Essays On Markets And Institutions In Emerging Economies
DOWNLOAD
Download Essays On Markets And Institutions In Emerging Economies PDF/ePub or read online books in Mobi eBooks. Click Download or Read Online button to get Essays On Markets And Institutions In Emerging Economies book now. This website allows unlimited access to, at the time of writing, more than 1.5 million titles, including hundreds of thousands of titles in various foreign languages. If the content not found or just blank you must refresh this page
Essays On Markets And Institutions In Emerging Economies
DOWNLOAD
Author : TAREK FOUAD GHANI
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015
Essays On Markets And Institutions In Emerging Economies written by TAREK FOUAD GHANI and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with categories.
Market frictions pervade emerging economies and constrain private sector development. In such settings, formal institutions to help address contract enforcement, property rights and information asymmetries are typically weak or absent. Instead, market participants must rely on informal practices and institutions to mitigate uncertainty, instability and opportunism. For example, personalized exchange relationships are useful when contract enforcement is weak, and cash holdings can be attractive when financial institutions are unreliable. In three specific emerging economy settings, I explore how informal practices and institutions interact with formal market development, and in particular the role that market frictions play in determining outcomes for firms, technologies and employees. The first chapter of this dissertation explores how changes in formal upstream market structure affect the economics of downstream relationships using original data from the ice industry in Sierra Leone. In this setting, a monopoly ice manufacturer sells through independent retailers to fishermen buyers. I demonstrate that a shock that increases upstream competition among manufacturers improves the contractual terms offered by retailers to buyers. Under the monopoly manufacturer, late deliveries are common due to outside demand shocks. To help mitigate this uncertainty, retailers prioritize loyal customers when faced with shortages, and buyers respond by rarely switching retailers. When manufacturers compete, prices fall, quantities increase and services improve with fewer late deliveries. Entry upstream also disrupts collusion among retailers by increasing the value of competing for buyer relationships. Competing retailers expand trade credit provision as a new basis for loyalty, and stable buyer relationships reemerge after a period of intense switching. The findings suggest that market structure shapes informal contractual institutions, and that competition can reconstitute the nature of relationships. The second chapter addresses the relationship between violence and financial decisions in Afghanistan. In particular, I investigate how violence affects the tradeoff between informal cash holdings - which are liquid but insecure - and usage of a more secure but less liquid formal financial account. Using three separate data sources, I find that individuals experiencing violence retain more cash and are less likely to adopt and use mobile money, a new financial technology. First, combining detailed information on the entire universe of mobile money transactions in Afghanistan with administrative records for all violent incidents recorded by international forces, I find a negative relationship between violence and mobile money use. Second, in the context of a randomized control trial, violence is associated with decreased mobile money use and greater cash balances. Third, in financial survey data from nineteen of Afghanistan's 34 provinces, I find that individuals experiencing violence hold more cash. Collectively, the evidence indicates that individuals experiencing violence prefer cash to mobile money. More speculatively, it appears that this is principally because of concerns about future violence. These results emphasize the difficulty of creating robust financial networks in conflict settings. Finally, in the third chapter, I study how informal behaviors interact with incentives to affect employees' decisions to formally save in the context of a large firm in Afghanistan. I analyze a mobile phone-based account that allows savings to be automatically deducted from salaries. Employees who are automatically enrolled in this defined-contribution account are 40 percentage points more likely to contribute than individuals with a default contribution of zero. Analyzing randomly assigned employer matching contributions, I find that the effect of automatic enrollment on participation is approximately equivalent to providing financial incentives equal to a 50 percent match. To understand why default enrollment increases participation, some employees are randomly offered an immediate financial consultation, and others a financial consultation in one week. Employees are more likely to discuss changing their savings contributions in one week, suggesting that defaults raise contributions because of the perceived complexity of financial decisions, and because employees procrastinate in developing a financial plan for the future.
Essays On The Role Of Markets And Institutions In Developing Economies
DOWNLOAD
Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
Essays On The Role Of Markets And Institutions In Developing Economies written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with categories.
Three Essays On Emerging Market Business Groups
DOWNLOAD
Author : Zhixiang Liang
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020
Three Essays On Emerging Market Business Groups written by Zhixiang Liang and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020 with categories.
Much of the literature on emerging market Business Group (henceforth BG) views the subject in a monochrome 'paragons or parasites' dichotomy. In these divergent perspectives, BGs have either a positive or negative effect on economic and institutional development. In the paragon view, BGs emerge as an organizing mechanism to address weak institutions by internalizing market transactions. However, with the development of market-supporting institutions, BGs become less efficient and theory predicts their dissolution and replacement with independent freestanding firms. In the parasite view, BGs emerge but develop strong economic and political power, which are used to block the development of market supporting institutions and support their entrenchment in a stagnant domestic economy, consistent with a middle-income trap.The overarching goal of this thesis is to address this dichotomous paradigm and investigate why neither perspective adequately explains the phenomenon of long-lived and efficient BGs. In some economies, BGs emerge, persist, and exhibit increasing efficiency and international competitiveness accompanied by continuing institutional development. More specifically, this thesis aims to offer more nuanced understanding between BGs and their institutional context to understand their resilience during market transitions. The dissertation addresses its theme with three related essays. The first investigates the fundamental source of the emergence and persistence of BG in a shifting institutional environment. Empirical results show that several complementary bundles of management practice differentiate BG affiliates and independent firms in the early phase of development but become less prominent at later stages. The second essay considers the export performance of BG affiliates through organizational capability lens to distinguish between market and nonmarket capabilities. This paper finds support for the hypothesis that BGs utilized superior nonmarket capabilities on enhancing their export performance and suppressing other's internationalization, but these advantages would be mitigated in a jurisdiction with better political and social support. The third essay complements process theories of emerging market BGs internationalization by considering the structural conditions for successful early-stage internationalization. We propose that international political economy origins have long-lasting path-dependent effects on BG strategy and structure and find strong evidence that BG affiliates in Latin America are less likely to export than are those in Asia. The overall implication of the thesis is to present a vibrant picture of BGs in their institutional context. Empirically, this thesis is among the first few to perform empirical research with firm-level microdata BG, collected from the World Bank Enterprise Surveys. The large multi-country dataset allows for a comparative analysis of the issues, while most BG research focuses on single country settings. This thesis contributes a cross-country study using a BG standard definition, thereby adding to a comparative understanding of BG persistence. This thesis also adds to the literature by identifying explicitly non-financial consequences of group affiliation. To sum up, this thesis offers insights for future research on the broader spectrum regarding institutional spheres where BGs associated with and its either positive or negative inter-connections.
Essays On Markets And Institutions In Developing Countries
DOWNLOAD
Author : Sreyashi Sen
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2024
Essays On Markets And Institutions In Developing Countries written by Sreyashi Sen and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024 with categories.
Reflections On Progress
DOWNLOAD
Author : Kemal Dervis
language : en
Publisher: Brookings Institution Press
Release Date : 2016-08-30
Reflections On Progress written by Kemal Dervis and has been published by Brookings Institution Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-08-30 with Political Science categories.
Now, more than ever, the world needs growth-oriented and socially inclusive policymaking. Is the world giving up on the promise of ever-greater prosperity for all, on functioning democratic institutions, and on long-term peace? Is the special set of circumstances that led to the recent rapid growth in emerging markets unlikely to be present in the future? Will the second decade of the twenty first century end with “secular stagnation”? Does the rise of authoritarianism, populism, and fanatic nihilism—all experienced over the last few years—threaten to unravel what has been built painstakingly since the catastrophe of World War II? Kemal Dervis addresses these and similar questions in this thought-provoking series of essays written for Project Syndicate from 2011 to 2015. The essays are organized in three sections: global economic interdependence, inequality and the political economy of reform, and the specific challenge of Europe. The common theme is the need for growth-oriented and socially inclusive policymaking in an interdependent world. These kinds of policies offer the potential for another wave of unprecedented human progress aided by breathtaking new technologies. However, a huge and destabilizing disruption is possible if policymaking is not globally cooperative and is not focused on inclusion and greater equity. These essays synthesize the experience and analysis of a scholar and policymaker with national, regional, and international experience at the highest levels. Dervis exhibits a passion for combining strongly held values with political feasibility.
Platinum Essays In The Philosophy Of Applied Economics Of Development
DOWNLOAD
Author : Herbert Onye Orji
language : en
Publisher: AuthorHouse
Release Date : 2011-09
Platinum Essays In The Philosophy Of Applied Economics Of Development written by Herbert Onye Orji and has been published by AuthorHouse this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-09 with Business & Economics categories.
This book, Platinum Essays In The Philosophy Of Applied Economics Of Development, is a collection of interrelated and interconnected essays on applied economics of development with underlying philosophy contents. The topic and areas of coverage were carefully chosen to comprehensively reflect a mandatory range of issues, germane to the understanding, teaching, research, publication and practice of applied economics of development, particularly in medium-to low income emerging markets. There are twenty one chapters each with a topic of major developmental significance in applied economics. Based on the clear and lucid underlying philosophical statements, the broad scope of the applied definitions, analytical and descriptive review of relevant modern and dated literatures, germane to the discourse, observations, recommendations, conclusions and range of ease or otherwise of policy implementations, the key objectives of the book have been achieved.
Market Institutions Governance And Development
DOWNLOAD
Author : Dilip Mookherjee
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Release Date : 2006
Market Institutions Governance And Development written by Dilip Mookherjee and has been published by Oxford University Press, USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Business & Economics categories.
On development economics theories in India.
Essays On Financial Markets In Emerging Economies
DOWNLOAD
Author : Esteban Vesperoni
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2000
Essays On Financial Markets In Emerging Economies written by Esteban Vesperoni and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with Capital movements categories.
Global Economics In Extraordinary Times
DOWNLOAD
Author : C. Fred Bergsten
language : en
Publisher: Peterson Institute
Release Date : 2012-11-15
Global Economics In Extraordinary Times written by C. Fred Bergsten and has been published by Peterson Institute this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-11-15 with Biography & Autobiography categories.
Over five decades, John Williamson has written across an extraordinarily broad set of topics in international economics ranging from international monetary economics to development policy. The arc of his scholarship follows the main preoccupations of international economists during the second half of the 20th century and the first decade of the 21st. Bridging the scholarly literature and policy debates, his publications on the Washington Consensus, exchange rate policy, and international monetary reform have profoundly influenced public discourse, government policy, and the evolution of the economics discipline. As John marked his 75th birthday, his friends and colleagues prepared this collection of essays to celebrate these many contributions and reflect on their relevance to the challenges that confront the world economy in the wake of the 2008 09 global financial crisis and its current aftermath in Europe.
Essays In History
DOWNLOAD
Author : Charles Poor Kindleberger
language : en
Publisher: University of Michigan Press
Release Date : 1999
Essays In History written by Charles Poor Kindleberger and has been published by University of Michigan Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999 with Business & Economics categories.
Classic Kindleberger: Engaging and stimulating reading on eclectic topics in finance, economics, and the life of this captivating author