Energy Aware Scheduling For Real Time Embedded Systems
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Energy Aware Scheduling For Real Time Embedded Systems
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Author : Muhammad Khurram Bhatti
language : en
Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
Release Date : 2012-04
Energy Aware Scheduling For Real Time Embedded Systems written by Muhammad Khurram Bhatti and has been published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-04 with categories.
Real-time embedded systems have become ubiquitous in our daily life. Due to their diversified usage, the research on these systems has confronted with many emerging challenges. One such challenge is to reduce power and energy consumption while maintaining assurance that timing constraints will be met. Power densities in microprocessors are almost doubled every three years. As energy is power integrated over time, supplying the required energy may become prohibitively expensive, or even technologically infeasible. This is particularly difficult in portable systems that heavily rely on batteries for energy, and will become even more critical as battery capacities are increasing at a much slower rate than power consumption. This book presents four contributions that are based on the thesis that energy-efficiency of Real-time Embedded Systems and scheduling are closely related problems and therefore, should be tackled together for optimal results. Contributions of this book are: 1) Two-level Hierarchical Scheduling Algorithm for Multiprocessor Systems, 2) Assertive Dynamic Power Management Scheme, 3) Deterministic Stretch-to-Fit DVFS Technique, and 4) Hybrid Power Management Scheme.
Real Time Task Scheduling For Energy Aware Embedded Systems
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2005
Real Time Task Scheduling For Energy Aware Embedded Systems written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with categories.
We present a new approach for scheduling workloads containing periodic tasks in real-time systems. The proposed approach minimizes the total energy consumed by the task set and guarantees that the deadline for every periodic task is met. As embedded software becomes a larger component of system-on-a-chip design, energy management using the operating system becomes increasingly important. We present a mixed-integer linear programming model for the NP-complete scheduling problem and solve it for moderate-sized problem instances using a public-domain solver. For larger task sets, we present a novel low-energy earliest-deadline-first (LEDF) scheduling algorithm and apply it to two real-life task sets.
Power Aware Scheduling For Real Time Embedded Systems
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Author : Linwei Niu
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006
Power Aware Scheduling For Real Time Embedded Systems written by Linwei Niu and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Embedded computer systems categories.
Driven by the remarkable evolution of IC technology and the ever-increasing human appetite for higher computing power, the dramatically increased power/energy consumption for real-time embedded systems has presented a profound challenge to researchers and developers. Battery-operated embedded devices, which have already been ubiquitous, demand low power consumption to extend the battery life and thus the mission cycles. Even for power-rich platforms, rapidly elevated power consumption raised serious concerns regarding the reliability and packaging/cooling cost as a result of the heat dissipation. It is fair to say that energy reduction has become one of the most critical design issues in the design of next generation real-time embedded systems. In our research, we seek to address this problem at the operating system level. Specifically, we believe that real-time scheduling plays a critical role in power/energy reduction not only because most embedded systems have real-time requirements, but also because significant energy savings can be achieved by taking advantage of the knowledge in application characteristics and underlying architectures known at this level. The goal of our research is to study and develop appropriate real-time scheduling techniques that can exploit the advanced power manageable features in state-of-the-art architecture to minimize the power/energy consumption while satisfying other design requirements at the same time. The contributions of the dissertation include: (i) We developed several advanced power-aware scheduling algorithms for hard real-time systems with emphasis on reducing both dynamic and leakage power consumption; (ii) We extended the system model from simple hard real-time systems to soft real-time systems with more complicated Quality of Service constraints; (iii) We also developed efficient scheduling algorithms to minimize the system-wide energy consumption with peripheral devices taken into consideration. Experimental results have demonstrated that our techniques greatly outperform existing ones. The problems discussed in this dissertation are rather general in real-time embedded system designs, and these methodologies and techniques are important both in the theoretical and practical sense.
Energy Aware Real Time Scheduling On Heterogeneous And Homogeneous Platforms In The Era Of Parallel Computing
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Author : Ashik Ahmed Bhuiyan
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2021
Energy Aware Real Time Scheduling On Heterogeneous And Homogeneous Platforms In The Era Of Parallel Computing written by Ashik Ahmed Bhuiyan and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021 with categories.
Multi-core processors increasingly appear as an enabling platform for embedded systems, e.g., mobile phones, tablets, computerized numerical controls, etc. The parallel task model, where a task can execute on multiple cores simultaneously, can efficiently exploit the multi-core platform’s computational ability. Many computation-intensive systems (e.g., self-driving cars) that demand stringent timing requirements often evolve in the form of parallel tasks. Several real-time embedded system applications demand predictable timing behavior and satisfy other system constraints, such as energy consumption.
Energy Aware Operating System Design
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Author : Padmanabhan Pillai
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2004
Energy Aware Operating System Design written by Padmanabhan Pillai and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with categories.
Energy Aware Scheduling On Multiprocessor Platforms
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Author : Dawei Li
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-10-19
Energy Aware Scheduling On Multiprocessor Platforms written by Dawei Li and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-10-19 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Multiprocessor platforms play important roles in modern computing systems, and appear in various applications, ranging from energy-limited hand-held devices to large data centers. As the performance requirements increase, energy-consumption in these systems also increases significantly. Dynamic Voltage and Frequency Scaling (DVFS), which allows processors to dynamically adjust the supply voltage and the clock frequency to operate on different power/energy levels, is considered an effective way to achieve the goal of energy-saving. This book surveys existing works that have been on energy-aware task scheduling on DVFS multiprocessor platforms. Energy-aware scheduling problems are intrinsically optimization problems, the formulations of which greatly depend on the platform and task models under consideration. Thus, Energy-aware Scheduling on Multiprocessor Platforms covers current research on this topic and classifies existing works according to two key standards, namely, homogeneity/heterogeneity of multiprocessor platforms and the task types considered. Under this classification, other sub-issues are also included, such as, slack reclamation, fixed/dynamic priority scheduling, partition-based/global scheduling, and application-specific power consumption, etc.
Energy And Time Aware Scheduling For Heterogeneous High Performance Embedded Systems
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Author : Julius Röder
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2023
Energy And Time Aware Scheduling For Heterogeneous High Performance Embedded Systems written by Julius Röder and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023 with categories.
Resource Access Control In Rt Linux And Energy Aware Real Time Scheduling
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Author : Guang Xie
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2003
Resource Access Control In Rt Linux And Energy Aware Real Time Scheduling written by Guang Xie and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with categories.
General-purpose operating systems, like Linux, Windows NT, optimize average performance and try to give every process a fair share of compute time. But the goal of real-time operating system (RTOS) is to guarantee precise timing and predictable performance rather than average performance. Nowadays several RTOS are being developed by different research groups to make the free Linux a viable platform to support real-time requirements while retaining its general-purpose features. But the existing RT-Linux versions provide limited resource access control support, which is necessary to prevent priority inversion and deadlock. In this thesis, we modify FSMLabs' RTLinux, which provides a loadable scheduler for fixed priority-driven scheduler, to accommodate two popular resource access control protocols, namely, Priority Inheritance and Priority Ceiling Protocols. We make suitable modifications in APIs to support these protocols while still maintaining backward compatibility. A last-in-first-out (LIFO) queue is introduced to simplify the implementation of Priority Ceiling Protocol. We have also developed a graphical simulation tool of the schedulers. Finally, we use several examples to test and verify the implementation. Power efficiency is a very important aspect in embedded systems, many of which have real-time requirements. Based on the characteristic of the prevailing CMOS process, Real-time Dynamic Voltage Scaling (RT-DVS) can dramatically reduce the energy dissipation by dynamically lowering the supply voltage and execution frequency, while still meeting tasks' deadlines. By carefully studying the behavior of the optimal execution curve of the stochastic execution time task set, we propose a new RT-DVS algorithm, which can acquire a near-optimal performance and when the variance of computation time of tasks approaches zero, the average energy dissipation converges to the optimum.
Energy Aware Fault Tolerance In Fixed Priority Real Time Embedded Systems
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2005
Energy Aware Fault Tolerance In Fixed Priority Real Time Embedded Systems written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with categories.
We investigate an integrated approach to fault tolerance and dynamic power management in real-time embedded systems. Fault tolerance is achieved via checkpointing and power management is carried out using dynamic voltage scaling (DVS). We present feasibility-of-scheduling tests for checkpointing schemes for a constant processor speed as well as for variable processor speeds. DVS is then carried out on the basis of these feasibility analyses. Experimental results show that compared to fault-oblivious methods, the proposed approach significantly reduces power consumption and guarantees timely task completion in the presence of faults.
Power Aware Scheduling For Embedded Real Time Systems
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2009
Power Aware Scheduling For Embedded Real Time Systems written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with categories.