Employment And Childcare Arrangements Among Families
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Employment And Childcare Arrangements Among Families
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Author : Valerie N. Podmore
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1994
Employment And Childcare Arrangements Among Families written by Valerie N. Podmore and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994 with Children of working parents categories.
A study investigated parents' experiences and their views on labor force participation and childcare arrangements. An in-depth interview was conducted with the parent or parents from 60 families with 5-year-old children, selected randomly from 14 schools in the greater Wellington, New Zealand, region. Results included the following: (1) playgroups were attended most often when the children were aged under 1 year, playcentre and childcare centers were used more often when the children were aged over 1 or 2 years, and among 4-year-olds, kindergartens were the type of service most frequently used; (2) socializing, travel or transport to the child care center, and fees or financial considerations; (3) responsibility for caring for children before they started school, or when they were sick or home from school for holidays fell primarily to the mothers; (4) within two-parent families, reading and learning activities at home were most often a shared responsibility; (5) 67 percent of the women and 98 percent of the men interviewed had participated in paid work during the first 5 years of their child's life; (6) difficulties noted by working parents included missing out on time with their children, time pressures, fitting in household tasks, guilt, and finding appropriate child care; (7) nearly half of the subjects were completing additional schooling during their child's first 5 years; (8) there was relatively low participation in parent leave among the parents who were in the paid workforce the year their child was born; and (9) parents expressed concern about the need for flexibility among employers and in the workplace, and about having domestic leave available for parents when their children are ill. (A copy of the survey is appended.) (HTH)
Families That Work
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Author : Janet C. Gornick
language : en
Publisher: Russell Sage Foundation
Release Date : 2003-08-28
Families That Work written by Janet C. Gornick and has been published by Russell Sage Foundation this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-08-28 with Social Science categories.
Parents around the world grapple with the common challenge of balancing work and child care. Despite common problems, the industrialized nations have developed dramatically different social and labor market policies—policies that vary widely in the level of support they provide for parents and the extent to which they encourage an equal division of labor between parents as they balance work and care. In Families That Work, Janet Gornick and Marcia Meyers take a close look at the work-family policies in the United States and abroad and call for a new and expanded role for the U.S. government in order to bring this country up to the standards taken for granted in many other Western nations. In many countries in Europe and in Canada, family leave policies grant parents paid time off to care for their young children, and labor market regulations go a long way toward ensuring that work does not overwhelm family obligations. In addition, early childhood education and care programs guarantee access to high-quality care for their children. In most of these countries, policies encourage gender equality by strengthening mothers' ties to employment and encouraging fathers to spend more time caregiving at home. In sharp contrast, Gornick and Meyers show how in the United States—an economy with high labor force participation among both fathers and mothers—parents are left to craft private solutions to the society-wide dilemma of "who will care for the children?" Parents—overwhelmingly mothers—must loosen their ties to the workplace to care for their children; workers are forced to negotiate with their employers, often unsuccessfully, for family leave and reduced work schedules; and parents must purchase care of dubious quality, at high prices, from consumer markets. By leaving child care solutions up to hard-pressed working parents, these private solutions exact a high price in terms of gender inequality in the workplace and at home, family stress and economic insecurity, and—not least—child well-being. Gornick and Meyers show that it is possible–based on the experiences of other countries—to enhance child well-being and to increase gender equality by promoting more extensive and egalitarian family leave, work-time, and child care policies. Families That Work demonstrates convincingly that the United States has much to learn from policies in Europe and in Canada, and that the often-repeated claim that the United States is simply "too different" to draw lessons from other countries is based largely on misperceptions about policies in other countries and about the possibility of policy expansion in the United States.
Child Care For Low Income Families
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Author : Deborah Phillips
language : en
Publisher: National Academies
Release Date : 1995
Child Care For Low Income Families written by Deborah Phillips and has been published by National Academies this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995 with Child care categories.
Happy Families
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2002-01-01
Happy Families written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002-01-01 with Social Science categories.
Parents work in an increasingly deregulated labor market - often at what have traditionally been regarded as "family times" such as Sundays. While parental work at atypical times is increasing, we know very little about its nature, how atypical working arrangements come about and their impact on family life. This report, published in association with the Joseph Rowntree Foundation, addresses these key issues and explores the implications of the growth in atypical working hours for employment and childcare policies. Drawing on a large-scale, nationally representative study in the UK, the report: assesses the frequency and extent of atypical working; examines how family activities are affected by parents working atypical hours; explores the effects of atypical working on children; and asks whether parents in lower socioeconomic groups feel more constrained to work atypical hours than those in professional jobs. The results suggest that the potential business benefits of limiting regulati
Working Families And Growing Kids
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Author : Institute of Medicine
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2003-05-15
Working Families And Growing Kids written by Institute of Medicine and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-05-15 with Social Science categories.
An informative mix of data and discussion, this book presents conclusions and recommendations for policies that can respond to the new conditions shaping America's working families. Among the family and work trends reviewed: Growing population of mothers with young children in the workforce. Increasing reliance of nonparental child care. Growing challenges of families on welfare. Increased understanding of child and adolescent development. Included in this comprehensive review of the research and data on family leave, child care, and income support issues are: the effects of early child care and school age child care on child development, the impacts of family work policies on child and adolescent well-being and family functioning, the impacts of family work policies on child and adolescent well-being and family functioning the changes to federal and state welfare policy, the emergence of a 24/7 economy, the utilization of paid family leave, and an examination of the ways parental employment affects children as they make their way through childhood and adolescence. The book also evaluates the support systems available to working families, including family and medical leave, child care options, and tax policies. The committee's conclusions and recommendations will be of interest to anyone concerned with issues affecting the working American family, especially policy makers, program administrators, social scientists, journalist, private and public sector leaders, and family advocates.
Combining Self Employment And Family Life
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Author : Bell, Alice
language : en
Publisher: Policy Press
Release Date : 2003-06-18
Combining Self Employment And Family Life written by Bell, Alice and has been published by Policy Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-06-18 with Medical categories.
Despite the increasing policy interest in work-life balance issues, relatively little research has been carried out into the links between self-employment and family life. This report considers, for the first time, the extent to which new family-friendly initiatives and legislation provide adequate support for self-employed parents. Drawing on an analysis of survey material from 10,000 families with children, the report explores topical issues such as: whether self-employment offers working parents greater flexibility than other forms of employment the price of flexibility difficulties in relation to childcare differences between the experiences of self-employed mothers and fathers
Families With Small Children In Eastern And Western Europe
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Author : Ulla Björnberg
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2019-01-15
Families With Small Children In Eastern And Western Europe written by Ulla Björnberg and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-01-15 with Social Science categories.
Published in 1997, the aim of this study is to address comparative perspectives on gender and family life in western and eastern Europe. The focus is on the way in which family policy measures relating to the reconciliation of work and family are viewed and used by employed parents with small children. Another purpose is to consider how compatibility between family and employment is perceived by the parents, and its implications for partnership, gender balance, and parent-child relationships. The book also discusses the consequences and lessons which can be drawn from these studies for the purpose of family policy initiatives.
Running Around In Circles
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Author : Christine Skinner
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2002
Running Around In Circles written by Christine Skinner and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002 with Family & Relationships categories.
There has been a long-standing interest in the barriers to paid employment presented by inadequate and costly childcare services. Yet, little research has been done to explore how families manage to coordinate childcare services and whether this could also act as a barrier to employment. Drawing on detailed interviews with mothers, this study explores how parents manage to coordinate the childcare and educational needs of all children in the family with their working arrangements. Uniquely, it adopts a family unit perspective to consider how these needs are managed. Christine Skinner is Lecturer in Social Policy at the University of York. She has considerable research experience relating to parenting and family policy matters, including childcare provision, family support services, child contact centres, child support obligations and the operation of the Child Support Agency.
Lone Parenthood In The Life Course
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Author : Laura Bernardi
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2017-11-08
Lone Parenthood In The Life Course written by Laura Bernardi and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-11-08 with Social Science categories.
Lone parenthood is an increasing reality in the 21st century, reinforced by the diffusion of divorce and separation. This volume provides a comprehensive portrait of lone parenthood at the beginning of the XXI century from a life course perspective. The contributions included in this volume examine the dynamics of lone parenthood in the life course and explore the trajectories of lone parents in terms of income, poverty, labour, market behaviour, wellbeing, and health. Throughout, comparative analyses of data from countries as France, the United Kingdom, Ireland, Germany, Belgium, Sweden, Switzerland, Hungary, and Australia help portray how lone parenthood varies between regions, cultures, generations, and institutional settings. The findings show that one-parent households are inhabited by a rather heterogeneous world of mothers and fathers facing different challenges. Readers will not only discover the demographics and diversity of lone parents, but also the variety of social representations and discourses about the changing phenomenon of lone parenthood. The book provides a mixture of qualitative and quantitative studies on lone parenthood. Using large scale and longitudinal panel and register data, the reader will gain insight in complex processes across time. More qualitative case studies on the other hand discuss the definition of lone parenthood, the public debate around it, and the social and subjective representations of lone parents themselves. This book aims at sociologists, demographers, psychologists, political scientists, family therapists, and policy makers who want to gain new insights into one of the most striking changes in family forms over the last 50 years. This book is open access under a CC BY License.
Putting Children First
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Author : Ajay Chaudry
language : en
Publisher: Russell Sage Foundation
Release Date : 2004-07-22
Putting Children First written by Ajay Chaudry and has been published by Russell Sage Foundation this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-07-22 with Social Science categories.
In the five years following the passage of federal welfare reform law, the labor force participation of low-income, single mothers with young children climbed by more than 25 percent. With significantly more hours spent outside the home, single working mothers face a serious childcare crunch—how can they provide quality care for their children? In Putting Children First, Ajay Chaudry follows 42 low-income families in New York City over three years to illuminate the plight of these mothers and the ways in which they respond to the difficult challenge of providing for their children's material and developmental needs with limited resources. Using the words of the women themselves, Chaudry tells a startling story. Scarce subsidies, complicated bureaucracies, inflexible work schedules, and limited choices force families to piece together care arrangements that are often unstable, unreliable, inconvenient, and of limited quality. Because their wages are so low, these women are forced to rely on inexpensive caregivers who are often under-qualified to serve the developmental needs of their children. Even when these mothers find good, affordable care, it rarely lasts long because their volatile employment situations throw their needs into constant flux. The average woman in Chaudry's sample had to find five different primary caregivers in her child's first four years, while over a quarter of them needed seven or more in that time. This book lets single, low-income mothers describe the childcare arrangements they desire and the ways that options available to them fail to meet even their most basic needs. As Chaudry tracks these women through erratic childcare spells, he reveals the strategies they employ, the tremendous costs they incur and the anxiety they face when trying to ensure that their children are given proper care. Honest, powerful, and alarming, Putting Children First gives a fresh perspective on work and family for the disadvantaged. It infuses a human voice into the ongoing debate about the effectiveness of welfare reform, showing the flaws of a social policy based solely on personal responsibility without concurrent societal responsibility, and suggesting a better path for the future.