Essays On The Impact Of Social Interactions On Economic Outcomes
DOWNLOAD
Download Essays On The Impact Of Social Interactions On Economic Outcomes PDF/ePub or read online books in Mobi eBooks. Click Download or Read Online button to get Essays On The Impact Of Social Interactions On Economic Outcomes book now. This website allows unlimited access to, at the time of writing, more than 1.5 million titles, including hundreds of thousands of titles in various foreign languages. If the content not found or just blank you must refresh this page
Essays On The Impact Of Social Interactions On Economic Outcomes
DOWNLOAD
Author : Nathalia Perez Rojas
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2007
Essays On The Impact Of Social Interactions On Economic Outcomes written by Nathalia Perez Rojas and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with categories.
Essays On Social Interactions And The Long Term Effects Of Early Life Conditions
DOWNLOAD
Author : Peter Nilsson
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2009
Essays On Social Interactions And The Long Term Effects Of Early Life Conditions written by Peter Nilsson and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with categories.
Three Essays On Social Interactions And Networks
DOWNLOAD
Author : Shenzhe Wang
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014
Three Essays On Social Interactions And Networks written by Shenzhe Wang and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with Economic history categories.
This dissertation focuses on the social interaction with economic perspectives. This first essay tests peer effects in the workplace with piece-rate compensation. Reference groups are defined as the geographical peers in undirected networks. A series of spatial econometric models are employed to investigate the social effects. We identify and present evidence for endogenous effects (production) while find no evidence for exogenous effects (characteristics). We also find that the heterogeneity of endogenous effects depends on workers and their peers' characteristics, which is defined as conditional endogenous effects in this paper. Our results suggest that rearranging workers' seats according to their personal characteristics could lead to changes in overall productivity. From a field experiment design, the second essay studies the relation between social distance and training outcomes. We test our hypothesis through two measures: the tips shared with trainees by trainers, and the exist test results of trainees. We find that trainers share more tips to socially closer trainees, and the communications between trainers and trainees have a significant indirect effects on the number of tips shared. The productivity of trainees are also higher when they are socially closer to their trainers. The third essay discusses the identification problem in social peers effect studies. By considering the canonical linear in means model with the rank condition in simultaneous equations model, it suggests that the group structures determines the identifiablity of the desired social effects estimates. Transitive networks are not identified unless there are more information contained in the between group structures. Modifications to the conventional model are also suggested with respect to the recovery of transitive networks and potentially incomplete networks.
Social And Economic Factors In Decision Making Under Uncertainty
DOWNLOAD
Author : Kinga Posadzy
language : en
Publisher: Linköping University Electronic Press
Release Date : 2017-11-16
Social And Economic Factors In Decision Making Under Uncertainty written by Kinga Posadzy and has been published by Linköping University Electronic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-11-16 with categories.
The objective of this thesis is to improve the understanding of human behavior that goes beyond monetary rewards. In particular, it investigates social influences in individual’s decision making in situations that involve coordination, competition, and deciding for others. Further, it compares how monetary and social outcomes are perceived. The common theme of all studies is uncertainty. The first four essays study individual decisions that have uncertain consequences, be it due to the actions of others or chance. The last essay, in turn, uses the advances in research on decision making under uncertainty to predict behavior in riskless choices. The first essay, Fairness Versus Efficiency: How Procedural Fairness Concerns Affect Coordination, investigates whether preferences for fair rules undermine the efficiency of coordination mechanisms that put some individuals at a disadvantage. The results from a laboratory experiment show that the existence of coordination mechanisms, such as action recommendations, increases efficiency, even if one party is strongly disadvantaged by the mechanism. Further, it is demonstrated that while individuals’ behavior does not depend on the fairness of the coordination mechanism, their beliefs about people’s behavior do. The second essay, Dishonesty and Competition. Evidence from a stiff competition environment, explores whether and how the possibility to behave dishonestly affects the willingness to compete and who the winner is in a competition between similarly skilled individuals. We do not find differences in competition entry between competitions in which dishonesty is possible and in which it is not. However, we find that due to the heterogeneity in propensity to behave dishonestly, around 20% of winners are not the best-performing individuals. This implies that the efficient allocation of resources cannot be ensured in a stiff competition in which behavior is unmonitored. The third essay, Tracing Risky Decision Making for Oneself and Others: The Role of Intuition and Deliberation, explores how individuals make choices under risk for themselves and on behalf of other people. The findings demonstrate that while there are no differences in preferences for taking risks when deciding for oneself and for others, individuals have greater decision error when choosing for other individuals. The differences in the decision error can be partly attributed to the differences in information processing; individuals employ more deliberative cognitive processing when deciding for themselves than when deciding for others. Conducting more information processing when deciding for others is related to the reduction in decision error. The fourth essay, The Effect of Decision Fatigue on Surgeons’ Clinical Decision Making, investigates how mental depletion, caused by a long session of decision making, affects surgeon’s decision to operate. Exploiting a natural experiment, we find that surgeons are less likely to schedule an operation for patients who have appointment late during the work shift than for patients who have appointment at the beginning of the work shift. Understanding how the quality of medical decisions depends on when the patient is seen is important for achieving both efficiency and fairness in health care, where long shifts are popular. The fifth essay, Preferences for Outcome Editing in Monetary and Social Contexts, compares whether individuals use the same rules for mental representation of monetary outcomes (e.g., purchases, expenses) as for social outcomes (e.g., having nice time with friends). Outcome editing is an operation in mental accounting that determines whether individuals prefer to first combine multiple outcomes before their evaluation (integration) or evaluate each outcome separately (segregation). I find that the majority of individuals express different preferences for outcome editing in the monetary context than in the social context. Further, while the results on the editing of monetary outcomes are consistent with theoretical predictions, no existing model can explain the editing of social outcomes.
Essays In Education Economics And Social Interactions
DOWNLOAD
Author : Irina Shaorshadze
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2017
Essays In Education Economics And Social Interactions written by Irina Shaorshadze and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with categories.
This is a collection of essays in public economics, focusing on credit constraints in higher education and peer effects in high school. The first chapter explores importance of credit constraints for college choice through a dynamic life-cycle model. The second chapter studies the effect of exposure to foreign-born students in the U.S. high-schools on educational, social and health outcomes of their peers.
Industrial Organization Trade And Social Interaction
DOWNLOAD
Author : Gregory K. Dow
language : en
Publisher: University of Toronto Press
Release Date : 2010-01-01
Industrial Organization Trade And Social Interaction written by Gregory K. Dow and has been published by University of Toronto Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-01-01 with Social Science categories.
B. Curtis Eaton is one of Canada's leading microeconomists. As an applied economic theorist, Eaton has contributed greatly to industrial organization literature and has also worked in labour economics, economic geography, and organizational theory. The essays in this volume, by former students and present and former colleagues, call attention to the path-breaking work of Professor Eaton. The first two chapters provide a short overview of Eaton's research contributions and argue that his work laid the foundation for important research programs across the country. The remaining chapters, including an unpublished paper by Eaton himself, consist of original work that can be divided into the three broad categories of industrial organization and spatial competition, trade and productivity, and social interaction. Not only a collection of laudatory essays, Industrial Organization, Trade, and Social Interaction presents cutting edge research by leading scholars.
The Economic Implications Of Social Cohesion
DOWNLOAD
Author : Jeff Dayton-Johnson
language : en
Publisher: University of Toronto Press
Release Date : 2003-01-01
The Economic Implications Of Social Cohesion written by Jeff Dayton-Johnson and has been published by University of Toronto Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-01-01 with Business & Economics categories.
Essays examine the impact of social networks and collective action on growth and other economic outcomes, contributing to understanding of the interaction between economic processes and their social framework.
Three Essays On Social And Economic Effects Of User Generated Content
DOWNLOAD
Author : Ermira Zifla
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018
Three Essays On Social And Economic Effects Of User Generated Content written by Ermira Zifla and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with categories.
In this dissertation, I investigate how online social interactions and user-generated content affect sellers and consumers in online platforms. I conduct three empirical studies to understand the effect of user-generated content in three different types of online platforms: (1) an e-commerce marketplace, (2) an online reviews platform, and (3) an online health community. In study one, I examine how social features (e.g., following others, sharing others' products) within an electronic commerce marketplace affect status and sales for sellers. This essay contributes to the literature on electronic commerce by deepening the understanding of online social processes among sellers. In study two, I explore how humorous appropriation of an online review platform affects purchase intention and consumer engagement. Utilizing both controlled experiments and analysis of real-world reviews, I demonstrate that humorous appropriation attenuates the effect of review valence on purchase intentions and increases consumer engagement. In study three, I investigate how community ratings are related to patient treatment evaluations and compliance in an online health community. I find that community ratings are positively associated with treatment evaluations and compliance. Moreover, I find that community size and ratings variance moderate the effect of community ratings on treatment evaluations and compliance. Taken together, these essays contribute to the literature on Information Systems by augmenting the understanding of the effects of different types of user-generated content on social (status, engagement, and evaluations) and economic outcomes (purchase intentions and sales). The studies also offer insights for strategic decisions regarding user-generated content in online platforms.
Essays On Social Influence Network Effects And Use Of Social Media In Impacting Consumer Behavior
DOWNLOAD
Author : Kamer Toker Yildiz
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014
Essays On Social Influence Network Effects And Use Of Social Media In Impacting Consumer Behavior written by Kamer Toker Yildiz and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with categories.
The wide adoption of the Internet and social media has changed how consumers communicate amongst themselves and how companies communicate with their customers. Therefore, investigating the role of social interactions is important in understanding how consumers influence each other through online as well as offline channels for both marketing researchers, and companies that wish to leverage social media more effectively. This dissertation consists of two essays focusing on social influence, network effects and their marketing implications in today's socially engaged world. The first essay focuses on peer influence and studies the differential impact of online and offline social interactions on consumer's repeat usage behavior, and the effectiveness of monetary incentives in the presence of these social interactions. For this purpose, we develop a modeling framework that parses out the impacts of these individual effects and investigates their relative impact on behavior using a unique data set from a wellness program. We find that the effect of online interactions does indeed vary significantly in the presence of offline interactions and that ignoring the latter may well bias the estimates of the former. Furthermore, our results show that monetary incentives relative to social interactions have a significant, though lesser impact on repeat usage behavior. We finally offer several strategic implications by exploring a variety of scenarios through simulation analysis based on the model estimates. The second essay introduces anonymous others ("non-peer") influence in addition to peer influence and compares the relative influence of these two sources on consumers' product evaluations in an experimental setting. We show that contrary to the existing intuition, peers are not always more influential than non-peers and that the influence of these two sources depends on the proportion of people who endorse the product (i.e. , endorsement status: majority/minority endorsement). Interestingly, we find that peers have more positive influence than non-peers only under minority (but not majority) endorsement (experiment 1). We further show that peer influence manifests under minority endorsement because of consumers' endorsement and product fit perceptions (experiment 2). However, this effect diminishes if the endorsement is framed negatively (experiment 3) and gets stronger when the numeric size of the source is large (experiment 4). We discuss these findings in light of prevailing source influence theories and offer suggestions for marketing actions and firm strategy. We believe that this dissertation contributes not only to the marketing literature but also to other disciplines including social psychology, economics and operations research while offering useful implications for companies leveraging social media for both internal and external purposes.
Social Emulation The Evolution Of Gender Norms And Intergenerational Transfers
DOWNLOAD
Author : Seung-Yun Oh
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
Social Emulation The Evolution Of Gender Norms And Intergenerational Transfers written by Seung-Yun Oh and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with Fertility, Human categories.
In this dissertation, I develop theoretical models and an empirical study of the role of social interactions, the evolution of social norms, and their impact on individual behavior. Although my models are consistent with individual utility maximization, they generally emphasize social factors that channel individual decisions and/or shape individuals' preferences. I apply this approach to three different issues: labor supply, fertility decisions, and intergenerational transfers, generating predictions that are more consistent with observed empirical patterns of behavior than standard neoclassical approaches that assume independent preferences, perfect information, and efficient markets. In the first essay, I explain the long-run evolution of working hours during the 20th century in developed countries: the substantial decline for the first three quarters of the 20th century and the deceleration or even reversal of the fall in working hours in the last quarter. I develop a model of the determination of working hours and how this process is affected by both the conflict between employers and employees and the employees' desire to emulate the consumption standards of the rich reference group. The model also explores the effects of direct and indirect policies to limit hours advocated by political representations of workers such as trade unions or leftist parties. In the second essay, I study the coevolution of gender norms and fertility regimes. Since the 1990s, a new pattern of positive correlation between fertility rates and female labor force participation emerged in developed countries. This recent trend seems inconsistent with conventional economic approaches that explain fertility decline as a result of the increasing opportunity costs of childrearing, predicting a negative correlation between fertility and women's labor force participation. To address this puzzle, I develop a model of the evolution of gender norms and fertility in various economic environments influenced by the level of women's wages. Randomly matched spouses make choices related to fertility - labor supply and the division of household labor - based on their preferences shaped by gender norms. In the model, norm updating is influenced by both within-family payoffs and conformism payoffs from social interactions among the same sex. The model shows how changes in economic environments and the degree of conformism toward norms can alter fertility outcomes. The results suggest that the asymmetric evolution of gender norms between men and women could contribute to very low fertility, explaining the positive correlation between fertility and women's labor force participation. Finally, I estimate the effect of exogenously introduced public pensions for the elderly on the amount of private transfers they receive. There has been a long debate whether public transfers crowd out private transfers. Previous empirical studies on this issue suffer from the endogeneity of income that contaminates estimates. I use an exogenously introduced public transfer, the Basic Old Age Pension in Korea, to test the crowding out hypothesis. A considerable proportion of the elderly population, especially women living without a spouse, do not experience the crowding out effect and moreover, among those who do, the size of the effect is relatively small. The results support the redistribution effect of the Basic Old Age Pension targeting the poor elderly in Korea.