Engineering Aviation Security Environments Reduction Of False Alarms In Computed Tomography Based Screening Of Checked Baggage
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Engineering Aviation Security Environments Reduction Of False Alarms In Computed Tomography Based Screening Of Checked Baggage
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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2013-08-19
Engineering Aviation Security Environments Reduction Of False Alarms In Computed Tomography Based Screening Of Checked Baggage written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-08-19 with Technology & Engineering categories.
On November 19, 2001 the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) was created as a separate entity within the U.S. Department of Transportation through the Aviation and Transportation Security Act. The act also mandated that all checked baggage on U.S. flights be scanned by explosive detection systems (EDSs) for the presence of threats. These systems needed to be deployed quickly and universally, but could not be made available everywhere. As a result the TSA emphasized the procurement and installation of certified systems where EDSs were not yet available. Computer tomography (CT)-based systems became the certified method or place-holder for EDSs. CT systems cannot detect explosives but instead create images of potential threats that can be compared to criteria to determine if they are real threats. The TSA has placed a great emphasis on high level detections in order to slow false negatives or missed detections. As a result there is abundance in false positives or false alarms. In order to get a better handle on these false positives the National Research Council (NRC) was asked to examine the technology of current aviation-security EDSs and false positives produced by this equipment. The ad hoc committee assigned to this task examined and evaluated the cases of false positives in the EDSs, assessed the impact of false positive resolution on personnel and resource allocation, and made recommendations on investigating false positives without increase false negatives. To complete their task the committee held four meetings in which they observed security measures at the San Francisco International Airport, heard from employees of DHS and the TSA. Engineering Aviation Security Environments-Reduction of False Alarms in Computed Tomography-Based Screening of Checked Baggage is the result of the committee's investigation. The report includes key conclusions and findings, an overview of EDSs, and recommendations made by the committee.
Engineering Aviation Security Environments Reduction Of False Alarms In Computed Tomography Based Screening Of Checked Baggage
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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2013-07-19
Engineering Aviation Security Environments Reduction Of False Alarms In Computed Tomography Based Screening Of Checked Baggage written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-07-19 with Technology & Engineering categories.
On November 19, 2001 the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) was created as a separate entity within the U.S. Department of Transportation through the Aviation and Transportation Security Act. The act also mandated that all checked baggage on U.S. flights be scanned by explosive detection systems (EDSs) for the presence of threats. These systems needed to be deployed quickly and universally, but could not be made available everywhere. As a result the TSA emphasized the procurement and installation of certified systems where EDSs were not yet available. Computer tomography (CT)-based systems became the certified method or place-holder for EDSs. CT systems cannot detect explosives but instead create images of potential threats that can be compared to criteria to determine if they are real threats. The TSA has placed a great emphasis on high level detections in order to slow false negatives or missed detections. As a result there is abundance in false positives or false alarms. In order to get a better handle on these false positives the National Research Council (NRC) was asked to examine the technology of current aviation-security EDSs and false positives produced by this equipment. The ad hoc committee assigned to this task examined and evaluated the cases of false positives in the EDSs, assessed the impact of false positive resolution on personnel and resource allocation, and made recommendations on investigating false positives without increase false negatives. To complete their task the committee held four meetings in which they observed security measures at the San Francisco International Airport, heard from employees of DHS and the TSA. Engineering Aviation Security Environments-Reduction of False Alarms in Computed Tomography-Based Screening of Checked Baggage is the result of the committee's investigation. The report includes key conclusions and findings, an overview of EDSs, and recommendations made by the committee.
Research Progress On Environmental Health And Safety Aspects Of Engineered Nanomaterials
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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2013-12-25
Research Progress On Environmental Health And Safety Aspects Of Engineered Nanomaterials written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-12-25 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Despite the increase in funding for research and the rising numbers of peer-reviewed publications over the past decade that address the environmental, health, and safety aspects of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs), uncertainty about the implications of potential exposures of consumers, workers, and ecosystems to these materials persists. Consumers and workers want to know which of these materials they are exposed to and whether the materials can harm them. Industry is concerned about being able to predict with sufficient certainty whether products that it makes and markets will pose any environmental, health or safety issues and what measures should be taken regarding manufacturing practices and worldwide distribution to minimize any potential risk. However, there remains a disconnect between the research that is being carried out and its relevance to and use by decision-makers and regulators to make informed public health and environmental policy and regulatory decisions. Research Progress on Environmental, Health, and Safety Aspects of Nanomaterials evaluates research progress and updates research priorities and resource estimates on the basis of results of studies and emerging trends in the nanotechnology industry. This report follows up the 2012 report A Research Strategy for Environmental, Health, and Safety Aspects of Engineered Nanomaterials, which presented a strategic approach for developing the science and research infrastructure needed to address uncertainties regarding the potential environmental, health, and safety risks posed by ENMs. This new report looks at the state of nanotechnology research, examines market and regulatory conditions and their affect on research priorities, and considers the criteria for evaluating research progress on the environmental, health, and safety aspects of nanotechnology.
Engineering Aviation Security Environments Reduction Of False Alarms In Computed Tomography Based Screening Of Checked Baggage
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
Engineering Aviation Security Environments Reduction Of False Alarms In Computed Tomography Based Screening Of Checked Baggage written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with Electronic book categories.
Advances In Manufacturing Iv
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Author : Bartosz Gapiński
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2024-03-27
Advances In Manufacturing Iv written by Bartosz Gapiński and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-03-27 with Technology & Engineering categories.
The book covers timely topics in mechanical engineering, with a special attention to advances in machine design, product assembly, technological aspects of production, mechatronics and production maintenance. Gathering peer-review contributions to the 8th International Scientific-Technical Conference MANUFACTURING 2024, held on May 14-16, 2024, in Poznan, Poland, it reports on cutting-edge research and methods fostering design processes, optimization of industrial processes, such as welding and molding, and machining, with an emphasis on sustainable solutions. All in all, this book offers a timely guide for researchers and professionals in mechanical engineering and manufacturing, yet it is also intended to foster communication and cooperation between universities and industrial partners.
Assessment Of Technologies Deployed To Improve Aviation Security
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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 1999-12-23
Assessment Of Technologies Deployed To Improve Aviation Security written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999-12-23 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This report assesses the operational performance of explosives-detection equipment and hardened unit-loading devices (HULDs) in airports and compares their operational performance to their laboratory performance, with a focus on improving aviation security.
Failure Analysis Of Engineering Structures
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Author : V. Ramachandran
language : en
Publisher: ASM International
Release Date : 2005
Failure Analysis Of Engineering Structures written by V. Ramachandran and has been published by ASM International this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING categories.
Printbegrænsninger: Der kan printes 10 sider ad gangen og max. 40 sider pr. session
Detection Of Nuclear Weapons And Materials
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Author : Jonathan Medalia
language : en
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
Release Date : 2010-03
Detection Of Nuclear Weapons And Materials written by Jonathan Medalia and has been published by DIANE Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-03 with Technology & Engineering categories.
(1) How Does Detection Work?; Current Detection Technol.; (2) Advanced Technol.: Nanocomposite Scintillators; GADRAS: Gamma-Ray Spectrum Analysis Application Using Multiple Algorithms; Computer Modeling to Evaluate Detection Capability; L-3 CAARS: Low-Risk Dual-Energy Radiography System; SAIC CAARS: Higher-Risk, Higher-Benefit Dual-Energy Radiography System; AS&E CAARS: Using Backscattered X-Rays to Detect Dense Material; Muon Tomography; Analyzing a Nuclear Weapon with Nuclear Resonance Fluorescence; Detecting SNM at a Distance; (3) Signatures of Plutonium, Highly Enriched Uranium, and Nuclear Weapons; Detecting Signatures of a Nuclear Weapon or SNM; Evasion of Detection Technol. Illus.
Detection Theory
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Author : Neil A. Macmillan
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 2004-09-22
Detection Theory written by Neil A. Macmillan and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-09-22 with Psychology categories.
Detection Theory is an introduction to one of the most important tools for analysis of data where choices must be made and performance is not perfect. Originally developed for evaluation of electronic detection, detection theory was adopted by psychologists as a way to understand sensory decision making, then embraced by students of human memory. It has since been utilized in areas as diverse as animal behavior and X-ray diagnosis. This book covers the basic principles of detection theory, with separate initial chapters on measuring detection and evaluating decision criteria. Some other features include: *complete tools for application, including flowcharts, tables, pointers, and software; *student-friendly language; *complete coverage of content area, including both one-dimensional and multidimensional models; *separate, systematic coverage of sensitivity and response bias measurement; *integrated treatment of threshold and nonparametric approaches; *an organized, tutorial level introduction to multidimensional detection theory; *popular discrimination paradigms presented as applications of multidimensional detection theory; and *a new chapter on ideal observers and an updated chapter on adaptive threshold measurement. This up-to-date summary of signal detection theory is both a self-contained reference work for users and a readable text for graduate students and other researchers learning the material either in courses or on their own.
Strengthening Forensic Science In The United States
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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2009-07-29
Strengthening Forensic Science In The United States written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-07-29 with Law categories.
Scores of talented and dedicated people serve the forensic science community, performing vitally important work. However, they are often constrained by lack of adequate resources, sound policies, and national support. It is clear that change and advancements, both systematic and scientific, are needed in a number of forensic science disciplines to ensure the reliability of work, establish enforceable standards, and promote best practices with consistent application. Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States: A Path Forward provides a detailed plan for addressing these needs and suggests the creation of a new government entity, the National Institute of Forensic Science, to establish and enforce standards within the forensic science community. The benefits of improving and regulating the forensic science disciplines are clear: assisting law enforcement officials, enhancing homeland security, and reducing the risk of wrongful conviction and exoneration. Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States gives a full account of what is needed to advance the forensic science disciplines, including upgrading of systems and organizational structures, better training, widespread adoption of uniform and enforceable best practices, and mandatory certification and accreditation programs. While this book provides an essential call-to-action for congress and policy makers, it also serves as a vital tool for law enforcement agencies, criminal prosecutors and attorneys, and forensic science educators.