Essays On Industrial Organization In Developing Countries

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Essays On Industrial Organization In Developing Countries

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Author : Albert John Morel Bollard
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010

Essays On Industrial Organization In Developing Countries written by Albert John Morel Bollard and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with categories.

This dissertation presents three essays on industrial organization in developing countries. The first examines the causes of the large employer size-wage premium in Indian manufacturing. The second presents the strong empirical relationship between average manufacturing plant size and average labor productivity across industries and across countries. The third documents the effects of the 2004 enlargement of the European Union on firms close to the old economic border.

Controlling Industrial Economies

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Author : Stephen F. Frowen
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2015-12-30

Controlling Industrial Economies written by Stephen F. Frowen and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-12-30 with Business & Economics categories.

Technology Innovation And Industrial Economics Institutionalist Perspectives

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Author : Dilmus D. James
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06

Technology Innovation And Industrial Economics Institutionalist Perspectives written by Dilmus D. James and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Business & Economics categories.

Technology, Innovation and Industrial Economics: Institutional Perspectives, inspired by the work of William E. Cole, Professor Emeritus at the University of Tennessee at Knoxville, extends his work with essays on technology, innovation and industrial economics from an Institutionalist perspective. The managerial style, innovational practices and industrial setting of the continuous improvement firm are central to several chapters. This volume also features innovation and technology in Latin America, Adam Smith's writing on entrepreneurship and a comparison of American and European Institutionalism. The topics of technology, innovation, industrial organization and industrial policy are being widely discussed and debated in today's literature, but seldom from an Institutionalist perspective. The purpose of this book is to reduce substantially this missing dimension in the ongoing debates on these important issues.

Business Government And Labor

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Author : Linda Y C Lim
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2017-12-07

Business Government And Labor written by Linda Y C Lim and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-12-07 with Business & Economics categories.

Business, Government and Labor in the Economic Development of Singapore and Southeast Asia analyzes the inter-linked and evolving roles of private sector business, government public policy, and labor markets in the economic development of Singapore and its Southeast Asian neighborhood. It does this through 16 essays written by Prof. Linda Y C Lim, an early and long-established scholar of these subjects, and published over a 35-year period. For Singapore, often considered the world's most successful economy, the essays highlight the determining role of government's industrial and social policy through to the present day, when the growth model of the past faces many external market and domestic resource constraints. In the rest of Southeast Asia, in contrast, the essays explore how private sector business, dominated by the locally-domiciled ethnic Chinese minority, thrived and drove economic growth in underdeveloped markets with imperfect institutions, and consider if and how this might change with China's increasing presence in the regional economy. A final set of essays analyzes the forces underlying women's employment, from labor-intensive Southeast Asian export factories in the 1980s to Singapore's foreign-labor-dependent economy and its current productivity challenges. Taken together, the essays show how government, business and labor interact in the process of economic development.

Essays In Industrial Organization

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Author : Brett R. Devine
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018

Essays In Industrial Organization written by Brett R. Devine and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with Industrial organization categories.

The first chapter analyzes the optimal choice of costly information by a monopolist for nonlinear pricing and its effect on consumer welfare. I derive conditions characterizing the firm's optimal acquisition of information and show that information acquisition by firms for price discrimination can be Pareto improving. The second chapter studies the effect of microfranchising on necessity entrepreneurs in Ghana, Guatemala, and Bangladesh. I find that necessity entrepreneurs have higher returns from microfranchisor-supplied entrepreneurial inputs than opportunity entrepreneurs. My findings suggest that microfranchising can be a valuable and complementary tool in economic development practices in less developed countries. The third chapter studies the academic productivity of dual-hired academic couples relative to their traditionally hired peers to understand the effect of partner accommodation policies in the distribution of faculty quality at several major universities in the United States. I find that the primary and secondary hires of partner accommodation policies can differ markedly in their productivity, both positively and negatively. The effects frequently differ according to the gender of the hire.

Essays On Industrial Organization And Firm Dynamics

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Author : Qinshu Xue
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2022

Essays On Industrial Organization And Firm Dynamics written by Qinshu Xue and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022 with categories.

This dissertation consists of three essays in the areas of Industrial Organization and Firm Dynamics and Trade, examining the interaction between firms' decision-making and government policies in determining market outcomes and the welfare consequences.The first chapter studies how upstream market concentration and demand risk affect downstream firms' outsourcing decisions. Firms' boundary decisions are one of the most fundamental issues in economics. I focus on the volatile automobile industry and study how firms can use outsourcing to insure themselves against the demand risk. I formulate a structural model in which outsourcing allows the downstream firms to hedge the uncertain in-house production cost and upstream firms exploit downstream's insurance motive by exerting market power. I estimate the model using data on the vehicle manufacturers and upstream transmission firms in the automobile industry. In the counterfactual analysis, I evaluate the potential impact of the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement. When the upstream market is more concentrated due to the protection of the local firms, upstream's price response to a negative shock further increases by 68%. An increase in upstream market power attenuates upstream's role of insurance and amplifies the impact of economic downturns on consumer welfare and manufacturers' profit by 65%. My paper highlights a previously overlooked welfare loss channel of market power, especially in industries heavily affected by the business cycles. In the second chapter, I analyze the impact of trade policies on firm dynamics and the labor market. I construct a demand system with the production function to purge out the price effect in productivity measures based on sales data. It allows me to separate the firm-side physical productivity gain from the demand-side impact of trade liberalization. I use my new physical productivity measure to analyze the effect of the processing trade policies prevalent in developing countries. Required by the policy, firms import duty-free intermediate input from abroad but are forced to reexport their final products. Though firms with high productivity enter the export market, I find firms with productivity lower than non-exporters become pure processing trade firms and export as well. In addition, their productivity gains from the input tariff reduction and exporting are much smaller compared with the other exporting firms. In the third chapter, my coauthor and I study the geographic concentration of entrants and capitalists in the US. We first document that VC investment is elastic to local vintage capital, and we propose that local vintage capital supply is an essential determinant of this spatial concentration and co-location decision. We develop a model by linking the motives of co-locating by entrants and capitalists via a core feature of vintage capital reallocation toward young firms mediated by venture capital. Since a vintage capital market with abundant supply can lower the capital cost and thus increase the profits, VC investments are attracted due to higher expected returns. This, in turn, encourages entrepreneurship and leads to a selection-induced agglomeration effect. A larger city intensifies such allocative forces and thus amplifies the agglomeration effect, which ultimately makes the city further attractive to VC investment relative to others.

Three Essays On Agricultural Marketing In Developing Countries

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Author : Aya Suzuki
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2008

Three Essays On Agricultural Marketing In Developing Countries written by Aya Suzuki and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with categories.

Financial Markets Marketing And Information Sharing

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Author : Rodney Benjamin Wallace
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2000

Financial Markets Marketing And Information Sharing written by Rodney Benjamin Wallace and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with categories.

Trade Development And Political Economy

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Author : D. Lal
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2001-03-28

Trade Development And Political Economy written by D. Lal and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001-03-28 with Business & Economics categories.

Trade, Development and Political Economy takes fundamental issues in trade and development policy and subjects them to well-based economic analysis in a form that is easily accessible to the non-specialist. Distinguished contributors address some of the following questions: Are critics of outward-orientated development wrong? What caused the financial crisis of East Asia? Who supports trade and aid in the US? And, what are the conditions needed to promote growth? They also look forward to what trade policies and agreements will be needed in the future.

Essays In Development Economics And Industrial Organization

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Author : Diego Javier Jimenez Hernandez
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2021

Essays In Development Economics And Industrial Organization written by Diego Javier Jimenez Hernandez and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021 with categories.

This dissertation contains three essays in development economics and industrial organization. In the first chapter, coauthored with Enrique Seira, we study a nationwide welfare program in Mexico in which the government, in an effort to eliminate hunger, sells milk to households at subsidized rates via a network of thousands of specialized ``ration stores.'' Existing in many countries, such direct-provision programs often appear puzzling to economists, as it seems unlikely that the government would have any comparative advantage over the private market in procuring and distributing milk. To understand direct provision, we develop and estimate an equilibrium model of the market, then use the model to compare this program against natural (budget-neutral) alternatives, such as milk vouchers or unrestricted cash transfers. Using rich household-level panel data and the variation generated by the staggered introduction of new government stores, we show that market power by private milk suppliers is an important concern and that government-sold and privately-sold milk are close (though imperfect) substitutes. Consequently, direct provision plays an important role in the milk market in Mexico by disciplining private-milk prices. Indeed, our results suggest that in the absence of government milk, private market prices would be 3% higher. Moreover, direct provision generates 4% more gains in consumer welfare relative to milk vouchers and 2% more relative to unrestricted cash transfers.In the second chapter, co-authored with Sara G. Castellanos, Aprajit Mahajan, and Enrique Seira, we study expanding financial access (particularly borrowing) to underserved populations. Credit card debt is increasingly common among poor and inexperienced borrowers -- thus de facto a financial inclusion product. However, it remains relatively under-studied. We use detailed card level data and a product that accounted for 15% of all first-time formal loans in Mexico and show that default rates are high and ex-ante unpredictable for new borrowers -- suggesting an important role for ex-post contract terms in limiting risk. However, using a large nationwide experiment we find that default is unresponsive to minimum payment increases, a commonly proposed policy remedy. We provide evidence that the zero result is driven by the offsetting effects of tightened liquidity constraints and lower debt burdens. Surprisingly, we also find muted default responses to large experimental changes in interest rates -- suggesting a limited role for ex-post moral hazard in our context. Finally, we use job displacements to document large effects of unemployment on default, highlighting the centrality of idiosyncratic shocks as a barrier to the expansion of formal credit among poorer populations.In the third and last chapter, coauthored with Joshua J. Kim and Aleksandr Shirkhanyan, we study savings in Armenia, particularly focusing on a unique problem that households in the developing world often face: how to safely store their assets when the value of their local currency is unstable. This instability leads to several complicated decisions households must make, such as how much to save and which currencies to save in. These choices are especially important for households during periods of macroeconomic volatility such as currency depreciations. In this paper, we study how households make such savings decisions following a large currency depreciation in Armenia.