Endocannabinoids And Related Lipids In Chronic Pain
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Endocannabinoids And Related Lipids In Chronic Pain
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Author : Niclas Stensson
language : en
Publisher: Linköping University Electronic Press
Release Date : 2018-05-03
Endocannabinoids And Related Lipids In Chronic Pain written by Niclas Stensson and has been published by Linköping University Electronic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-05-03 with categories.
In Europe, approximately one in five adults experience chronic pain, pain that lasts more than three months. Chronic pain is a significant problem not only for those people suffering from chronic pain but also for society. The prevalence of chronic pain is higher in women and lower socioeconomic groups. Although chronic pain often originates in a specific site, it may eventually spread to several sites, transforming into chronic widespread pain (CWP), a condition evident in about 10% of the adult population. Approximately 1.2-5.4% are classified with fibromyalgia (FM). In addition to CWP, common symptoms of FM include, stiffness, fatigue, sleep disturbances, and cognitive dysfunction and common co-morbidities include depression and anxiety. Although FM/CWP has been reported to alter both central and peripheral nociceptive mechanisms, no objective biomarkers have been found that correlate with CWP/FM and no standard examinations such as blood test, X-ray or computed tomography can provide support for a diagnosis. Because there are no objective biomarkers that correlate with the pathophysiological processes associated with CWP/FM, this debilitating disease is difficult to diagnose and ultimately treat. However, there are some promising therapeutic targets for chronic pain with inter alia analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and stress modulating properties: the endocannabinoids (ECs) arachidonoylethanolamide (AEA) and 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) and their related lipids oleoylethanolamide (OEA), palmitoylethanolamide (PEA), and stearoylethanolamide (SEA). This thesis investigates whether ECs and the related N-acylethanolamines (NAEs) can be used as potential biomarkers for CWP/FM. Specifically, the studies compared the peripheral and systemic levels of ECs and NAEs in 121 women with CWP/FM and in 137 healthy controls in two different cohorts. In addition, the correlation between lipid levels and common pain characteristics such as intensity, sensitivity, and duration were investigated. The EC and related lipid levels were measured using liquid chromatography in combination with tandem mass spectrometry. Multivariate data analysis was used for biomarker evaluation. Compared to the healthy controls, the CWP/FM patients had significantly higher concentrations of OEA, PEA, and SEA in muscle and plasma (p ? 0.05) and significantly higher 2-AG in plasma (p ? 0.01). These results may indicate that NAEs, are mobilized differently in painful muscles compared with pain free muscles. Moreover, increased systemic levels of NAEs and 2-AG in patients might be signs of ongoing low-grade inflammation in CWP/FM. These findings contribute to a better understanding of how peripheral and systemic factors maintain and activate chronic pain. Although the investigated lipids have statistically significant effects but biologically uncertain role in the clinical manifestations of CWP/FM. Thus plasma lipids are not a good biomarker for CWP/FM. Nevertheless, increased lipid levels indicate a metabolic asymmetry in CWP/FM, a finding that could serve as a basis for more research on pain management.
Endocannabinoids And Related Lipids In Chronic Pain
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Author : Niclas Stensson
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018
Endocannabinoids And Related Lipids In Chronic Pain written by Niclas Stensson and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with categories.
In Europe, approximately one in five adults experience chronic pain, pain that lasts more than three months. Chronic pain is a significant problem not only for those people suffering from chronic pain but also for society. The prevalence of chronic pain is higher in women and lower socioeconomic groups. Although chronic pain often originates in a specific site, it may eventually spread to several sites, transforming into chronic widespread pain (CWP), a condition evident in about 10% of the adult population. Approximately 1.2-5.4% are classified with fibromyalgia (FM). In addition to CWP, common symptoms of FM include, stiffness, fatigue, sleep disturbances, and cognitive dysfunction and common co-morbidities include depression and anxiety. Although FM/CWP has been reported to alter both central and peripheral nociceptive mechanisms, no objective biomarkers have been found that correlate with CWP/FM and no standard examinations such as blood test, X-ray or computed tomography can provide support for a diagnosis. Because there are no objective biomarkers that correlate with the pathophysiological processes associated with CWP/FM, this debilitating disease is difficult to diagnose and ultimately treat. However, there are some promising therapeutic targets for chronic pain with inter alia analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and stress modulating properties: the endocannabinoids (ECs) arachidonoylethanolamide (AEA) and 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) and their related lipids oleoylethanolamide (OEA), palmitoylethanolamide (PEA), and stearoylethanolamide (SEA). This thesis investigates whether ECs and the related N -acylethanolamines (NAEs) can be used as potential biomarkers for CWP/FM. Specifically, the studies compared the peripheral and systemic levels of ECs and NAEs in 121 women with CWP/FM and in 137 healthy controls in two different cohorts. In addition, the correlation between lipid levels and common pain characteristics such as intensity, sensitivity, and duration were investigated. The EC and related lipid levels were measured using liquid chromatography in combination with tandem mass spectrometry. Multivariate data analysis was used for biomarker evaluation. Compared to the healthy controls, the CWP/FM patients had significantly higher concentrations of OEA, PEA, and SEA in muscle and plasma (p ≤ 0.05) and significantly higher 2-AG in plasma (p ≤ 0.01). These results may indicate that NAEs, are mobilized differently in painful muscles compared with pain free muscles. Moreover, increased systemic levels of NAEs and 2-AG in patients might be signs of ongoing low-grade inflammation in CWP/FM. These findings contribute to a better understanding of how peripheral and systemic factors maintain and activate chronic pain. Although the investigated lipids have statistically significant effects but biologically uncertain role in the clinical manifestations of CWP/FM. Thus plasma lipids are not a good biomarker for CWP/FM. Nevertheless, increased lipid levels indicate a metabolic asymmetry in CWP/FM, a finding that could serve as a basis for more research on pain management.
Translational Pain Research
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Author : Lawrence Kruger
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2009-11-24
Translational Pain Research written by Lawrence Kruger and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-11-24 with Health & Fitness categories.
One of the Most Rapidly Advancing Fields in Modern Neuroscience The success of molecular biology and the new tools derived from molecular genetics have revolutionized pain research and its translation to therapeutic effectiveness. Bringing together recent advances in modern neuroscience regarding genetic studies in mice and humans and the practicality of clinical trials, Translational Pain Research: From Mouse to Man effectively bridges the gap between basic research and patient care by humanely examining rodent models for pain associated with bone cancer, osteoarthritis, fibromyalgia, and cardiac episodes. Distinguished Team of International Contributors In addition to addressing the groundbreaking technical advances in tract tracing, endocannabinoids, cannabis, gene therapy, siRNA gene studies, and the role of glia, cytokines, P2X receptors and ATP, this book also presents cutting-edge information on: Nociceptor sensitization Muscle nociceptors and metabolite detection Visceral afferents in disease Innovative rodent model for bone cancer pain Highly specific receptor cloning Modular molecular mechanisms relevant to painful neuropathies This sharply focused work also discusses unexpected discoveries derived from brain-imaging studies related to thalamic pain. Translational Pain Research covers the progress made toward bringing laboratory science (much of it at the molecular level) to our understanding of pain phenomena in humans, with the ultimate goal of reducing the suffering that often accompanies pain and its indirect consequences.
The Endocannabinoidome
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Author : Vincenzo Di Marzo
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2014-09-18
The Endocannabinoidome written by Vincenzo Di Marzo and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-09-18 with Medical categories.
The Endocannabinoidome: The World of Endocannabinoids and Related Mediators is dedicated to the latest research and studies on endocannabinoids and cannabinoid receptors to illustrate their important role in the discovery of new, endocannabinoid-related, lipid mediators. Written by leading experts across different disciplines, this book focuses on the biochemical and anlayticial aspects of novel lipid signals, their pharmacological activities and their potential utilization for the development of new and effective therapeutic strategies. The first book of its kind, The Endocannabinoidome is a meaningful reference for all those involved in experimental efforts to further the development of this field. Explores the novel and exciting aspects of several endocannabinoid-like molecules for which researchers are still seeking a function Discusses the novel metabolic pathways for endocannabinoids in order to explain the failure of some clinical trials with inhibitors of more conventional metabolic pathways Incorporates pharmacology, biochemistry and potential clinical applications to provide researchers with a complete look at endocannabinoids
Cannabinoids In Health And Disease
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Author : Rosaria Meccariello
language : en
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Release Date : 2016-06-15
Cannabinoids In Health And Disease written by Rosaria Meccariello and has been published by BoD – Books on Demand this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-06-15 with Medical categories.
This book provides a comprehensive overview of current knowledge of cannabinoid activity in human physiology and points out the importance of endocannabinoid system for the maintenance of human health and treatment of diseases. Each chapter has been organized with the aim to cover basic concepts in the modulation of endocannabinoid system in both physiological and pathological conditions, thanks to the integration of data from experimental animal models and clinical observations. A special focus has been put on the medical use of cannabinoids and on the targeting of endocannabinoid system as new therapeutic strategy for the prevention and treatment of human diseases. Taken together, this book targets a wide audience of basic and clinical scientists, teachers and students interested in gaining a better understanding in the field of cannabinoids.
Pain Management And The Opioid Epidemic
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Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2017-09-28
Pain Management And The Opioid Epidemic written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-09-28 with Medical categories.
Drug overdose, driven largely by overdose related to the use of opioids, is now the leading cause of unintentional injury death in the United States. The ongoing opioid crisis lies at the intersection of two public health challenges: reducing the burden of suffering from pain and containing the rising toll of the harms that can arise from the use of opioid medications. Chronic pain and opioid use disorder both represent complex human conditions affecting millions of Americans and causing untold disability and loss of function. In the context of the growing opioid problem, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) launched an Opioids Action Plan in early 2016. As part of this plan, the FDA asked the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine to convene a committee to update the state of the science on pain research, care, and education and to identify actions the FDA and others can take to respond to the opioid epidemic, with a particular focus on informing FDA's development of a formal method for incorporating individual and societal considerations into its risk-benefit framework for opioid approval and monitoring.
Nutritional Modulators Of Pain In The Aging Population
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Author : Ronald Ross Watson
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2017-01-25
Nutritional Modulators Of Pain In The Aging Population written by Ronald Ross Watson and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-01-25 with Medical categories.
Nutritional Modulators of Pain in the Aging Population provides an overview on the role of foods, dietary supplements, obesity, and nutrients in the prevention and amelioration of pain in various diseases in the aging population. Headaches, fibromyalgia, joint pain, arthritis pain, back pain, and stomach pain are discussed. In addition, the potential health risks of using foods to reduce symptoms is evaluated. Each chapter reviews pain causing conditions before reviewing the role of food or exercise. Both researchers and physicians will learn about dietary approaches that may benefit or harm people with various types of pain. Chapters include current research on the actions of nutrients in pain treatment, the effects of lifestyle and exercise on pain management, and discussions of dietary supplements that provide pain relief from chronic conditions like arthritis. Presents a comprehensive overview that details the role of nutrition in pain management for the aging population Written for researchers and clinicians in neurology, pain, and food and nutrition Reviews the pain symptoms and role of food and/or exercise associated with each disease
Marijuana And Medicine
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Author : Institute of Medicine
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 1999-07-10
Marijuana And Medicine written by Institute of Medicine and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999-07-10 with Medical categories.
The medical use of marijuana is surrounded by a cloud of social, political, and religious controversy, which obscures the facts that should be considered in the debate. This book summarizes what we know about marijuana from evidence-based medicineâ€"the harm it may do and the relief it may bring to patients. The book helps the reader understand not only what science has to say about medical marijuana but also the logic behind the scientific conclusions. Marijuana and Medicine addresses the science base and the therapeutic effects of marijuana use for medical conditions such as glaucoma and multiple sclerosis. It covers marijuana's mechanism of action, acute and chronic effects on health and behavior, potential adverse effects, efficacy of different delivery systems, analysis of the data about marijuana as a gateway drug, and the prospects for developing cannabinoid drugs. The book evaluates how well marijuana meets accepted standards for medicine and considers the conclusions of other blue-ribbon panels. Full of useful facts, this volume will be important to anyone interested in informed debate about the medical use of marijuana: advocates and opponents as well as policymakers, regulators, and health care providers.
Cambridge Handbook Of Pain Medicine
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Author : Omar Viswanath
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2023-12-14
Cambridge Handbook Of Pain Medicine written by Omar Viswanath and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-12-14 with Medical categories.
The practice of pain medicine has changed dramatically over the past few years. This practical and accessible evidence-based clinical handbook provides medical and nursing professionals with in-depth and up-to-date information on the various types of chronic pain, the underlying causes, and associated symptoms. Focused primarily on the management of chronic pain, the book covers the major chronic pain conditions in the head and neck, spine, and extremities. Also, it provides invaluable guidance on various pain management techniques, including medication, physical therapy, and psychological interventions. With this knowledge, healthcare professionals will be equipped to provide more effective and compassionate care, improve patients' quality of life, and reduce the risk of chronic pain and opioid dependence. An invaluable resource for pain medicine physicians, anesthesiologiests, primary care physicians, emergency medicine physicians, and nurse anaesthetists as well as those physicians preparing for US Board certification and recertification exams.
Comprehensive Treatment Of Chronic Pain By Medical Interventional And Integrative Approaches
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Author : Timothy R Deer
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-02-11
Comprehensive Treatment Of Chronic Pain By Medical Interventional And Integrative Approaches written by Timothy R Deer and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-02-11 with Medical categories.
Edited by master clinician-experts appointed by the American Academy of Pain Medicine, this is a state-of-the-art multidisciplinary textbook covering medical, interventional, and integrative approaches to the treatment and management of pain. It is designed as a practical and comprehensive primary reference for busy physicians and is also an up-to-date resource for preparing for certification examinations in pain medicine. · Written and edited by world-class authorities · “Key Points” preview contents of each chapter · Leading edge medical topics, such as monitoring opioid use and abuse, and the emerging role of cannabinoids in pain treatment · Expert guidance on full range of interventional techniques · Clinical anatomy and physiology for the interventionist · Behavioral dimensions of the experience and management of pain · Integrative approaches for treating the “whole person” · Legal issues, such as failure to treat pain · First-hand patient accounts