Epigenetics And Dna Damage
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Epigenetics And Dna Damage
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Author : Miriam Galvonas Jasiulionis
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2022-08-14
Epigenetics And Dna Damage written by Miriam Galvonas Jasiulionis and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-08-14 with Medical categories.
Although scientists recognize the role of epigenetic mechanisms in DNA damage response, the complex, mechanistic interplay between chromatin regulation and DNA repair is still poorly understood. Comprehending how these processes are connected in time and space and play out in developmental processes may reveal novel directions for new research and disease treatment. Epigenetics and DNA Damage, a new volume in the Translational Epigenetics series, offers a thorough grounding in the relationship between DNA Damage, epigenetic modifications, and chromatin regulation. Early chapters address the basic science of DNA damage and its association with various epigenetic mechanisms, including DNA methylation, post-translational histone modifications, histone variants, chromatin remodeling, miRNAs, and lncRNAs. This is followed by a close discussion of DNA damage and epigenetics in metabolism, aging, cellular differentiation, immune function, stem cell biology, and cancer, tying recent research to translational application in disease understanding. Later chapters examine possible epigenetic therapies combining DNA damage induction and epigenetic alteration, as well as instructive chapters on how to analyze DNA damage and epigenetic alterations in new research. - Offers a thorough foundation in epigenetics and DNA damage research, as well as informed discussion of evolving research trends, disease findings, and early therapeutics - Features chapter contributions from leading international contributors - Empowers scientists to apply protocols in DNA damage and epigenetic alteration analysis and experimatation in their own research
Dna Repair
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Author : Maddalena Mognato
language : en
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Release Date : 2019-06-05
Dna Repair written by Maddalena Mognato and has been published by BoD – Books on Demand this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-06-05 with Medical categories.
This book offers a collection of chapters addressing different studies on DNA repair from a cellular and molecular point of view. The various contributions highlight the vastness of DNA repair process and the need for a deeper understanding. To this end, the recent considerations here presented can be a cue for scientists and students working on, or interested in, the subject of DNA repair in human cells. This book may suggest to readers new avenues of interplay between different kinds of DNA damage and cellular response for maintaining nuclear and mitochondrial genomic stability.
Epigenetics And Systems Biology
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Author : Leonie Ringrose
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2017-04-27
Epigenetics And Systems Biology written by Leonie Ringrose and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-04-27 with Medical categories.
Epigenetics and Systems Biology highlights the need for collaboration between experiments and theoretical modeling that is required for successful application of systems biology in epigenetics studies. This book breaks down the obstacles which exist between systems biology and epigenetics researchers due to information barriers and segmented research, giving real-life examples of successful combinations of systems biology and epigenetics experiments. Each section covers one type of modeling and one set of epigenetic questions on which said models have been successfully applied. In addition, the book highlights how modeling and systems biology relate to studies of RNA, DNA, and genome instability, mechanisms of DNA damage signaling and repair, and the effect of the environment on genome stability.
Epigenetic Mechanisms Of Gene Regulation
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Author : Vincenzo E. A. Russo
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1996
Epigenetic Mechanisms Of Gene Regulation written by Vincenzo E. A. Russo and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996 with Medical categories.
Many inheritable changes in gene function are not explained by changes in the DNA sequence. Such epigenetic mechanisms are known to influence gene function in most complex organisms and include effects such as transposon function, chromosome imprinting, yeast mating type switching and telomeric silencing. In recent years, epigenetic effects have become a major focus of research activity. This monograph, edited by three well-known biologists from different specialties, is the first to review and synthesize what is known about these effects across all species, particularly from a molecular perspective, and will be of interest to everyone in the fields of molecular biology and genetics.
Dna Methylation And Complex Human Disease
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Author : Michel Neidhart
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2015-08-11
Dna Methylation And Complex Human Disease written by Michel Neidhart and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-08-11 with Science categories.
DNA Methylation and Complex Human Disease reviews the possibilities of methyl-group-based epigenetic biomarkers of major diseases, tailored epigenetic therapies, and the future uses of high-throughput methylome technologies. This volume includes many pertinent advances in disease-bearing research, including obesity, type II diabetes, schizophrenia, and autoimmunity. DNA methylation is also discussed as a plasma and serum test for non-invasive screening, diagnostic and prognostic tests, as compared to biopsy-driven gene expression analysis, factors which have led to the use of DNA methylation as a potential tool for determining cancer risk, and diagnosis between benign and malignant disease. Therapies are at the heart of this volume and the possibilities of DNA demethylation. In cancer, unlike genetic mutations, DNA methylation and histone modifications are reversible and thus have shown great potential in the race for effective treatments. In addition, the authors present the importance of high-throughput methylome analysis, not only in cancer, but also in non-neoplastic diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis. - Discusses breaking biomarker research in major disease families of current health concern and research interest, including obesity, type II diabetes, schizophrenia, and autoimmunity - Summarizes advances not only relevant to cancer, but also in non-neoplastic disease, currently an emerging field - Describes wholly new concepts, including the linking of metabolic pathways with epigenetics - Provides translational researchers with the knowledge of both basic research and clinic applications of DNA methylation in human diseases
Epigenetics In Cancer Mechanisms And Drug Development
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Author : Xiao Zhu
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2022-07-25
Epigenetics In Cancer Mechanisms And Drug Development written by Xiao Zhu and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-07-25 with Science categories.
Ubiquitin And Ubiquitin Relative Sumo In Dna Damage Response
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Author : Kristijan Ramadan
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2018-02-09
Ubiquitin And Ubiquitin Relative Sumo In Dna Damage Response written by Kristijan Ramadan and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-02-09 with categories.
DNA damage response (DDR) is a term that includes a variety of highly sophisticated mechanisms that cells have evolved in safeguarding the genome from the deleterious consequences of DNA damage. It is estimated that every single cell receives tens of thousands of DNA lesions per day. Failure of DDR to properly respond to DNA damage leads to stem cell dysfunction, accelerated ageing, various degenerative diseases or cancer. The sole function of DDR is to recognize diverse DNA lesions, signal their presence, activate cell cycle arrest and finally recruit specific DNA repair proteins to fix the DNA damage and thus prevent genomic instability. DDR is composed of hundreds of spatiotemporally regulated and interconnected proteins, which are able to promptly respond to various DNA lesions. So it is not surprising that mutations in genes encoding various DDR proteins cause embryonic lethality, malignancies, neurodegenerative diseases and premature ageing. The importance of DDR for cell survival and genome stability is unquestionable, but how the sophisticated network of hundreds of different DDR proteins is spatiotemporally coordinated is far from being understood. In the last ten years ubiquitin (ubiquitination) and the ubiquitin-relative SUMO (sumoylation) have emerged as essential posttranslational modifications that regulate DDR. Beside a plethora of ubiqutin and sumo E1-activating enzymes, E2-conjugating enzymes, E3-ligases and ubiquitin/sumo proteases involved in ubiquitination and sumoylation, the complexity of ubiqutin and sumo systems is additionally increased by the fact that both ubiquitin and sumo can form a variety of different chains on substrates which govern the substrate fate, such as its interaction with other proteins, changing its enzymatic activity or promoting substrate degradation. The importance of ubiquitin/SUMO systems in the orchestration of DDR is best illustrated in patients with mutations in E3-ubiquitin ligases BRCA1 or RNF168. BRCA1 is essential for proper function of DDR and its mutations lead to triple-negative breast and ovarian cancers. RNF168 is an E3 ubiquitin ligase, which creates the ubiquitin docking platform for recruitment of different DNA damage signalling and repair proteins at sites of DNA lesion, and its mutations cause RIDDLE syndrome characterized by radiosensitivity, immunodeficiency and learning disability. In addition, recently discovered the ubiquitin receptor protein SPRTN is part of the DNA replication machinery and its mutations cause early-onset hepatocellular carcinoma and premature ageing in humans. Despite more than 700 different enzymes directly involved in ubiquitination and sumoylation processes only few of them are known to play a role in DDR. Therefore, we feel that the role of ubiquitin and the ubiquitin-related SUMO in DDR is far from being understood, and that this is the emerging field that will hugely expand in the next decade due to the rapid development of a new generation of technologies, which will allow us a more robust and precise analyses of human genome, transcriptome and proteome. In this Research Topic we provide a comprehensive overview of our current understanding of ubiquitin and SUMO pathways in all aspects of DDR, from DNA replication to different DNA repair pathways, and demonstrate how alterations in these pathways cause genomic instability that is linked to degenerative diseases, cancer and pathological ageing.
Epigenetics Of Aging
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Author : Trygve O. Tollefsbol
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2009-11-11
Epigenetics Of Aging written by Trygve O. Tollefsbol and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-11-11 with Medical categories.
Recent studies have indicated that epigenetic processes may play a major role in both cellular and organismal aging. These epigenetic processes include not only DNA methylation and histone modifications, but also extend to many other epigenetic mediators such as the polycomb group proteins, chromosomal position effects, and noncoding RNA. The topics of this book range from fundamental changes in DNA methylation in aging to the most recent research on intervention into epigenetic modifications to modulate the aging process. The major topics of epigenetics and aging covered in this book are: 1) DNA methylation and histone modifications in aging; 2) Other epigenetic processes and aging; 3) Impact of epigenetics on aging; 4) Epigenetics of age-related diseases; 5) Epigenetic interventions and aging: and 6) Future directions in epigenetic aging research. The most studied of epigenetic processes, DNA methylation, has been associated with cellular aging and aging of organisms for many years. It is now apparent that both global and gene-specific alterations occur not only in DNA methylation during aging, but also in several histone alterations. Many epigenetic alterations can have an impact on aging processes such as stem cell aging, control of telomerase, modifications of telomeres, and epigenetic drift can impact the aging process as evident in the recent studies of aging monozygotic twins. Numerous age-related diseases are affected by epigenetic mechanisms. For example, recent studies have shown that DNA methylation is altered in Alzheimer’s disease and autoimmunity. Other prevalent diseases that have been associated with age-related epigenetic changes include cancer and diabetes. Paternal age and epigenetic changes appear to have an effect on schizophrenia and epigenetic silencing has been associated with several of the progeroid syndromes of premature aging. Moreover, the impact of dietary or drug intervention into epigenetic processes as they affect normal aging or age-related diseases is becoming increasingly feasible.
Epigenetics And Biological Processes
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Author : Gurbachan S. Miglani
language : en
Publisher: I K International Pvt Ltd
Release Date : 2024-07-08
Epigenetics And Biological Processes written by Gurbachan S. Miglani and has been published by I K International Pvt Ltd this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-07-08 with Science categories.
Epigenetics and Biological Processes deals with epigenetic control of various plant processes such as chromatin modification, biomacromolecule interactions, cell cycle, DNA replication, DNA recombination, DNA damage response, transcription, RNA processing and translation initiation, host restriction and modification, heterochromatin, euchromatin, centromere functions, telomeric maintenance, transposon activation, transposon silencing, transposon reactivation, photosynthesis, respiration, transpiration, polyploidisation, heterosis, homeostasis, cytoplasmic male sterility, self-incompatibility, circadian clocks, epigenetic imprinting, dosage compensation, somaclonal variation, plant stress response, plant-microbe interactions, disease responsive genes, and sustainable green revolution through epigenetics. Understanding epigenetics of these plant processes is essential for using science of epigenetics as a tool for crop improvement. This book is primarily designed as a textbook for senior/upper undergraduate (B.Sc. Agri.; B.Sc. Biotechnology and B.Tech. (Biotechnology) and graduate level (M.Sc. and Ph.D.) students studying epigenetics in conventional, agricultural and medical universities. Teachers and researchers in any discipline of life sciences, agricultural sciences, medicine, and biotechnology.
Epigenetics And Dermatology
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Author : Qianjin Lu
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2015-02-16
Epigenetics And Dermatology written by Qianjin Lu and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-02-16 with Science categories.
Epigenetics and Dermatology explores the role of epigenetics in the pathogenesis of autoimmune-related skin diseases and skin cancer. Leading contributors cover common and uncommon skin conditions in which extensive epigenetic research has been done. They explain how environmental exposures (chemicals, drugs, sunlight, diet, stress, smoking, infection, etc.) in all stages of life (from a fetus in-utero to an elderly person) may result in epigenetic changes that lead to development of some skin diseases in life. They also discuss the possibilities of new and emergent epigenetic treatments which are gradually being adopted in management of various skin diseases. Chapters follow a conventional structure, covering fundamental biology of the disease condition, etiology and pathogenesis, diagnosis, commonly available treatments, and epigenetic therapy where applicable. Discusses the basic biology of skin diseases and skin cancers induced or aggravated by aberrant epigenetic changes Evaluates how to approach autoimmune-related skin diseases from a therapeutic perspective using the wealth of emergent epigenetic clinical trials Offers a coherent and structured table of contents with basic epigenetic biology followed by discussion of the spectrum of rheumatologic through neoplastic skin diseases, finally ending with a discourse on epigenetic therapy