Elements Of Operational Design In The Planning For The Marianas Campaign In 1944
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Elements Of Operational Design In The Planning For The Marianas Campaign In 1944
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2009
Elements Of Operational Design In The Planning For The Marianas Campaign In 1944 written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with categories.
Operational art and the operational level of war became a doctrinal focus for the U.S. Army in the 1980s. This focus led to the development of the elements of operational design. These concepts are not new; they were developed during the interwar period prior to World War II at U.S. military staff and war colleges. During this time, however, the military did not recognize the operational level of war or operational art in its doctrine. Even though the concepts were not recognized, the intellectual process permeated the officer education system prior to World War II. Clearly, American officers used operational art during World War II. This monograph examines the extent to which planners within CENPAC used the elements of operational design in the Marianas Campaign, including end-state and objectives, effects, center(s) of gravity, decisive points, direct and indirect action, lines of operation, operational reach, simultaneity and depth, timing and tempo, leverage, balance, anticipation, culmination, and arranging operations. The implications of the study are that as current doctrine evolves, the development, education, and execution of operational concepts used during World War II continue to be useful.
Elements Of Operational Design In The Planning For The Marianas Campaign In 1944
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Author : Major Chas. J. Smith
language : en
Publisher: Pickle Partners Publishing
Release Date : 2015-11-06
Elements Of Operational Design In The Planning For The Marianas Campaign In 1944 written by Major Chas. J. Smith and has been published by Pickle Partners Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-11-06 with History categories.
Operational art and the operational level of war became a doctrinal focus for the U.S. Army in the 1980s. This focus led to the development of the elements of operational design. These concepts are not new, and were developed in the interwar period prior to World War II at the staff and war colleges. During this time, however, the military did not doctrinally recognize the operational level or war or operational art. Even though the concepts were not recognized, the intellectual process permeated the officer education system prior to World War II. Clearly, American officers in World War II used something of operational art, including in the planning and execution of the Marianas Campaign. This monograph looks at the question in more detail, by testing the extent to which planners within CENPAC used the elements of operational design in the Marianas Campaign, including end state and objectives, effects, center(s) of gravity, decisive points, direct and indirect action, lines of operation, operational reach, simultaneity and depth, timing and tempo, leverage, balance, anticipation, culmination, and arranging operations. The implication of this study is that as current doctrine evolves, the development, education, and execution of operational concepts in the World War II era continue to be useful.
Campaign In The Marianas
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Author : Philip A. Crowl
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016-04-06
Campaign In The Marianas written by Philip A. Crowl and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-04-06 with History categories.
In the capture of the southern Marianas, including the recapture of Guam, during the summer of 1944, Army ground and air forces played an important, though subordinate, role to that of the Navy and its Marine Corps. Marine personnel constituted the bulk of the combat troops employed. The objective of this campaign was -to secure control of sea communications through the Central Pacific by isolating and neutralizing the Carolines and by the establish-ment of sea and air bases for operations against Japanese sea routes and long-range air attacks against the Japanese home land.- Its success would pro-vide steppingstones from which the Americans could threaten further attack westward toward the Philippines, Formosa, and Japan itself, and would gain bases from which the Army Air Forces' new very long range bombers, the B-29's, could strike at Japan's heartland. Recognizing and accepting the chal-lenge, the Japanese Navy suffered heavy and irreplaceable losses in the accompanying Battle of the Philippine Sea; and the islands after capture became the base for all the massive air attacks on Japan, beginning in November 1944. In the operations described in the present volume, landings against strong opposition demonstrated the soundness of the amphibious doctrine and tech-niques evolved out of hard experience in preceding Pacific operations. Bitter inland fighting followed the landings, with Army and Marine Corps divisions engaged side by side. The author's account and corresponding Marine Corps histories of these operations provide ample opportunity to study the differences in the fighting techniques of the two services. Dr. Crowl also deals frankly with one of the best-known controversies of World War II, that of Smith versus Smith, but concludes that it was the exception to generally excellent interservice co-operation. With team effort among the military services the order of the day, this record of the Army's experience in working with the Navy and the Marine Corps should be particularly valuable both now and in the future.
Campaign In The Marianas
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Author : Philip Axtell Crowl
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1989
Campaign In The Marianas written by Philip Axtell Crowl and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1989 with World War, 1939-1945 categories.
Campaign In The Marianas
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Author : Phillip A. Crowl
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019-05-14
Campaign In The Marianas written by Phillip A. Crowl and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-05-14 with categories.
This volume describes the fight for the islands of Saipan, Tinian, and Guam in the Southern Marianas; the strategic and tactical plans leading thereto; supporting operations by naval and air units; and the final development and exploitation of these islands as bases for furtherance of American joint operations against the Japansese homeland. This volume is a companion piece to Seizure of the Gilberts and Marshalls by Philip A. Crowl and Edmund G. Love, also published in the Pacific subseries of the UNITED STATES ARMY IN WORLD WAR II. Together, the two volumes cover the beginning and climax (although not the conclusion) of the Central Pacific phase of the war against Japan, with special emphasis, of course, on the U.S. Army's contribution to the victories won in that area.1 Specifically, Campaign in the Marianas treats of the capture of Saipan, Tinian, and Guam in the southern Marianas; the strategic and tactical plans leading thereto; supporting operations by naval and air units; and the final development and exploitation of these islands as bases for furtherance of American joint operations against the Japanese homeland.The word joint cannot be overemphasized in connection with any consideration of U.S. operations in the Central Pacific. It was predominantly a U.S. Navy theater under the command of Admiral Chester W. Nimitz. The main burden of the amphibious and ground fighting in the Marianas, as in the Gilberts and Marshalls, fell on the shoulders of the U.S. Marine Corps, whose troops far outnumbered those of the U.S. Army. The author recognizes this and recognizes also that, by concentrating on the activities of the Army, this volume in a sense presents a distorted picture. The distortion is deliberate. The book represents, by definition, one segment of the history of the U.S. Army in World War II. Excellent official and semiofficial histories of U.S. Navy and U.S.Marine Corps operations in the Marianas have already been published. The present narrative of Army activities should add in some measure to what has already been written about the campaign. The reader may also gain additionalinsight into the nature of joint operations and interservice co-ordination.
Campaign In The Marianas
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1970
Campaign In The Marianas written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1970 with categories.
Operational Warfare At Sea
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Author : Milan Vego
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2008-10-27
Operational Warfare At Sea written by Milan Vego and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-10-27 with History categories.
This new volume provides a comprehensive analysis of both the theory and practice of operational warfare at sea. The book is unique in using diverse sources and examples to present a comprehensive topical description and analysis of the key components of operational warfare at sea today. It opens with a survey of the emergence of operational warfare at sea since the end of the Napoleonic Wars, going on describe and analyze the objectives of naval warfare at the operational level and methods of employment of naval forces for accomplishing these objectives. The book explains the specifics of operational functions in a maritime theatre, discusses the personality traits and professional education required for successful naval operational commanders, and explores naval operational command and control in both peacetime and war, closing with predictions for the future of operational warfare at sea. This book serves as a primer of how to plan, prepare and execute major naval operations and campaigns for naval commanders and their staffs, but will also be of interest to advanced students of naval history, strategic studies and military history in general.
The Assault On Peleliu
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Author : Frank O. Hough
language : en
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Release Date : 2016-08-05
The Assault On Peleliu written by Frank O. Hough and has been published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-08-05 with categories.
The Assault on Peleliu, first published in 1950, is a detailed recounting of the U.S. Marines' fierce battle for Peleliu, part of the Palau Islands in the south Pacific. Facing approx. 11,000 hardened, entrenched Japanese troops, the 1st Marine Division began landing operations on September 15, 1944. What followed were more than two months of bloody fighting resulting in heavy casualties before the island was declared secure in late November. Included are more than 90 photographs and maps.
Breaching The Marianas The Battle For Saipan
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Author : John C. Chapin
language : en
Publisher: DigiCat
Release Date : 2022-06-02
Breaching The Marianas The Battle For Saipan written by John C. Chapin and has been published by DigiCat this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-06-02 with History categories.
"Breaching the Marianas" by John C. Chapin is a book about the WWII campaigns and Marine Corps history. The book gives a detailed account of what happened on the Mariana Islands of Saipan during the war. Excerpt: "Breaching the Marianas: The Battle for Saipan by Captain John C. Chapin, USMCR (Ret) It was a brutal day. At first light on 15 June 1944, the Navy fire support ships of the task force lying off Saipan Island increased their previous days' preparatory fires involving all calibers of weapons. At 0542, Vice Admiral Richmond Kelly Turner ordered, "Land the landing force." Around 0700, the landing ships, tank (LSTs) moved to within approximately 1,250 yards behind the line of departure. Troops in the LSTs began debarking from them in landing vehicles, tracked (LVTs). Control vessels containing Navy and Marine personnel with their radio gear took their positions displaying flags indicating which beach approaches they controlled."
Sustaining The Carrier War
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Author : Stan Fisher
language : en
Publisher: Naval Institute Press
Release Date : 2023-03-15
Sustaining The Carrier War written by Stan Fisher and has been published by Naval Institute Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-03-15 with History categories.
The ability of the United States Navy to fight and win a protracted war in the Pacific was not solely the result of technology, tactics, or leadership. Naval aviation maintenance played a major role in the U.S. victory over Japan in the second World War. The naval war against Japan did not achieve sustained success until enough aircraft technicians were available to support the high tempo of aviation operations that fast carrier task force doctrine demanded. When the United States realized war was imminent and ordered a drastic increase in the size of its aviation fleet, the Navy was forced to reconsider its earlier practices and develop new policies in maintenance, supply, and technical training. Not only did a shortage of technicians plague the Navy, but the scarcity of aviation supply and repair facilities in the Pacific soon caused panic in Washington. While the surface Navy's modernization of at-sea replenishment was beneficial, it did not solve the problems of sustaining war-time aircraft readiness levels sufficient to a winning a naval air war. Fisher outlines the drastic institutional changes that accompanied an increase in aviation maintenance personnel from fewer than 10,000 to nearly 250,000 bluejackets, the complete restructuring of the naval aviation technical educational system, and the development of a highly skilled labor force. The first comprehensive study on the importance of aircraft maintenance and the aircraft technician in the age of the aircraft carrier, Sustaining the Carrier War, provides the missing link to our understanding of Great Power conflict at sea.