Estimating Intersection Turning Movement Proportions From Partial Counts For Adaptive Traffic Control Systems
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Estimating Intersection Turning Movement Proportions From Partial Counts For Adaptive Traffic Control Systems
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Author : Chang-Jen Lan
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1997
Estimating Intersection Turning Movement Proportions From Partial Counts For Adaptive Traffic Control Systems written by Chang-Jen Lan and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997 with categories.
Dissertation Abstracts International
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1998
Dissertation Abstracts International written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998 with Dissertations, Academic categories.
Automated Intersection Volume Counts Using Existing Signal Control Devices
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Author : Ali Gholami
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015
Automated Intersection Volume Counts Using Existing Signal Control Devices written by Ali Gholami and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with Electronic books categories.
The purpose of this dissertation was to identify and investigate the possibility of obtaining turning volumes from inductive loops and investigate the accuracy of them. A large majority of signalized intersections operate under inductive loops. Experiences in cities such as Seattle, San Antonio, and Toronto show successful usage of inductive loop detectors to obtain traffic volume at intersections. Loop detectors are the most common method for obtaining data at intersections to operate and control traffic signals. A macroscopic study was performed on two intersections in Reno and Sparks. Both Reno and Sparks use sequential short loops. The detector accuracy was interpreted in terms of count errors. The preferred metric for count error is the Mean Absolute Percent Error (MAPE, %). Results showed the counts were not reliable and had a very high error. At the Kietzke/Moana intersection in Reno, NV, the MAPE was 15 percent northbound, 31 percent southbound, 20 percent eastbound, and 36 percent westbound. At Sparks/Prater in Sparks, NV, the MAPE was worse with all detector groups ranging from 48 to 74 percent. In Reno, advance detector counts could be modified because they showed a strong relationship with base (observed) counts; however, in Sparks, there was not a clear relationship between the two sets of counts. In Chapter 4, by using Genetic Programming (GP) and Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS), detector counts were modified and again MAPE was calculated. At Kietzke/Moana, all approaches after data modification had MAPE less than 14 percent. However, at Sparks/Prater, because of the loops’ wiring, there was more irregularity in count detections and as a result, models were not able to reduce detector count errors significantly. Even when detector counts can be modified, detectors are unable to produce turning movement counts in shared lanes. Current practice involves gathering such information through manual counts, which is very costly. Chapter 5 proposes three methods to estimate turning movement proportions in shared lanes. These methods were tested using linear regression and Genetic Programming (GP). It was found that the hourly average error range at intersections was between 4 to 27 percent using linear regression and 1 to 15 percent using GP. The proposed method for modifying detector counts did not guarantee reliable counts in all situations. In Chapter 6, a method is proposed to obtain turning movement counts only from signal information without using detector counts. To produce the required data, a simulation was performed in VISSIM with different input volumes. To change turning volumes, a code was developed in COM interface. With this code, the inputs did not have to be changed manually. In addition, the COM code stored the outputs. Data were then exported to a single Excel file. Afterwards, regression and the Adaptive Neural Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) were used to build models to obtain turning volumes. The accuracy of the models was defined in terms of MAPE. Results of the two case studies showed that during peak hours, there was a high correlation between actuated green time and volumes. This method does not require extensive data collection and is relatively easy to employ. The results also showed that ANFIS produced more accurate results compared to regression. Chapter 7 proposes mid-intersection detector (MID) concept configuration to obtain more accurate counts. MIDs are departure doctors which have moved back to middle of intersection. Under this configuration, in addition to stop bar detectors, some mid-intersection detectors also are used to obtain more reliable counts. Due to intersection operation, stop bar detectors were still required, but compared to traditional departure detector configurations, MIDs were expected to produce more reliable and accurate data while requiring same number of detectors. Chapter 8 offers some recommendations to change the loop detector systems for the sake of improving turning movement counts. For obtaining more accurate counts, we recommend: 1) the cost-effective and non-intrusive replacements of inductive loops (Passive Infrared, Active Infrared, Radar and Passive Millimeter, Passive Acoustic, Ultrasonic-Pulse and Doppler). Several “non-intrusive” detection systems are becoming more prominent, being viewed as cost-effective replacements of inductive loops; 2) Changing the configuration and wiring of loops. Performance was significantly enhanced when the loops were connected such that the field generated by the individual loops was additive between the loops rather than subtractive. Counting results were likely to be fair to poor when the loops were separated by 10 or more feet or had a different number of turns or were connected in parallel. To obtain excellent to good counts from loops, each loop should be wired to an individual loop detector channel. If two or more are spliced together into one loop detector channel, the count accuracy would be fair to poor. (Abstract shortened by UMI.).
Estimation Of Turning Flows From Automatic Counts
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Author : Ezra Hauer
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1980
Estimation Of Turning Flows From Automatic Counts written by Ezra Hauer and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1980 with Traffic estimation categories.
Automatic System To Measure Turning Movement And Intersection Delay
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Author : Jialei Mao
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2009
Automatic System To Measure Turning Movement And Intersection Delay written by Jialei Mao and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with Traffic flow categories.
"It is important for many traffic operations, such as real-time adaptive signal control, dynamic traffic assignment and traffic demand estimation, to obtain the vehicle turning movement information at a signalized intersection. However, it is laborious and time consuming to count the turning movements manually. Previous efforts on this problem relied on a mathematical approach by solving an O-D matrix in which the turning movements represent distributions of the arriving flow at each intersection approach. However, such a matrix cannot be mathematically solved without using supplementary volume data from the local detectors; previous studies showed the results from the O-D method are not accurate. Identifying vehicle turning movements from detector information is a more direct method. Limited studies using this method have been found for intersections without shared lanes. Most intersections allow shared lane operations, thus this method is not practical without further improvements. Driven by the need to identify vehicles turning movement automatically regardless of the geometry and operation of the intersections, this research studied and developed a system called Automatic Turning Movement Identification System (ATMIS). ATMIS utilizes intelligent detection matching algorithm to identify vehicle turning movements from the detections collected from the field in real-time. This algorithm has the capability to compensate the error caused by the faults detections and shared lanes. The results from laboratory experiments and field tests are very encouraging. Future work is also discussed in the thesis. While another related study, intersection delay measurement, is also included in this thesis. Delay is regarded as one of the most important Measures of Effectiveness (MOE) for signalized intersections. Different methods to measure control delay are recommended by many researchers but most of them are costly, time consuming and labor intensive. Some key components of delay measurement, such as intersection delay and delay for different turning movements, are not addressed in the previous studies. Driven by the need to develop an automatic delay estimation system, a method is presented to improve or extend the current methods to estimate intersection travel time based on the detection information derived from ATMIS. Yet, the detection information is not perfect from ATMIS, we still can estimate intersection delay accurately with the help of data filters. The mechanism and result of proposed method are discussed in this thesis. Further work of delay measurement is also presented."--Abstract.
Development Of An Intersection Turning Movement Predictive Model
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Author : Bruce L. Floyd
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1981
Development Of An Intersection Turning Movement Predictive Model written by Bruce L. Floyd and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1981 with Roads categories.
Field Testing For Automatic Identification Of Turning Movements At Signalized Intersections
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Author : Jialin Tian
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2004
Field Testing For Automatic Identification Of Turning Movements At Signalized Intersections written by Jialin Tian and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Roads categories.
Obtaining turning movement counts at signalized intersections is a routine task in traffic engineering and can be tedious and time consuming. Previous research in automating turning movement count has focused on estimating the turning movements from approach and departure volumes and developing detection systems for exclusive turning lanes. The accuracy of an alternative method, called the Time and Place System (TAPS), is examined in this research through a field study of five signalized intersections in Columbia, Missouri. TAPS uses both the locations and times of actuations from a small number of detectors to classify movements from shared approach lanes. The five intersections represent a range of geometries and signal timings. At four intersections a standard video camera was placed about 30 feet high, as close to the departure lanes as possible, to provide a reasonable view. Additional cameras showed current signal indications into the departure leg. At the fifth location a single elevated camera captured both vehicle movements and signal indications. The videotape data was used to compare TAPS results to actual flows. The errors in detections were apparently due to the sensitivity of detection system, camera angles, intersection geometries, traffic parameters and other factors. The ability of TAPS to identify turning movements at signalized intersections was supported by the study results. The information from TAPS could be used for advanced signal management, dynamic traffic assignment and traffic demand estimation.
Estimating Intersection Turning Movements
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Author : Steven L. Jones
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1999
Estimating Intersection Turning Movements written by Steven L. Jones and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999 with Roads categories.
Turning movement (TM) counts are used for a variety of intersection analyses, including traffic operations analyses, intersection design, and transportation planning applications. For many planning and design applications, especially in the case of proposed future improvements to an intersection or even proposed new intersections, future year TM counts are needed for the analysis. Accordingly, there is a need to forecast turning movements at the intersection. The purpose of the research was to inventory and review the methods used to forecast intersection turning movements. The effort was limited to a literature review and a limited survey of practitioners to determine methods currently being used to make such forecasts. Based on this limited review, it was found that the state-of-the-practice for estimating turning movements is based on using growth factors to project link volumes and TM counts. In many cases, engineering judgment is used to account for special conditions or to accommodate known or anticipated land use changes that may significantly impact turning movements. The implication, therefore, is that although there are similarities among methods used by a variety of organizations for a variety of purposes, there is no identifiable preferred means of estimating turning movements. The most definitive technique found is the procedures described in the National Cooperative Highway Research Project (NCHRP) Report 255.
Estimation Of Turning Flows At An Intersection From Traffic Counts
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Author : J. Y. K. Luk
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1989
Estimation Of Turning Flows At An Intersection From Traffic Counts written by J. Y. K. Luk and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1989 with categories.
Traffic Operations At All Way Stop Controlled Intersections Estimating Capacity And Delay At An All Way Stop Controlled Intersection
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1990
Traffic Operations At All Way Stop Controlled Intersections Estimating Capacity And Delay At An All Way Stop Controlled Intersection written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1990 with Electronic traffic controls categories.