Empiricism And The Problem Of Metaphysics

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Empiricism And The Problem Of Metaphysics

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Author : Paul Studtmann
language : en
Publisher: Lexington Books
Release Date : 2010-10-11

Empiricism And The Problem Of Metaphysics written by Paul Studtmann and has been published by Lexington Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-10-11 with Philosophy categories.

If there is one utterly inescapable problem for the metaphysician, it is this: is metaphysics itself a theoretically legitimate discipline? Is it, in other words, capable of a systematic and well-confirmed set of theoretical results? And if not, why not? From its inception, metaphysics has found itself exercised by the nagging worry that its own inquiries might reveal it to be a subject without an object, or a mode of inquiry without a method. Such concerns were voiced as early as Plato's discussion of the battle between the Gods and Giants. Since then, no era of its history has spared metaphysics some rehearsal of this question. In Empiricism and the Problem of Metaphysics, Paul Studtmann defends an empiricist critique of metaphysical theorizing. At the heart of the critique is an empiricist view of a priori knowledge, according to which all a priori knowledge is empirical knowledge of the results of effective procedures. Such a view of a priori knowledge places severe limits on the scope a priori speculation and indeed places beyond our ken the types of claims that metaphysicians as well as traditional epistemologists and ethicists have typically wanted to make.

The Problem Of Metaphysics

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Author : D. M. MacKinnon
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 1974-01-10

The Problem Of Metaphysics written by D. M. MacKinnon and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1974-01-10 with Philosophy categories.

Professor MacKinnon devotes this book to a study of metaphysics.

The Metaphysics Of Science And Aim Oriented Empiricism

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Author : Nicholas Maxwell
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2019-03-09

The Metaphysics Of Science And Aim Oriented Empiricism written by Nicholas Maxwell and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-03-09 with Science categories.

This book gives an account of work that I have done over a period of decades that sets out to solve two fundamental problems of philosophy: the mind-body problem and the problem of induction. Remarkably, these revolutionary contributions to philosophy turn out to have dramatic implications for a wide range of issues outside philosophy itself, most notably for the capacity of humanity to resolve current grave global problems and make progress towards a better, wiser world. A key element of the proposed solution to the first problem is that physics is about only a highly specialized aspect of all that there is – the causally efficacious aspect. Once this is understood, it ceases to be a mystery that natural science says nothing about the experiential aspect of reality, the colours we perceive, the inner experiences we are aware of. That natural science is silent about the experiential aspect of reality is no reason whatsoever to holdthat the experiential does not objectively exist. A key element of the proposed solution to the second problem is that physics, in persistently accepting unified theories only, thereby makes a substantial metaphysical assumption about the universe: it is such that a unified pattern of physical law runs through all phenomena. We need a new conception, and kind, of physics that acknowledges, and actively seeks to improve, metaphysical presuppositions inherent in the methods of physics. The problematic aims and methods of physics need to be improved as physics proceeds. These are the ideas that have fruitful implications, I set out to show, for a wide range of issues: for philosophy itself, for physics, for natural science more generally, for the social sciences, for education, for the academic enterprise as a whole and, most important of all, for the capacity of humanity to learn how to solve the grave global problems that menace our future, and thus make progress to a better, wiser world. It is not just science that has problematic aims; in life too our aims, whether personal, social or institutional, are all too often profoundly problematic, and in urgent need of improvement. We need a new kind of academic enterprise which helps humanity put aims-and-methods improving meta-methods into practice in personal and social life, so that we may come to do better at achieving what is of value in life, and make progress towards a saner, wiser world. This body of work of mine has met with critical acclaim. Despite that, astonishingly, it has been ignored by mainstream philosophy. In the book I discuss the recent work of over 100 philosophers on the mind-body problem and the metaphysics of science, and show that my earlier, highly relevant work on these issues is universally ignored, the quality of subsequent work suffering as a result. My hope, in publishing this book, is that my fellow philosophers will cometo appreciate the intellectual value of my proposed solutions to the mind-body problem and the problem of induction, and will, as a result, join with me in attempting to convince our fellow academics that we need to bring about an intellectual/institutional revolution in academic inquiry so that it takes up its proper task of helping humanity learn how to solve problems of living, including global problems, and make progress towards as good, as wise and enlightened a world as possible.

Images Of Empiricism

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Author : Bradley Monton
language : en
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Release Date : 2007-10-04

Images Of Empiricism written by Bradley Monton and has been published by OUP Oxford this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-10-04 with Philosophy categories.

Thirteen specially written essays discuss topics from the work of Bas C. van Fraassen, one of the most important contemporary philosophers of science. The central and unifying theme of the volume is empiricism, an approach which van Fraassen developed most fully in The Scientific Image and The Empirical Stance. Thirteen of the world's leading experts in the field examine van Fraassen's defence of scientific anti-realism (which he sees as a core tenet of empiricism), as well as his claim that adopting a philosophical position like empiricism does not consist in holding a particular set of beliefs, but is rather a matter of taking a stance. Images of Empiricism concludes with an extensive and intriguing reply by van Fraassen, in which he develops and corrects his old views, and offers new insights into the nature of science, empiricism, and philosophy itself.

The Empirical Stance

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Author : Bas C. van Fraassen
language : en
Publisher: Yale University Press
Release Date : 2008-10-01

The Empirical Stance written by Bas C. van Fraassen and has been published by Yale University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-10-01 with Philosophy categories.

What is empiricism and what could it be? Bas C. van Fraassen, one of the world’s foremost contributors to philosophical logic and the philosophy of science, here undertakes a fresh consideration of these questions and offers a program for renewal of the empiricist tradition. The empiricist tradition is not and could not be defined by common doctrines, but embodies a certain stance in philosophy, van Fraassen says. This stance is displayed first of all in a searing, recurrent critique of metaphysics, and second in a focus on experience that requires a voluntarist view of belief and opinion. Van Fraassen focuses on the philosophical problems of scientific and conceptual revolutions and on the not unrelated ruptures between religious and secular ways of seeing or conceiving of ourselves. He explores what it is to be or not be secular and points the way toward a new relationship between secularism and science within philosophy.

Empiricism And The Philosophy Of Mind

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Author : Wilfrid Sellars
language : en
Publisher: Harvard University Press
Release Date : 1997-07

Empiricism And The Philosophy Of Mind written by Wilfrid Sellars and has been published by Harvard University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997-07 with Philosophy categories.

The most important work by one of America's greatest twentieth-century philosophers, Empiricism and the Philosophy of Mind is both the epitome of Wilfrid Sellars' entire philosophical system and a key document in the history of philosophy. First published in essay form in 1956, it helped bring about a sea change in analytic philosophy. It broke the link, which had bound Russell and Ayer to Locke and Hume--the doctrine of "knowledge by acquaintance." Sellars' attack on the Myth of the Given in Empiricism and the Philosophy of Mind was a decisive move in turning analytic philosophy away from the foundationalist motives of the logical empiricists and raised doubts about the very idea of "epistemology." With an introduction by Richard Rorty to situate the work within the history of recent philosophy, and with a study guide by Robert Brandom, this publication of Empiricism and the Philosophy of Mind makes a difficult but indisputably significant figure in the development of analytic philosophy clear and comprehensible to anyone who would understand that philosophy or its history.

William James S Radically Empirical Philosophy Of Religion

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Author : J. Edward Hackett
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2025-01-31

William James S Radically Empirical Philosophy Of Religion written by J. Edward Hackett and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2025-01-31 with Philosophy categories.

This book takes a stand against and critiques readings of William James that do not pay attention to the metaphysics of experience. Such interpretations overlook the first mentions of radical empiricism in James’s Will to Believe argument. By attending to James's metaphysics of experience, this book argues that James’s universe is a “quasi-chaos” of becoming in our relations with nature and other people, so that things independent of us relate, evolve, and change in space and time. James’s metaphysics of relations is what unifies his various psychological, poetic, mystical, and religious commitments. These metaphysical implications have consequences for how James understood what metaphysics can do in philosophy, how it relates to theology, what we can say about his will-to-believe argument, mysticism, free-will, God’s finitism, the problem of One and the Many, and panpsychism.

The Social Origins Of Modern Science

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Author : P. Zilsel
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-03-07

The Social Origins Of Modern Science written by P. Zilsel and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-03-07 with History categories.

Edgar Zilsel (1891-1944) lived through the best of times and worst of times, through the renewal of scientific optimism and humane politics, and through the massive social collapse into idolatrous barbarism. With it all, and with his per sonal and family crises in Vienna and later in America, Zilsel was, I believe, a th heroic, indeed a model, scholar of the first half of the 20 century. He was widely admired as a teacher, at high schools, in workers education, in research tutoring and seminars. He was an original investigator on matters of the methodology of science, and of the history of the sciences. He was a social and political analyst, as a critical Marxist, of the turmoil of Vienna in the 20s. Above all, he achieved so much as a sociological historian who undertook re search on two central facts of the early modern world: recognition of the cre ative individual, and the ideal of genius; and the conditions and realities of the coming of science to European civilization.

Images Of Science

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Author : Bas C. Van Fraassen
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 1985-10-15

Images Of Science written by Bas C. Van Fraassen and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1985-10-15 with Philosophy categories.

"Churchland and Hooker have collected ten papers by prominent philosophers of science which challenge van Fraassen's thesis from a variety of realist perspectives. Together with van Fraassen's extensive reply . . . these articles provide a comprehensive picture of the current debate in philosophy of science between realists and anti-realists."—Jeffrey Bub and David MacCallum, Foundations of Physics Letters

Hegel Nietzsche And The Criticism Of Metaphysics

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Author : Stephen Houlgate
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2004-01-29

Hegel Nietzsche And The Criticism Of Metaphysics written by Stephen Houlgate and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-01-29 with Philosophy categories.

This study of Hegel and Nietzsche evaluates and compares their work through their common criticism of the metaphysics for operating with conceptual oppositions such as being/becoming and egoism/altruism. Dr Houlgate exposes Nietzsche's critique as employing the distinction of Life and Thought, which itself constitutes a metaphysical dualism of the kind Nietzsche attacks. By comparison Hegel is shown to provide a more profound critique of metaphysical dualism by applying his philosophy of the dialectic, which sees such alleged opposites as defining components of a dynamic. In choosing to study a theme so fundamental to both philosophers' work, Houlgate has established a framework within which to evaluate the Hegel-Nietzsche debate; to make the first full study of Nietzsche's view of Hegel's work; and to compare Nietzsche's Dionysic philosophy with Hegel's dialectical philosophy by focusing on tragedy, a subject central to the philosophy of both.