : D. Dorset
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-04-17
Electron Crystallography written by D. Dorset and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-04-17 with Science categories.
The re-emergent field of quantitative electron crystallography is described by some of its most eminent practitioners. They describe the theoretical framework for electron scattering, specimen preparation, experimental techniques for optimum data collection, the methodology of structure analysis and refinement, and a range of applications to inorganic materials (including minerals), linear polymers, small organic molecules (including those used in nonlinear optical devices), incommensurately modulated structures (including superconductors), alloys, and integral membrane proteins. The connection between electron crystallography and X-ray crystallography is clearly defined, especially in the utilisation of the latest methods for direct determination of crystallographic phases, as well as the unique role of image analysis of high-resolution electron micrographs for phase determination. Even the aspect of multiple beam dynamic diffraction (once dreaded because it was thought to preclude ab initio analysis) is considered as a beneficial aid for symmetry determination as well as the elucidation of crystallographic phases, and as a criterion for monitoring the progress of structure refinement. Whereas other texts have hitherto preferentially dealt with the analysis of electron diffraction and image data from thin organic materials, this work discusses - with considerable optimism - the prospects of looking at `harder' materials, composed of heavier atoms. Audience: Could be used with profit as a graduate-level course on electron crystallography. Researchers in the area will find a statement of current progress in the field.
Minerals And Reactions At The Atomic Scale
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Author : Peter R. Buseck
language : en
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Release Date : 2018-12-17
Minerals And Reactions At The Atomic Scale written by Peter R. Buseck and has been published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-12-17 with Science categories.
Volume 27 of Reviews in Mineralogy provides a background to the TEM as a mineralogical tool, to give an introduction to the principles underlying its operation, and to explore mineralogical applications and ways in which electron microscopy can augment our knowledge of mineral structures, chemistry, and origin. Much time will be devoted to mineralogical applications. It provides sufficient information to allow mineralogists and petrologists to have an informed understanding of the data produced by transmission electron microscopy and to have enough knowledge and experience to undertake initial studies on their own. The opening chapters cover the principles of electron microscopy and chemical analysis using the TEM; while the following chapters consider mineralogical, petrological, and geochemical applications and their implications, for both low- and high-temperature geological environments. The Mineralogical Society of America sponsored a short courses in conjunction with their annual meetings with the Geological Society of America, and this volume represents the proceedings of the eighteenth in the sequence. This TEM course was convened October 23-25, 1992, at Hueston Woods State Park, College Comer, Ohio.
Modular Aspects Of Minerals
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Author : Stefano Merlino
language : en
Publisher: The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland
Release Date : 1997-01-01
Modular Aspects Of Minerals written by Stefano Merlino and has been published by The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997-01-01 with Science categories.
Crystal Structures Of Clay Minerals And Their X Ray Identification
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Author : G. Brown
language : en
Publisher: The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland
Release Date : 1982-06-01
Crystal Structures Of Clay Minerals And Their X Ray Identification written by G. Brown and has been published by The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1982-06-01 with Science categories.
Structures of layer silicates; order-disorder in clay mineral structures; interlayer and intercalation complexes of clay minerals; interstratified clay minerals; X-ray diffraction procedures for clay mineral identification; associated minerals; quantitative X-ray mineral analysis of clays; appendix: tables for the determination of d in Å from 20 for the Ka and Kb radiations of copper, cobalt and iron.
Advanced Mineralogy
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Author : A. S. Marfunin
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Advanced Mineralogy written by A. S. Marfunin and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
All existing introductory reviews of mineralogy are written accord ing to the same algorithm, sometimes called the "Dana System of Mineralogy". Even modern advanced handbooks, which are cer tainly necessary, include basic data on minerals and are essentially descriptive. When basic information on the chemistry, structure, optical and physical properties, distinguished features and para genesis of 200-400 minerals is presented, then there is practically no further space available to include new ideas and concepts based on recent mineral studies. A possible solution to this dilemma would be to present a book beginning where introductory textbooks end for those already famil iar with the elementary concepts. Such a volume would be tailored to specialists in all fields of science and industry, interested in the most recent results in mineralogy. This approach may be called Advanced Mineralogy. Here, an attempt has been made to survey the current possibilities and aims in mineral matterinvestigations, including the main characteristics of all the methods, the most important problems and topics of mineral ogy, and related studies. The individual volumes are composed of short, condensed chap ters. Each chapter presents in a complete, albeit condensed, form specific problems, methods, theories, and directions of investigations, and estimates their importance and strategic position in science and industry.
Methods And Instrumentations Results And Recent Developments
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Author : Arnold S. Marfunin
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-03-09
Methods And Instrumentations Results And Recent Developments written by Arnold S. Marfunin and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-03-09 with Science categories.
All existing introductory reviews of mineralogy are written accord ing to the same algorithm, sometimes called the "Dana System of Mineralogy". Even modern advanced handbooks, which are cer tainly necessary, include basic data on minerals and are essentially descriptive. When basic information on the chemistry, structure, optical and physical properties, distinguished features and para genesis of 200-400 minerals is presented, then there is practically no further space available to include new ideas and concepts based on recent mineral studies. A possible solution to this dilemma would be to present a book beginning where introductory textbooks end for those already famil iar with the elementary concepts. Such a volume would be tailored to specialists in all fields of science and industry, interested in the most recent results in mineralogy. This approach may be called Advanced Mineralogy. Here, an attempt has been made to survey the current possibilities and aims in mineral mater investigations, including the main characteristics of all the methods, the most important problems and topics of mineralogy, and related studies. The individual volumes are composed of short, condensed chap ters. Each chapter presents in a complete, albeit condensed, form specific problems, methods, theories, and directions of investigations, and estimates their importance and strategic position in science and industry.
Molecular Modeling And Prediction Of Bioactivity
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Author : Klaus Gundertofte
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Molecular Modeling And Prediction Of Bioactivity written by Klaus Gundertofte and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
Much of chemistry, molecular biology, and drug design, are centered around the relationships between chemical structure and measured properties of compounds and polymers, such as viscosity, acidity, solubility, toxicity, enzyme binding, and membrane penetration. For any set of compounds, these relationships are by necessity complicated, particularly when the properties are of biological nature. To investigate and utilize such complicated relationships, henceforth abbreviated SAR for structure-activity relationships, and QSAR for quantitative SAR, we need a description of the variation in chemical structure of relevant compounds and biological targets, good measures of the biological properties, and, of course, an ability to synthesize compounds of interest. In addition, we need reasonable ways to construct and express the relationships, i. e. , mathematical or other models, as well as ways to select the compounds to be investigated so that the resulting QSAR indeed is informative and useful for the stated purposes. In the present context, these purposes typically are the conceptual understanding of the SAR, and the ability to propose new compounds with improved property profiles. Here we discuss the two latter parts of the SARlQSAR problem, i. e. , reasonable ways to model the relationships, and how to select compounds to make the models as "good" as possible. The second is often called the problem of statistical experimental design, which in the present context we call statistical molecular design, SMD. 1.