Entrepreneurship And The Informal Sector
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Entrepreneurship In The Informal Sector
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Author : Colin Williams
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2017-09-22
Entrepreneurship In The Informal Sector written by Colin Williams and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-09-22 with Business & Economics categories.
How many businesses start-ups conduct some or all of their trade ‘off-the-books’? And how many enterprises continue to do some of their work off-the-books once they are more established? What should be done about them? Should governments adopt ever more punitive measures to eradicate them? Or should we recognise this hidden enterprise culture and attempt to harness it? If so, how can this be done? What measures can be taken to ensure that businesses start-up in a proper manner? And what can be done to help those enterprises and entrepreneurs currently working off-the-books to legitimise their businesses? The aim of this book is to advance a new way of answering these questions. Drawing inspiration from institutional theory, informal sector entrepreneurship is explained as resulting from the asymmetry between the codified laws and regulations of a society’s formal institutions and the norms, values and beliefs that comprise a society’s informal institutions. The argument is that if the norms, values and beliefs of entrepreneurs (i.e., their individual morality) were wholly aligned with the codified laws and regulations (i.e., state morality), there would be no informal sector entrepreneurship. However, because the individual morality of entrepreneurs differs from state morality, such as due to their lack of trust in government and the rule of law, the result is the prevalence of informal sector entrepreneurship. The greater the degree of institutional asymmetry, the higher is the propensity to engage in informal sector entrepreneurship. This book provides evidence to show that this is the case both at the individual- and country-level and then discusses how this can be overcome. .
Entrepreneurship In The Informal Economy
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Author : Mai Thi Thanh Thai
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2013
Entrepreneurship In The Informal Economy written by Mai Thi Thanh Thai and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with Business & Economics categories.
Although entrepreneurship in the informal economy occurs outside state regulatory systems, informal commercial activities account for an estimated 30% of economic activity around the world. Informal entrepreneurship goes unmonitored despite the fact that it significantly contributes to poverty reduction and economic development. As a result, the informal sector is open to unethical practices including corruption, worker exploitation, and natural environment abuse to name just a few. In the media, debates have formed around whether informal entrepreneurship should be assisted or legitimized. Hence, a deep understanding of the phenomenon is vitally important. This book is the first on the market to offer models and approaches to informal entrepreneurship as well as to its prospects for economic development. Offering an in-depth examination of informal entrepreneurship in many different countries, it reveals the motivations for engaging in entrepreneurship in the informal economy, characteristics of informal entrepreneurship, and informal entrepreneurs' response to ethical issues. This volume illustrates the relationship between formal and informal economies and the conditions for the benefits of informal entrepreneurship to outweigh its disadvantages. And finally, it gives recommendations about when and how the informal economy can be formalized, which sectors should be formalized, and which ones can remain informal. This book offers much-needed guidance for stakeholders involved in economic development programs and scholars and entrepreneurs interested in the field of informal entrepreneurship as it is developing around the globe.
Entrepreneurship And The Informal Sector
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Author : Nnamdi O. Madichier
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2022-12-26
Entrepreneurship And The Informal Sector written by Nnamdi O. Madichier and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-12-26 with Business & Economics categories.
This book contributes to the ongoing discussion around entrepreneurship in Africa and how it can be made more sustainable. The chapters included highlight the need to consider the grey area between private and public sector dichotomy, which has been the focus of previous research efforts. The contributors to this book offer an intersectional view of entrepreneurship and widen the lens of inquiry to include informal sectors in discussions pertaining to innovation in business. The individual chapters consider economic and sociocultural contexts, the role of gender, the effect of militancy on entrepreneurship and informal small and medium enterprises. By doing so, this book argues that the neglect accorded to the informal and self-employment sectors may have hampered African business development in various ways. This book is a significant new contribution to studying informality in relation to business and entrepreneurship. It will be of interest to researchers and advanced students of business, economics, politics, sociology, public policy, and development studies. This book was originally published as a special issue of the Journal of African Business.
Informal Entrepreneurship And Cross Border Trade In Maputo Mozambique
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Author : Raimundo, Ines
language : en
Publisher: Southern African Migration Programme
Release Date : 2017-01-17
Informal Entrepreneurship And Cross Border Trade In Maputo Mozambique written by Raimundo, Ines and has been published by Southern African Migration Programme this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-01-17 with Social Science categories.
This report presents the results of a SAMP survey of informal entrepreneurs connected to cross-border trade between Johannesburg and Maputou during 2014. The study sought to enhance the evidence base on the links between migration and informal entrepreneur-ship in Southern African cities and to examine the implications for municipal, national and regional policy.
The Informal Economy
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Author : Ioana Horodnic
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2017-09-22
The Informal Economy written by Ioana Horodnic and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-09-22 with Business & Economics categories.
During much of the twentieth century, informal employment and entrepreneurship was commonly depicted as a residue from a previous era. Its continuing presence was seen to be a sign of "backwardness" whilst the formal economy represented "progress". In recent decades, however, numerous studies have revealed not only that informal employment is extensive and persistent but also that it is growing relative to formal employment in many populations. Whilst in the developing world, the informal economy is often found to be the mainstream economy, nevertheless, in the developed world too, informality is currently still estimated to account for notable per cent of GDP. The Informal Economy: Exploring Drivers and Practices intends to engage with these issues, providing a much-need ‘contextualised’ approach to explain the persistence and growth of forms of informal economic practices and entrepreneurial activities in the twenty-first century. Using a diverse range of empirical case studies from Europe, Africa, North Africa and Asia, this book unpacks the different varieties of forms of informal work and entrepreneurship and provides a critical analysis of existing theorisations used to explain such phenomena. This book’s aim is to examine the nature and persistence of informal work and entrepreneurship, across a variety of empirical settings, from within the developed world, the developing world and within transformation economies within post-socialist spaces. Given its worldwide, interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary approach and recent interest in the informal economies by a number of disciplines and organisations, this book will be of vital reading to those operating in the fields of: Economics, political economy and management, Human and economic geography and Economic anthropology and sociology as well as development studies
Informal Migrant Entrepreneurship And Inclusive Growth In South Africa Zimbabwe And Mozambique
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Author : Crush, Jonathan
language : en
Publisher: Southern African Migration Programme
Release Date : 2017-01-17
Informal Migrant Entrepreneurship And Inclusive Growth In South Africa Zimbabwe And Mozambique written by Crush, Jonathan and has been published by Southern African Migration Programme this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-01-17 with Social Science categories.
While increasing attention is being paid to the drivers and forms of entrepreneurship in informal economies, much less of this policy and research focus is directed at understanding the links between mobility and informality. This report examines the current state of knowledge about this relationship with particular reference to three countries (Mozambique, South Africa and Zimbabwe) and four cities (Cape Town, Harare, Johannesburg and Maputo), identifying major themes, knowledge gaps, research questions and policy implications.
Entrepreneurship And The Shadow Economy
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Author : Arnis Sauka
language : en
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Release Date : 2016-05-28
Entrepreneurship And The Shadow Economy written by Arnis Sauka and has been published by Edward Elgar Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-05-28 with Business & Economics categories.
The shadow economy has become the focus of policy makers around the world. This timely book explores the relationship between entrepreneurship and the shadow economy by reviewing how to measure, explain and tackle this hidden enterprise culture. The editors bring together leading authorities in the field to examine existing methods to measure the shadow economy, explore entrepreneurship and shadow economy practices in various contexts, and provide policy suggestions for decreasing the shadow economy. It concludes by encouraging further research in this ever-growing field.
Management Society And The Informal Economy
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Author : Paul Godfrey
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2015-07-03
Management Society And The Informal Economy written by Paul Godfrey and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-07-03 with Business & Economics categories.
Informal economic activity, defined as exchanges made by individuals and organizations in extra-legal or non-bureaucratic contexts, represents a significant and growing share of global economic activity. The informal economy brings to mind images of street vendors in markets and bazaars throughout the developing world; indeed, informal economic activity ranges from 25-75% of economic activity, depending on the country under study. Informal activity also includes "under the table," or "off the books" business in the developed world, such as informal labor arrangements in child care, construction, or home cleaning in the United States or Western Europe. What many fail to realize, however, is the increasing presence of informal economic activity in the developed world’s largest corporations and most innovative entrepreneurial ventures, such as technology development work in Silicon Valley, open source software agreements, or employment arrangements between "technology stars" and firms. Management, Society, and the Informal Economy brings to light the role of the informal economy in the 21st century. The book does more than illuminate, however – it also calls for increased focus on the informal economy by management scholars. Each chapter contains a call to action, as well as practical and methodological advice for scholarship on the topic. Management, Society, and the Informal Economy contains a multi-faceted set of arguments, descriptions, and illustrations designed to convince management scholars that they should attend to the informal economy and view it as a serious and rigorous context for theorizing, empirical research, and even practical advocacy.
The Informal Economy In Developing Nations
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Author : Erika Kraemer-Mbula
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2016-10-20
The Informal Economy In Developing Nations written by Erika Kraemer-Mbula and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-10-20 with Business & Economics categories.
The informal economy represents a significant share of output and employment in many developing countries. Yet little is known about this hidden engine of innovation. This pioneering study addresses some crucial questions, including: what is the role of the informal sector in economic development? How does innovation occur in the informal economy? How does it spread, who are the key actors and what impacts does it have? How do inventors and entrepreneurs in the informal economy reap benefits from their innovations? What stops informal sector innovation from scaling up? How can informal sector innovation in developing countries be measured? And what policies might support informal sector innovation and improve its impacts? This book will stimulate further work on this crucial but under-researched subject. As well as rich empirical evidence from several groundbreaking studies, it includes conceptual and methodological tools and policy recommendations to help researchers and policy-makers understand innovation in the informal economy.
The Informal Sector In Ecuador
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Author : Alan Middleton
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2019-08-08
The Informal Sector In Ecuador written by Alan Middleton and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-08-08 with Business & Economics categories.
This book looks back over the last forty years of change and development in Ecuador, showing how macro level changes have impacted families and workplaces on the local level. Traditionally a dependent economy reliant on agricultural exports, the impact of neoliberalism and new sources of income from oil have transformed the informal and artisanal sectors in Ecuador. Exploring these dynamics using a combination of micro and macro analyses, this book demonstrates how the social relations of the sector are connected to the wider social, economic and political systems in which they operate. The book dives into the links between micro-production and the wider economy, including the relationships between different types of artisanal enterprises and their customers, their connections to the private sector and the state, the importance of social networks and social capital and the relevance of finance capital in microenterprise development. Overall, the analysis investigates how artisans, entrepreneurs and family-based enterprises seek to protect their interests when faced with neoliberal policies and the impacts of globalisation. This remarkable longitudinal study will be of considerable interest to researchers of development studies, economics, sociology, anthropology, geography and Latin American Studies.