Elements Of Finite Model Theory
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Elements Of Finite Model Theory
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Author : Leonid Libkin
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-03-09
Elements Of Finite Model Theory written by Leonid Libkin and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-03-09 with Mathematics categories.
Finite model theory is an area of mathematical logic that grew out of computer science applications. The main sources of motivational examples for finite model theory are found in database theory, computational complexity, and formal languages, although in recent years connections with other areas, such as formal methods and verification, and artificial intelligence, have been discovered. The birth of finite model theory is often identified with Trakhtenbrot's result from 1950 stating that validity over finite models is not recursively enumerable; in other words, completeness fails over finite models. The tech nique of the proof, based on encoding Turing machine computations as finite structures, was reused by Fagin almost a quarter century later to prove his cel ebrated result that put the equality sign between the class NP and existential second-order logic, thereby providing a machine-independent characterization of an important complexity class. In 1982, Immerman and Vardi showed that over ordered structures, a fixed point extension of first-order logic captures the complexity class PTIME of polynomial time computable propertiE~s. Shortly thereafter, logical characterizations of other important complexity classes were obtained. This line of work is often referred to as descriptive complexity. A different line of finite model theory research is associated with the de velopment of relational databases. By the late 1970s, the relational database model had replaced others, and all the basic query languages for it were es sentially first-order predicate calculus or its minor extensions.
Elements Of Finite Model Theory
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Author : Leonid Libkin
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2004-07-02
Elements Of Finite Model Theory written by Leonid Libkin and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-07-02 with Mathematics categories.
Emphasizes the computer science aspects of the subject. Details applications in databases, complexity theory, and formal languages, as well as other branches of computer science.
Finite Model Theory
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Author : Heinz-Dieter Ebbinghaus
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2005-12-29
Finite Model Theory written by Heinz-Dieter Ebbinghaus and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-12-29 with Mathematics categories.
Finite model theory, the model theory of finite structures, has roots in clas sical model theory; however, its systematic development was strongly influ enced by research and questions of complexity theory and of database theory. Model theory or the theory of models, as it was first named by Tarski in 1954, may be considered as the part of the semantics of formalized languages that is concerned with the interplay between the syntactic structure of an axiom system on the one hand and (algebraic, settheoretic, . . . ) properties of its models on the other hand. As it turned out, first-order language (we mostly speak of first-order logic) became the most prominent language in this respect, the reason being that it obeys some fundamental principles such as the compactness theorem and the completeness theorem. These principles are valuable modeltheoretic tools and, at the same time, reflect the expressive weakness of first-order logic. This weakness is the breeding ground for the freedomwhich modeltheoretic methods rest upon. By compactness, any first-order axiom system either has only finite models of limited cardinality or has infinite models. The first case is trivial because finitely many finite structures can explicitly be described by a first-order sentence. As model theory usually considers all models of an axiom system, modeltheorists were thus led to the second case, that is, to infinite structures. In fact, classical model theory of first-order logic and its generalizations to stronger languages live in the realm of the infinite.
Finite Model Theory And Its Applications
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Author : Erich Grädel
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2007-06-04
Finite Model Theory And Its Applications written by Erich Grädel and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-06-04 with Computers categories.
Finite model theory,as understoodhere, is an areaof mathematicallogic that has developed in close connection with applications to computer science, in particular the theory of computational complexity and database theory. One of the fundamental insights of mathematical logic is that our understanding of mathematical phenomena is enriched by elevating the languages we use to describe mathematical structures to objects of explicit study. If mathematics is the science of patterns, then the media through which we discern patterns, as well as the structures in which we discern them, command our attention. It isthis aspect oflogicwhichis mostprominentin model theory,“thebranchof mathematical logic which deals with the relation between a formal language and its interpretations”. No wonder, then, that mathematical logic, and ?nite model theory in particular, should ?nd manifold applications in computer science: from specifying programs to querying databases, computer science is rife with phenomena whose understanding requires close attention to the interaction between language and structure. This volume gives a broadoverviewof some central themes of ?nite model theory: expressive power, descriptive complexity, and zero–one laws, together with selected applications to database theory and arti?cial intelligence, es- cially constraint databases and constraint satisfaction problems. The ?nal chapter provides a concise modern introduction to modal logic,which emp- sizes the continuity in spirit and technique with ?nite model theory.
Finite Model Theory And Its Applications
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Author : Erich Grädel
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2007-04-24
Finite Model Theory And Its Applications written by Erich Grädel and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-04-24 with Computers categories.
Finite model theory,as understoodhere, is an areaof mathematicallogic that has developed in close connection with applications to computer science, in particular the theory of computational complexity and database theory. One of the fundamental insights of mathematical logic is that our understanding of mathematical phenomena is enriched by elevating the languages we use to describe mathematical structures to objects of explicit study. If mathematics is the science of patterns, then the media through which we discern patterns, as well as the structures in which we discern them, command our attention. It isthis aspect oflogicwhichis mostprominentin model theory,“thebranchof mathematical logic which deals with the relation between a formal language and its interpretations”. No wonder, then, that mathematical logic, and ?nite model theory in particular, should ?nd manifold applications in computer science: from specifying programs to querying databases, computer science is rife with phenomena whose understanding requires close attention to the interaction between language and structure. This volume gives a broadoverviewof some central themes of ?nite model theory: expressive power, descriptive complexity, and zero–one laws, together with selected applications to database theory and arti?cial intelligence, es- cially constraint databases and constraint satisfaction problems. The ?nal chapter provides a concise modern introduction to modal logic,which emp- sizes the continuity in spirit and technique with ?nite model theory.
Theory And Practice Of Finite Elements
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Author : Alexandre Ern
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2004-04-29
Theory And Practice Of Finite Elements written by Alexandre Ern and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-04-29 with Mathematics categories.
This text presenting the mathematical theory of finite elements is organized into three main sections. The first part develops the theoretical basis for the finite element methods, emphasizing inf-sup conditions over the more conventional Lax-Milgrim paradigm. The second and third parts address various applications and practical implementations of the method, respectively. It contains numerous examples and exercises.
Finite And Algorithmic Model Theory
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Author : Javier Esparza
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2011-03-10
Finite And Algorithmic Model Theory written by Javier Esparza and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-03-10 with Computers categories.
Surveys of current research in logical aspects of computer science that apply finite and infinite model-theoretic methods.
The Finite Element Method Theory Implementation And Applications
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Author : Mats G. Larson
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-01-13
The Finite Element Method Theory Implementation And Applications written by Mats G. Larson and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-01-13 with Computers categories.
This book gives an introduction to the finite element method as a general computational method for solving partial differential equations approximately. Our approach is mathematical in nature with a strong focus on the underlying mathematical principles, such as approximation properties of piecewise polynomial spaces, and variational formulations of partial differential equations, but with a minimum level of advanced mathematical machinery from functional analysis and partial differential equations. In principle, the material should be accessible to students with only knowledge of calculus of several variables, basic partial differential equations, and linear algebra, as the necessary concepts from more advanced analysis are introduced when needed. Throughout the text we emphasize implementation of the involved algorithms, and have therefore mixed mathematical theory with concrete computer code using the numerical software MATLAB is and its PDE-Toolbox. We have also had the ambition to cover some of the most important applications of finite elements and the basic finite element methods developed for those applications, including diffusion and transport phenomena, solid and fluid mechanics, and also electromagnetics.
Model Theory
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Author : Wilfrid Hodges
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2008-06-19
Model Theory written by Wilfrid Hodges and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-06-19 with Mathematics categories.
Professor Hodges emphasizes definability and methods of construction, and introduces the reader to advanced topics such as stability. He also provides the reader with much historical information and a full bibliography, enhancing the book's use as a reference.
Model Order Reduction Techniques With Applications In Finite Element Analysis
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Author : Zu-Qing Qu
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-03-14
Model Order Reduction Techniques With Applications In Finite Element Analysis written by Zu-Qing Qu and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-03-14 with Mathematics categories.
Despite the continued rapid advance in computing speed and memory the increase in the complexity of models used by engineers persists in outpacing them. Even where there is access to the latest hardware, simulations are often extremely computationally intensive and time-consuming when full-blown models are under consideration. The need to reduce the computational cost involved when dealing with high-order/many-degree-of-freedom models can be offset by adroit computation. In this light, model-reduction methods have become a major goal of simulation and modeling research. Model reduction can also ameliorate problems in the correlation of widely used finite-element analyses and test analysis models produced by excessive system complexity. Model Order Reduction Techniques explains and compares such methods focusing mainly on recent work in dynamic condensation techniques: - Compares the effectiveness of static, exact, dynamic, SEREP and iterative-dynamic condensation techniques in producing valid reduced-order models; - Shows how frequency shifting and the number of degrees of freedom affect the desirability and accuracy of using dynamic condensation; - Answers the challenges involved in dealing with undamped and non-classically damped models; - Requires little more than first-engineering-degree mathematics and highlights important points with instructive examples. Academics working in research on structural dynamics, MEMS, vibration, finite elements and other computational methods in mechanical, aerospace and structural engineering will find Model Order Reduction Techniques of great interest while it is also an excellent resource for researchers working on commercial finite-element-related software such as ANSYS and Nastran.